Suchergebnisse

I.Desde Palomar: ruralidad, cultura y diferencia --Actores del?sector cultural?: ¿puentes sin abrazos? --Bajo el manto democrático de la diversidad --Y, ¿qué de lo rural en la política de la diversidad?: violencia, pobreza y desarraigo --Reproducir las diferencias: colonialidad y subalternidad --II.Hacia La Doctrina: juventud, identidad y producción del pasado --De jóvenes, músicas y?tradiciones? --¿Cómo se es joven en zonas rurales? --?Van al colegio a que les enseñen un montón de cosas que no van a poder ser? --Oralidad, lectura y escritura: quién y cómo se autoriza la producción del pasado --Identidad, diferencia y poder --III.Un lugar llamado Guanacas: correspondencias, localizaciones y movilizaciones --Identidad desde la negatividad: ¿aún es posible producir desde allí nuevas formas de movilización? --De la negatividad de las diferencias hacia la positividad de las correspondencias --Un espacio, unas prácticas, un territorio: movilidad y emplazamiento --Localizar las luchas políticas: memorias con conciencia y en defensa del lugar --De la autoridad de la cultura escrita a la nueva autoridad de la?cultura audiovisual?: ¿poscolonialidad?

Resumen tomado de la publicación ; Título también en inglés: Role of psychological profiles, life experiences, daily practices and patterns of Internet use on the quality of life of adults and older adults ; We are witnessing a period marked by an ongoing process of population ageing, which is linked to the unstoppable advance of technology, especially the Internet and Web 2.0 tools. In this context, the needs of adults and seniors are increasingly complex, requiring urgent political, social and scientific responses as a means of guaranteeing their quality of life and well-being. Consequently, the gerontological research has been recently concerned with the study of all those factors that contribute to active and successful ageing, especially focusing on the physical and cognitive dimensions of the elderly, with a serious knowledge gap in relation to other psychosocial and emotional aspects concerned, despite its proven impact on their quality of life. On the other hand, although the number of Web 2.0 older adult users is increasing, there is still a significant digital gap in this age group. It seems that being 55 years old marks the moment when there is a sudden decrease in the use of these tools. If these tools have shown important physical, psychological, social and emotional benefits and, ultimately, quality of life and vital satisfaction in any age group, we cannot stop studying the reasons why adults and seniors access in a lesser extent to this new world that opens behind its doors, which could contribute to breaking the current barriers. Within this framework, and from the psychological perspective, our goal was focused on the study of usage patterns in Web 2.0 tools by adults and seniors, including the accessibility and usage barriers and the perceived benefits. All of this was analyzed in relation to the quality of life construct, specially highlighting the psychosocial and emotional components (emotional intelligence, coping, self-efficacy, achievement motivation and social competence), life experiences and daily practices. In order to solve this issue, different reviews and descriptive/exploratory surveys were carried out, responding to the research questions that emerged as the survey progressed and to some specific targets. ; Castilla y León ; ESP

Resumen tomado de la publicación ; Título también en inglés: Role of psychological profiles, life experiences, daily practices and patterns of Internet use on the quality of life of adults and older adults ; We are witnessing a period marked by an ongoing process of population ageing, which is linked to the unstoppable advance of technology, especially the Internet and Web 2.0 tools. In this context, the needs of adults and seniors are increasingly complex, requiring urgent political, social and scientific responses as a means of guaranteeing their quality of life and well-being. Consequently, the gerontological research has been recently concerned with the study of all those factors that contribute to active and successful ageing, especially focusing on the physical and cognitive dimensions of the elderly, with a serious knowledge gap in relation to other psychosocial and emotional aspects concerned, despite its proven impact on their quality of life. On the other hand, although the number of Web 2.0 older adult users is increasing, there is still a significant digital gap in this age group. It seems that being 55 years old marks the moment when there is a sudden decrease in the use of these tools. If these tools have shown important physical, psychological, social and emotional benefits and, ultimately, quality of life and vital satisfaction in any age group, we cannot stop studying the reasons why adults and seniors access in a lesser extent to this new world that opens behind its doors, which could contribute to breaking the current barriers. Within this framework, and from the psychological perspective, our goal was focused on the study of usage patterns in Web 2.0 tools by adults and seniors, including the accessibility and usage barriers and the perceived benefits. All of this was analyzed in relation to the quality of life construct, specially highlighting the psychosocial and emotional components (emotional intelligence, coping, self-efficacy, achievement motivation and social competence), life experiences and daily practices. In order to solve this issue, different reviews and descriptive/exploratory surveys were carried out, responding to the research questions that emerged as the survey progressed and to some specific targets. ; Castilla y León ; ESP

