Suchergebnisse

.

The article is devoted to interaction between capital outflow and external debt. We analyze the debt capital market in Russia in 2000s and provide a mechanics of crisis in 2008 – 2009. Based on the theory of R. Caballero and S. Panageas we offer a hypothesis concerning a reform in international reserves management. We believe Russian authorities should pay more attention to the regulation of capital outflow in a short period.

The relevance of the study is determined by the need to identify the risks of a pandemic and conduct regular monitoring of the state of economic security of Russian regions in order to take operational anti-crisis measures.The purpose of the study is to substantiate the author's approach to studying the risks of a pandemic and its impact on regional development, as well as to create a methodology for assessing the economic security of Russian regions.The objectives of the study include: identification and systematization of pandemic risks for economic security; development of a methodology for analyzing the economic security of regions taking into account the risks of a pandemic; preparation of recommendations for ensuring the economic security of regions based on leveling the risks of a pandemic.Metodology. Research methods: method of comparative analysis, graphical method, method of systematization, method of economic and statistical analysis, method of calculation of integral indicators, method of expert assessments. The scientific novelty of the research consists in the development of the author's methodology for analyzing and assessing the level of economic security of regions under the impact of pandemic risks, as well as in determining the directions of state policy to level them.Results. The authors have identified and systematized the risks of a pandemic that determine the state of economic security in the region. The article proposes a methodology for analyzing the economic security of regions, taking into account the risks of a pandemic, which has been tested on data from three Russian regions (Tambov, Kaluga and Belgorod regions). The expediency of implementing a set of state policy measures aimed at leveling the risks of a pandemic in the regions is substantiated.Conclusion. The results of the analysis made it possible to identify a region with a high level of economic security (Belgorod Region), as well as to formulate proposals for the implementation of the state policy of leveling the risks of a pandemic in the Tambov and Kaluga regions.

The relevance of the research topic is due to the entry of Russian regions into the space of a pandemic crisis, a decrease in their level of economic security and the need to develop tools to improve it. The purpose of the study is to study the features of the current pandemic crisis and its impact on the development of Russian regions, as well as the search for digital technologies to ensure their economic security.The objectives of the study are to identify the characteristic features of the pandemic crisis and to determine the Russian regional specifics of its manifestation, systematize threats to economic security for the regional economy arising in the conditions of the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as to substantiate the advantages of digital technologies for leveling threats to economic security during the pandemic crisis. The authors used the analysis of scientific literature and the method of comparative analysis to compare the socio-economic dynamics of Russian regions.Metodology. The method of systematization was used to study the threats to the economic security of the region during the pandemic crisis. To reveal the features of the impact of the pandemic on the economic security of Russian regions, the authors implemented a method of economic and statistical analysis.Results. The article highlights the characteristic features of the pandemic crisis, reveals the Russian regional specifics of its manifestation. The authors attempt to systematize the threats to economic security for the regional economy arising in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. The threats of epidemiological, economic, social and technological nature are highlighted. The analysis of the indicators of the socio-economic situation of the regions of Russia, reflecting the current trends of territorial development, is carried out.Conclusions. The analysis allowed the authors to conclude that the level of economic security of the regions of Russia has decreased during the pandemic crisis. The identified advantages of digital technologies allowed the authors to substantiate the expediency of their using as the basis of implemented measures to level threats to the economic security of Russian regions in the context of the pandemic crisis.

The relevance of the study is due to the need for in-depth digitalization of the public administration system in Russia based on the introduction of digital innovations.The purpose of the study is to study the features of the Russian public administration system in the implementation of digital innovations, to determine its existing limitations, as well as to substantiate the possibilities of its prospective digital development. The objectives of the study are to assess the state of the Russian public administration system by the level of implementation of digital innovations, to identify existing limitations of the introduction of digital innovations into the public administration system, as well as to search for measures that contribute to the further digital development of the public administration system in Russia.Methodology. The research is based on the use of the method of theoretical analysis, data systematization, economic analysis, graphical method, logical method, as well as analysis and synthesis.Results. The trends in the development of digital innovations that contribute to optimizing the activities of civil servants and ensuring interdepartmental interaction are studied. The problems of the development of digital innovations in the system of public online services for the population and enterprises are identified. The analysis of the state's ongoing measures to introduce digital innovations to improve the open data infrastructure of the sphere of public authority within the framework of the development of the innovative ecosystem of the state is carried out.Conclusions. A high level of formation of the basic conditions for the introduction of digital innovations in the public administration system has been revealed. The positive dynamics of growth in the volume of public online services received by the population and enterprises has been established. The limitations of the introduction of digital innovations in terms of the formation of the open data portal of the public administration system are revealed. Recommendations on optimizing the implementation of digital innovations in all areas of public administration functioning under study are presented.

