Suchergebnisse

International migration issue is acknowledged by the world society to be one of the most important social aspects. The securitization of migration is a comparatively new process, which can lead to the significant changes in the sphere of social politics of the state, in the norms, laws, sanctions and methods, which are employed by the states in order to regulate migration movement. Studying of the process of the securitization of migration can possibly contribute to the working out of the adequate measures to cope with the challenges, which arise because of securitization process. In the realities of globalized world immigrants face qualitatively other difficulties, rather than strict boundaries and inflexibility. Now they sometimes face the problem, which can be characterized as the creating of the image of "migrant-enemy" in the host societies and the inclination of some governments to place migration issues in the security context, and to make immigrants be seen as a threat to the integrity and the welfare of the state. Presented thesis is devoted to the issue of immigration in the context of security, and practices that function in this sphere in Sweden. In the thesis the claim is made that immigration in Sweden is taken in terms of securitization process. Therefore, with the help of speech act theory and rhetoric the analysis of the immigration issue presented mostly in manifests, official programmes of the parties presented in the Swedish Parliament (ruling coalition and opposition), including the speeches of the leaders of the parties, who are very influential people, with a high level of authority, charisma and support of the Swedish population is made. Some attention is also payed to the sphere of social politics of Sweden, where the recent actions of the ruling coalition in the sphere of immigration regulations are scrutinized and placed either to the sphere of the political or security sphere with the possibility of emergency measures application. The result of this analysis shows that certain securitizing moves, which have place in the country may easily lead to the successful execution of a securitization of migration process, for example, by the activists of the right-wing ruling party, or the representatives of the radical ultra-right party, who are already elected to some of the local legislature bodies, as securitizing actor.

The article is devoted to topical issues of socio-economic development of regions through decentralization of financial resources ion terms of reallocation of tax revenue. The methodical approach to modeling scenarios of adjusting the tax component of the regional fiscal policy, which consists of five interrelated sequential steps: setting goals; building a model of adjusting the tax component of the regional fiscal policy; identifying the impact of the factors on developing the financial self-sufficiency of regional development; identifying scenarios of tax revenue reallocation between the budgets of different levels; recording potential risks; developing performance criteria for financial resource decentralization and checking scenarios for their compliance; modeling scenarios; selection of the most rational scenario in accordance with economic, social, and organizational effectiveness. In order to identify the most effective options of adjusting the tax component of the regional fiscal policy the article considers four possible scenario variants: the scenario for 2011-2014 years; the governmental scenario for 2015; two scenarios proposed by the authors in terms of securing a share of national taxes to local budgets. For each scenario it considers the risks and the related losses of budgetary funds: temporary, transactional and corruption risks. To model the scenarios, a simulation model of the regional financial resources dynamics using the example of the local budget of Kharkov in the Vensim medium has been built. Modelling the proposed scenario variants has shown deterioration in the scenario 2 of both the budget dependence coefficient and the level of the budget balance in comparison with the pre-existing conditions in 2014. Improvement in the budget dependence indicator and the balance as compared with the retrospective period is achieved in the fourth scenario under consideration. At that, there is a reduction of the volume and the share of the intra-budget transfers and related losses. Legislative recognition of responsibility for implementing reallocated functions will allow to increase their efficiency. ; Статья посвящена актуальным вопросам обеспечения социально-экономического развития регионов путем децентрализации финансовых ресурсов на основе перераспределения налоговых поступлений. Разработан методический подход к моделированию сценариев корректировки налоговой составляющей региональной фискальной политики, который включает несколько взаимосвязанных последовательных этапов: постановка цели; построение модели корректировки налоговой составляющей региональной фискальной политики; установление влияния факторов на формирование финансовой самодостаточности регионального развития; определение сценариев перераспределения налоговых поступлений между бюджетами разных уровней; учет потенциальных рисков; формирование критериев эффективности децентрализации финансовых ресурсов и проверка сценариев на соответствие им; моделирование сценариев; выбор наиболее рационального сценария в соответствии с экономической, социальной и организационной эффективностью. С целью выявления наиболее эффективных вариантов корректировки налоговой составляющей региональной фискальной политики рассмотрены четыре варианта сценария (механизмы изменения налогового и бюджетного кодексов Украины на 2011-2014 гг.; предложения правительства на 2015 г.; два авторских сценария, предложенных в части закрепления доли общегосударственных налогов за местными бюджетами). По каждому из них учитывались временные, трансакционные и коррупционные риски и потери бюджетных средств. Для моделирования сценариев построена имитационная модель динамики финансовых ресурсов региона на примере местного бюджета г. Харькова в среде Vensim. Моделирование предложенных вариантов сценариев показало, что в правительственном сценарии коэффициент бюджетной зависимости, и уровень сбалансированности бюджета ухудшаются по сравнению с условиями, действовавшими до 2014 г. Их улучшение по сравнению с ретроспективным периодом достигается в одном из авторских сценариев, при этом происходит сокращение объема и доли межбюджетных трансфертов и связанных с ними потерь. Законодательное закрепление ответственности за выполнение перераспределенных функций позволит повысить их эффективность.

This paper investigates the psychology of change management involving a technological change in the educational organization and the administrative and teaching staff. In particular, the paper delineates the staff's psychological experience regarding the incorporation of pedagogical and educational technologies. In this regard, this article provides theoretical support based on the stimulus-organism-response theory, technological self-efficacy, and technological acceptance model and develops a theoretical model. A quantitative approach was applied to test the model, and research assumptions were drawn from the aforementioned theories. Particularly, disruptive statistics and correlation analysis were employed to test the assumption empirically by collecting data from 500 staff members. The research results highlight that a psychological response serves as the antecedent of the effectiveness of pedagogical and educational technologies, whereby the positive psychological responses (happiness, inspiration, or drive) would increase the effectiveness, while the negative psychological responses (anxiety, stress, and discomfort) would decrease it. This psychological response depends on the perceived self-efficacy and perceived ease of use of the staff, whose lower levels of the two raise the negative psychological response. Generally, to increase the effectiveness of pedagogical and educational technologies, it is essential to effectively manage the psychological well-being of the staff by reducing their negative psychological responses and developing their technological competence (self-efficacy and ability to use with ease). Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2023-SIED2-05 Full Text: PDF