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The images of geographical space and historical time, born in the practices of poetic experience and philosophical reflection, subsequently migrated to the subject-matter domains of sociology, political science, economics, and other social sciences, under­going a long conceptual as well as analytical evolution. In fact, they turned into ef­fective tools for scientific analysis of social, political and economic processes with the scope of application ranging from theoretical constructs and expert assessments to managerial decision-making and futurological forecasts. Moreover, cultural and historical images, arriving into the sphere of theoretical as well as expert-and-analyti­cal knowledge from pre-scientific practices, came back to the sphere of everyday life and began to play an increasingly important role in self-identification, as well as in individual and collective searches for identity. Particularly noteworthy is the fact that the newly formed concepts of the East and the West, the Modern and the Ar­chaic, in their dynamic dimension, gave birth to the "procedural" derivatives thereof, the most well-known and the most broadly applied among which is the concept of modernization, which manifested itself, inter alia, in the emergence of a theory or even many theories of the same name. At the same time, the concepts of westerniza­tion and archaization have been less fortunate: in fact, they have turned into the terms used in the conceptual space of the same theory of modernization. The rarest to be used is the fourth of the concepts in question – the concept of orientalization. This article deals with the very few instances of the use of this term found by the author in modern scientific literature.

The process of increasing complexity of social reality must be seen as historically conditioned. The develop-ment of techniques and technologies that shape both human thinking and life is recognized as a major deter-minant of changing social reality. The main event of recent decades has certainly been digitalization, whose transformative impact on society and its institutions has been so great that a new term has appeared – the "digi-tal age". Social reality in the digital age is being transformed by social media and virtual or augmented realities. The birth of digital reality from the spontaneous interaction of diverse realities has poorly predicted social and existential consequences. The real driver accelerating the formation of digital reality is the digitalization of the administrative and bureaucratic component of public administration. The most notable here are the provision of public services in digital format, the transfer of intradepartmental and interdepartmental interactions to electron-ic document management, a significant transformation in the nature and quality of feedback, and the manipu-lation of large amounts of data. In the process of digitalization, a reality is born that cannot be reduced to any kind of previously known realities. It is not described in ontological terms of virtuality and human existence manifests itself in it.

The article analyzes Eurasianism as an ideological trend and as a socio-philosophical tradition, as well as the role played by the Eurasian worldview in the formation of Eurasian philosophy. The interrelation of the ideas of the Eurasians with Russian cosmism, especially with the creativity of those of its representatives, which belongs to the ХХ century, is subjected to a separate consideration. The authors of the first book of the collection "Exo-dus to the East" analyze the specific features of the understanding of religiosity and nationalism. The review takes place against the background of the analysis of the thesis about the opposition of Eurasianism to the main trends of modern science and the rejection by Eurasians of the materialistic worldview. The concepts of the first generation of Eurasians, the theoretical and philosophical constructions of Russian cosmists and the doctrine of the ethnos of L.N. Gumilev are consistently analyzed. The evaluation of the teaching of the Eura-sians as compatible with the main directions of modern science and tolerant to the theoretical and methodolog-ical attitudes of materialists is substantiated.

"Being", "Reality", "Meaning" in the Process of Evolution of Philosophical and Theoretical Thinking