Suchergebnisse

The hypopharyngeal gland (HG), along with the mandibular gland from Apis mellifera workers plays a fundamental role on the development of the hive. The protein based substances produced by the hypopharyngeal and mandibular glands are two important component of the royal jelly, which is responsible for caste differentiation and used to feed larvae, drones and the queen. Several factors may alter the physiology of glandular structures in honeybees and consequently their role within the beehive, and one of the most important factors is their nutritional status. However, few studies have evaluated the development of HG against different diets on Africanized honeybees. Our experiment was composed of four diets (treatments) offered to different groups of workers: (T1) honey, (T2) honey + soybean extract, (T3) honey + pollen and (T4) sucrose solution. The development of the glands was evaluated in two periods: 7 and 10 days of exposure to the diet types. According to the results, an interference of the diet on the acini area of the HG was observed. Bees that were fed with the sucrose solution or soybean extract presented the smallest acini areas as compared to the other treatments. The time of exposure to the different types of diets also had an effect on acini areas. Worker bees fed with honey and soybean extract for 10 days presented smaller acini areas when compared to bees dissected at the 7th day of exposure to those same diet types. Nevertheless, we also observed that factors other than just nutrition are important to the full development of the HG, such as the stimulus promoted by the young breeds.

Resumo O presente trabalho versa sobre a presença do saber medicalizante nas escolas públicas municipais de Florianópolis (SC). Ao problematizar a medicalização da educação formal, nos perguntamos sobre as consequências para o (in)sucesso escolar da(o) aluna(o) e a sua função ideológica que tende a ocultar a escola como reprodutora das desigualdades sociais. Demarcada no campo da sociologia da educação, esta pesquisa assume uma perspectiva quanti-quali, partindo do estudo da produção acadêmica relacionada ao fenômeno e das políticas educacionais e de saúde sobre práticas (não) medicalizantes para, em seguida, proceder ao "[...] estudo concreto dos contextos singulares de acção [...]" (SARMENTO, 2011, p. 4), com utilização de procedimentos de base empírica. Neste ensaio pretende-se refletir sobre a problematização do conceito de medicalização como instrumental para a pesquisa, a partir da concepção teórico-metodológica sartreana no campo da sociologia da educação. Por fim, analisamos aspectos da pesquisa sociológica sobre o tema da medicalização, constatando crescente interesse no campo escolar, bem como uma demarcação da abordagem sócio-histórica e relacionada a antipsiquiatria.

The mite Varroa destructor is one of the most studied parasites in apiculture, and its genotype variation is a key factor for the severity of infestation in bee colonies. Here we report the genetic and reproductive profile of mites from 14 Brazilian states with different geographic and climatic conditions. We performed PCR to amplify a fragment of the COI gene and differentiate the haplotypes using restriction enzymes. The K haplotype was widely prevalent in the studied sites, while the J haplotype was found only in four municipalities. We also observed both haplotypes (J and K) coexisting in the same colony, a fact unprecedented in Brazil. Infestation levels were low (0.33 to 15.3%). The reproductive potential showed wide variation (0 to 1.5), indicating that even with the massive presence of K haplotype, environmental and biotic factors related to Africanized honeybees may be responsible for maintaining the mite under low levels in Brazil.