Thermal energy storage (TES) increases concentrating solar power (CSP) plant capacity factors, but more important, improves dispatchability; therefore, reducing the capital cost of TES systems is very important to reduce cost of energy and serve as an enabler for commercial solar power plants. After presenting the concept of a novel cascade PCM configuration of CSP and demonstrating it energy efficiency, it is needed to develop a thoughtful economic evaluation of the concept. The goal of this paper was to investigate this system through annual modelling, engineering procurement company price quotes, and levelized cost metric comparison with a baseline case, the commercial two-tank molten salt storage system. Simulation results show that this new PCM concept decrease levelized costs of storage. The baseline of using shell and tube heat exchangers for PCM storage offers a reduction in capital and levelized cost, but this paper also shows that there are further cost reduction possibilities, as shown in the scenarios presented here, such as thermal conductivity enhancement, encapsulation of the PCM, or modification of the material to improve its thermal properties. Therefore, although the basic shell and tube PCM system has been shown to offer a cost savings, the 1.8% reduction in LCOE may not be worth the risk of further development. The shell and tube system should be a jumping off point to more appropriate technologies. The variants studied are likely to yield cost reductions in cost performance quotient (CPQ) as high at 80% and in LCOE as high as 10%, representing an unprecedented and valuable avenue of CSP plant cost reduction. ; The research leading to these results has received funding from CDTI in the project Innterconecta Thesto (ITC-20111050). We would like to thank Abengoa Thermal Storage Team for their comments and suggestions. This work was partially funded by the Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades de España (RTI2018-093849-B-C31 - MCIU/AEI/FEDER, UE) and by the Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades - Agencia Estatal de Investigación (AEI) (RED2018-102431-T). Dr. Cabeza would like to thank the Catalan Government for the quality accreditation given to her research group GREiA (2017 SGR 1537). GREiA is a certified agent TECNIO in the category of technology developers from the Government of Catalonia. This work is partially supported by ICREA under the ICREA Academia programme.

Concentrated solar power (CSP) is today recognized as a unique renewable energy for electricity generation due to its capability to provide dispatchable electricity incorporating thermal energy storage (TES). Molten salts TES is the most widespread technology in commercial CSP but the industry is looking for cheaper and more efficient TES systems and phase change materials (PCM) have been highlighted as potential low cost and high energy TES systems. This paper presents a completely new concept of PCM energy storage systems to be used in solar thermal electricity plants with its technical assessment. A cascade type PCM storage system is evaluated, using four buckets with the PCM organized based on melting temperature and the latent energy of the materials. Daily, monthly, and annual transient simulations of the plant performance are carried out. The main conclusion is the similarity between this new concept and the commercial two-tank indirect molten salt system. The cumulative power production over the year is similar and the net production of both systems is well matched. ; The work was partially funded by the Spanish government (ENE2015-64117-C5-1-R (MINECO/FEDER)). Dr. Cabeza would like to thank the Catalan Government for the quality accreditation given to her research group (2017 SGR 1537). GREiA is certified agent TECNIO in the category of technology developers from the Government of Catalonia.

We examine the extent to which exposure to higher relative COVID-19 mortality (RM), influences health system trust (HST), and whether changes in HST explain the perceived ease of compliance with pandemic restrictions during the COVID-19 pandemic. Drawing on evidence from two representative surveys covering all regions of 28 European countries before and after the first COVID-19 wave, and using a difference in differences strategy together with Coarsened Exact Matching (CEM), we document that living in a region with higher RM during the first wave of the pandemic increased HST. However, the positive effect of RM on HST is driven by individuals over 45 years of age, and the opposite effect is found among younger cohorts. Furthemore, we find that a higher HST reduces the costs of complying with COVID-19 restrictions, but only so long as excess mortality does not exceed the average by more than 20%, at which point the ease of complying with COVID-19 restrictions significantly declines, offsetting the positive effect of trust in the healthcare system. Our interpretation of these estimates is that a higher RM is interpreted as a risk signal among those over 45, and as a signal of health-care system failure among younger age individuals.

AbstractWe study the formation of biased expectations across domains and examine whether they have a unique influence on health and financial behaviors. Combining individual-level longitudinal, retrospective, and end of life data from several European countries for more than a decade, we estimate the time-varying individual level bias in 'survival expectations' (BSE) and compare it to a similar type of bias in the formation of 'meteorological expectations' (BME). We exploit the variation across individual's family history (parental age at death) to evaluate the causal effect of BSE on health and financial behaviors, and we compare it to the effect of BME. This allows to investigate whether the BSE effect is due to private information, or another mechanism.We find that BSE increases the likelihood of engaging in less risky health and financial behaviors. We estimate that a one standard deviation increase in BSE reduces the average individual probability of smoking by 48% (and increase the probability of holding retirement accounts by 69%). In contrast, BME has little effect on healthy behaviors, and is only associated with a change in some financial behaviors.