The relevance of the research is determined by the need to adapt the activities of enterprises to the rapidly developing digital environment, which requires regular revision of the promotion strategy and adaptation to the new changing conditions shaping the business landscape. The purpose of the study is to develop an innovative approach to the organization of the company's activities based on the use of digital technologies for brand promotion in the face of changes, as well as to determine the directions of their practical implementation.The objectives of the research are to determine the theoretical and methodological foundations for the formation and implementation of a brand promotion strategy in the company's activities; substantiate the role of digital technologies in the brand promotion strategy of a modern enterprise; develop an innovative approach to the organization of the company's activities based on the use of digital brand promotion technologies.Methodology. The paper uses the method of theoretical analysis, the method of classification, synthesis, deduction and induction. The following practical research methods are used: observation method, analysis of collected data, description, economic analysis, comparison method, systematic approach. The applied empirical research methods include: choosing a platform for posting content, ways and channels of influencing the consumer audience of an Internet resource. The results. The elements of an innovative approach to the organization of an enterprise's activities based on the use of digital brand promotion technologies are revealed: the procedure for analyzing content and determining its compliance with the target audience; segments of the target audience for interaction in the process of brand promotion; main and additional promotion channels; options for creating a communication strategy; metrics used to assess the effectiveness of a brand promotion strategy. The stages of digital content creation are highlighted and the author's recommendations for their improvement are proposed.Conclusions. An innovative approach to brand promotion using digital promotion technologies is presented, the uniqueness of which consists in the use of updated basic elements and digital tools at each stage of the strategy, allowing to increase the adaptability of the enterprise to changing environmental conditions.

The relevance of the study lies in the need to assess the capabilities of the BRICS and G7 international alliances in the context of increasing uncertainty and shifting centers of global leadership. The purpose of the study is to conduct a comprehensive comparative analysis of the BRICS and G7 countries' scientific, educational and digital capabilities to determine the prospects of the impact of the two international alliances on the development of the global economy.Objectives: to study the indicators of the BRICS and G7 countries' scientific and educational potential; to study the components of the BRICS and G7 countries' digital potential; to substantiate the tools for expanding the scientific, educational and digital potential of the countries to strengthen the BRICS position in the global economy.Methodology. The study is based on the use of methods of statistical information collection, comparative and economic analysis, systematization, and the graphical method.Results. The analysis of indicators of the BRICS and G7 countries' scientific and educational potential shows, on the one hand, the advantage of the alliance of developed G7 countries and, on the other hand, the clear leadership potential of China, Russia and Brazil in various groups of indicators, which determines the probability of strengthening the positions of these countries and the entire BRICS alliance in the implementation of an active government policy in the field of education and science. The current gap between the BRICS alliance and the G7 countries in terms of digital capacity has narrowed during the pandemic, which creates the preconditions for developing countries to strengthen and achieve digital leadership in the world.Conclusions. It is concluded that the strengthening of the BRICS countries' position on the world stage in terms of GDP over the past 10 years, as well as the presence of strong elements of scientific, educational and digital potential of individual countries of this alliance, and their strengthening during the pandemic have formed the prerequisites for the alliance to take leadership positions in the near future.

Using a mathematical statistics approach, we review the procedure for type classification of acoustic emission (AE) events into shear, tension, and collapse, proposed by Zang et al. (1998). The procedure is based on counting the signs of first pulses of waves arriving at acoustic sensors and is widely used in rock physics experiments. Under the assumption that the determination errors of first-pulse signs at sensors have uniform and independent distribution, the statistical significance and power of the type separation test are evaluated for a given number of sensors used. We consider and compare three methods of the construction of a statistical test based on the P-value approach and symmetric and asymmetric statistical hypothesis tests. Considering the results of the statistical study, we propose some practical recommendations for selecting a threshold to classify AE event types in experimental studies.

Laboratory experiments on studying the aftershock regime are carried out with sandstone specimens under different axial loading and uniform compression and constant pore pressure. The aftershock sequences are modeled by the scenario of stepwise increasing axial loading of a specimen with strain control ensuring regular generation of aftershock sequences. The experiments are conducted on intact specimens and on the specimens with preliminarily formed shear macrofractures simulating natural faults. The experiments were conducted with multichannel recording of the acoustic emission (AE) signals which made it possible to locate the AE sources. Several types of the dependence of the acoustic activity relaxation parameters (parameters p and c of the modified Omori law and the Gutenberg–Richter b-value) on the level of acting stresses are revealed. The b-value decreases with the growth of axial stresses at all levels of uniform compression. In the case of fracture on the preexisting fault, the Omori relaxation parameter p increases with the growth of axial stresses whereas parameter c (the time delay before the onset of relaxation) decreases with the growth of axial stresses and increases with the rise of the level of uniform compression. In the case of a fracture of an undamaged specimen, parameter p remains unchanged as the axial stresses grow, whereas parameter c increases slightly. Parameter variations in the case of a complex stress state with both varying deviatoric (differential stresses) and spherical parts (effective pressure) of the stress tensor take on a unified form when expressed in terms of Coulomb stresses. It is hypothesized that the time delay of the aftershock activity relaxation is determined by the kinetics of fracture in accordance with the kinetic concept of strength in solids. This hypothesis is supported by exponential dependence of parameter c on stresses and on the effective strength of the medium revealed in the experiments. Under this hypothesis, the dependences of parameter c on the Coulomb stresses can be unified for different effective strength values with the use of Zhurkov's formula for durability of materials. The obtained parameter estimates for the dependence of c on strength and stresses suggest that the c value is determined by the difference of the strength and the acting stresses, indicating how far the stress state of the medium is from the critical state corresponding to the ultimate strength.