Suchergebnisse

Silkworm was used in the sericulture industry and also processed for food sources in some of Asian countries. In previous studies, it was reported that the 30K protein in silkworm, Bombyx mori hemolymph inhibited animal cell apoptosis. In this work, the antioxidative function of silkworm hemolymph was investigated using its protein-free extract. H2O2-induced ROS and O-2(center dot-) were efficiently scavenged in Chinese hamster ovary cells when the culture medium was supplemented with silkworm hemolymph. The hemolymph extract prepared by deproteinization through ethanol precipitation completely scavenged DPPH radicals (IC50 = 0.025 mg/mL). When the extract was supplemented with protein-free medium, oxidative damage to mitochondria was efficiently diminished with the maintenance of the mitochondrial membrane potential. Lutein was identified as the major antioxidative constituents in the extract (52.06 mu g/mg). ; This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the government of Korea (MEST) (No. 2012- 0003614, NRF-2011-32A-B00239) and by a grant of the Korea Healthcare Technology R&D Project, Ministry of Health & Welfare, Republic of Korea. (Grant No. A103017). This research was also supported by the Public Welfare & Safety research program through NRF funded by MEST (Grant No. 2012-0006564) and 2012 research fund of Myongji University. ; OAIID:oai:osos.snu.ac.kr:snu2013-01/102/0000002410/5 ; SEQ:5 ; PERF_CD:SNU2013-01 ; EVAL_ITEM_CD:102 ; USER_ID:0000002410 ; ADJUST_YN:Y ; EMP_ID:A002014 ; DEPT_CD:458 ; CITE_RATE:.493 ; FILENAME:antioxidant effect of protein-free silkworm.pdf ; DEPT_NM:화학생물공학부 ; EMAIL:thpark@snu.ac.kr ; SCOPUS_YN:