Suchergebnisse

Archaeological research on the Iron Age (1200–500 BC) Levant, a narrow strip of land bounded by the Mediterranean Sea and the Arabian Desert, has been balkanized into smaller culture historical zones structured by modern national borders and disciplinary schools. One consequence of this division has been an inability to articulate broader research themes that span the wider region. This article reviews scholarly debates over the past two decades and identifies shared research interests in issues such as ethnogenesis, the development of territorial polities, economic intensification, and divergent responses to imperial interventions. The broader contributions that Iron Age Levantine archaeology offers global archaeological inquiry become apparent when the evidence from different corners of the region is assembled.

The strategies political elites implement to garner political authority and legitimacy in emergent polities are scrutinized in a case study from Iron Age Edom, located in modern southern Jordan and the south-east corner of the State of Israel. Edom provides a productive context in which to conduct this investigation as local elites managed a fractious polity consisting of unstable segmentary identities, while at the same time, remaining loyal to the successive Assyrian, Babylonian, and Persian empires that dominated them. This tenuous position required elites to maintain a flexible elite identity while promoting broader metaphors of attachment (e.g. Edomite) among their disparate constituents. This case study ultimately moves toward an understanding of political polities, not as disembodied entities (e.g. States), but as embedded phenomena within the societies they comprise.

AbstractUniversity-based anthropology museums are uniquely positioned to pursue nuanced decisions concerning the disposition of collections in their care, setting best practice for the field. The authors describe a three-staged approach to repatriations that they led during their concurrent service as head of cultural policy and repatriation (Jordan Jacobs) and director (Benjamin Porter) of the University of California, Berkeley's Phoebe A. Hearst Museum of Anthropology between 2015 and 2019. Examples involving human remains and cultural objects from Australia, Canada, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Iraq, Japan, Mexico, Panama, Peru, Saipan, Senegal, Vanuatu, Venezuela, and South Carolina in the United States demonstrate the benefits of transparency, open communication, and rigorous investigation of provenance and provenience, which may or may not lead to transfer based on the criteria and priorities of potential recipients. This article also provides a history of the Hearst Museum's Cultural Policy and Repatriation division, which was disbanded in 2021.

University-based anthropology museums are uniquely positioned to pursue nuanced decisions concerning the disposition of collections in their care, setting best practice for the field. The authors describe a three-staged approach to repatriations that they led during their concurrent service as head of cultural policy and repatriation (Jordan Jacobs) and director (Benjamin Porter) of the University of California, Berkeley's Phoebe A. Hearst Museum of Anthropology between 2015 and 2019. Examples involving human remains and cultural objects from Australia, Canada, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Iraq, Japan, Mexico, Panama, Peru, Saipan, Senegal, Vanuatu, Venezuela, and South Carolina in the United States demonstrate the benefits of transparency, open communication, and rigorous investigation of provenance and provenience, which may or may not lead to transfer based on the criteria and priorities of potential recipients. This article also provides a history of the Hearst Museum's Cultural Policy and Repatriation division, which was disbanded in 2021.

The extensification of agricultural systems into marginal lands is a common response to environmental,economic, and political pressures for more cultivable land. Yet the course that extensification takes inparticular instances is unpredictable given the choices available to producers. This article investigates aninstance of extensification during the late second millennium BCE on the semi-arid Eastern Karak Plateauin west-central Jordan. Architectural, faunal, and archaeobotanical evidence is presented from Khirbat al-Mudayna al-'Aliya, one of several communities that participated in an extensified settlement system onthe edge of the Wadi al-Mujib and its tributaries. Producers practiced agriculture and pastoralism in alow-intensity subsistence economy that supported a nucleated settlement of households. Faunal analysisdetermined goats were kept, and wild animals supplemented diets. Archaeobotanical analysis of charredplant remains from storage bins in a building destroyed byfire indicated that barley was stored in a semi-processed state and that harvesting by uprooting was practiced, thus resulting in the maximization of thestraw harvest. The riparian zone beneath the settlement was a key venue for subsistence activities. ThisEarly Iron Age example contrasts with later episodes of extensification whose settlement systems weremore dispersed and agro-pastoralist regime more integrated.

Introduction. A sense of urgency / Nicola Lercari, Willeke Wendrich -- At-risk cultural heritage, open communication and stealth archaeology / Willeke Wendrich -- Global heritage, knowledge provenance, and digital preservation : defining a critical approach / Anaïs Guillem, Nicola Lercari -- Cultural heritage in Mexico : documentation as a high priority / Geneviève Lucet -- From the field to the CAVE : a workflow for collecting, storing, and sharing archaeological data / Brady Liss, Ho Jung Yoo, Ioannis Liritzis, Margie M. Burton, Thomas E Levy -- A diversified approach to at-risk earthen architecture conservation : implementing monitoring and spatial analysis at Çatalhöyük / Arianna Campiani, Ashley Lingle, Nicola Lercari -- Ancient Egyptian coffins in 3D : digital analysis, visualization, and dissemination / Rita Lucarelli, Kea Johnston -- The digital context of at-risk textual archives / Adam G. Anderson -- Data as at-risk cultural heritage : the DIG data publication initiative / Deidre Brin -- At-risk worldwide : archaeological and cultural heritage digital data / Francis P. McManamon, Leigh Anne Ellison -- CollectionSpace at the Phoebe A. Hearst Museum of Anthropology : a strategic information platform / Christopher R. Hoffman, Benjamin W. Porter, Michael T. Black.