Abstract. Floods are among Earth's most common and most destructive natural hazards,
affecting human lives and properties directly and indirectly around the
world. The frequency and magnitude of extreme flooding have been increasing
in many parts of the world in recent decades (see, e.g. Berghuijs et al.,
2017; Blöschl et al., 2019a; Marijnissen et al., 2019), hampering human
well-being and economic growth in both developed and developing countries.
Flood risk management carries out the flood risk assessment and uses
appropriate resources (human, finance, science and technology, and nature)
to control the flood risk (Han, 2011), which is an urgent challenge for the
scientific and engineering communities to address. In a similar way to "Twenty-three unsolved problems in hydrology" (Blöschl et al., 2019b), despite decades of
research in this field, there are still many unsolved problems in floods as
well. This special issue "Flood Risk Assessment and Management" is an outcome of the session "Flood Risk
Assessment and Management" in the Naturals Hazards Division at the European
Geosciences Union (EGU) General Assembly held in Vienna, Austria. The
session series has been organized annually at EGU since 2018. This special
issue presents a wide range of in-depth research studies based on flood
modelling (including hydrological modelling and hydrodynamic modelling),
hazard mapping, flood damage and risk assessment as well as studies that
focus on flood relief prioritization, mitigation strategies and flood
policies. Extraordinary floods and debris flows are also included due to dam
and dike breaks and extreme storms over gullies in mountain areas. The nine
articles in this special issue are broadly introduced in the following three
categories.

AbstractThis article analyzes the effect of formal care unmet needs on informal caregiving hours in Spain using two waves of the Informal Support Survey (1994, 2004). Testing for double sample selection from formal care and the emergence of unmet needs reveals that the omission of either variable causes underestimation of the number of informal caregiving hours. In the model for 2004, the selection term of the unmet needs equation is larger than that of the formal care equation, suggesting that the number of formal care recipients as a quality indicator may be confounding, if not completed with other quality indicators.

Concentrating solar power (CSP), also known as solar thermal electricity (STE), is increasing its deployment worldwide. One of the potential ways to decrease costs in CSP plants is the improvement of corrosion resistance between the heat transfer fluid (HTF) and storage materials, and the materials used for pipes, tanks, containers, and receivers. This paper assesses the literature on this topic (290 publications) through a bibliometric analysis, identifying the trends of the research, the topics of most interest to researchers, and literature gaps. Most documents are from Spain, Germany, and the United States of America. Results show that the most recent approaches for corrosion migration are selective coatings and the use of nanoparticles to reduce corrosiveness. The use of nitrates is changing to other salts such as chloride mixtures and potassium compounds. In addition, the techniques used to evaluate corrosion results are dominated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and electrochemical testing, but new dynamic techniques are starting to be used, representing the biggest gap that needs to be filled for the testing of components such as solar receivers. ; Funding This work was partially funded by the Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades de España (RTI2018-093849-B-C31-MCIU/AEI/FEDER, UE) and by the Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades-Agencia Estatal de Investigación (AEI) (RED2018-102431-T). This work is partially supported by ICREA under the ICREA Academia programme. Acknowledgments The authors at the University of Lleida would like to thank the Catalan Government for the quality accreditation given to their research group (2017 SGR 1537). GREiA is certified agent TECNIO in the category of technology developers from the Government of Catalonia.

Industries with fast‐developing technologies and knowledge‐intensive business services rely on the development of scientific knowledge for their growth. This is also true in the renewable energy industry such as in concentrating solar power (CSP) plants, which have undergone intense development and expansion in the last two decades. Yet knowledge generation is not sufficient; its dissemination and internalization by the industry is indispensable for new product development. This paper contributes to providing empirical evidence on the known link between knowledge development and firm growth. In 10 years the cost of electricity produced through CSP has decreased five‐fold. This decrease has only been possible due to innovation projects developed through a complex network of research and development (R&D) collaborations and intense investment, both public and (to a greater extent) private. The development and construction of pilot plants and demonstration facilities are shown to be key in maturing innovations for commercialization. This is an example of how the private sector is contributing to the decarbonisation of our energy system, contributing to the objectives of climate change mitigation. ; Funding: The work was partially funded by the by the Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades de España (RTI2018‐093849‐B‐C31‐ MCIU/AEI/FEDER, UE) and by the Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades ‐ Agencia Estatal de Investigación (AEI) (RED2018‐102431‐T). Abengoa thanks the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation that has allowed us to finance R&D in CSP: CDTI (IDI‐20090402, ITC‐ 20111050, ConSOLida CENIT 2008‐1005, CDTI IDI‐20090393, ITC‐20131017); and European Commission: H2020 programme (H2020‐LCE‐2015 Sun‐to Liquid, H2020‐LCE‐2015 Solpart). We thank the partners of the consortium who have allowed these developments and thank all members of the Abengoa CSP department Acknowledgments: Dr. Cabeza would like to thank the Catalan Government for the quality accreditation given to her research group GREiA (2017 SGR 1537). GREiA is certified agent TECNIO in the category of technology developers from the Government of Catalonia. This work is partially supported by ICREA under the ICREA Academia programme. We would like to thank the partners of the consortium who have allowed these developments and thank all members of the Abengoa CSP department.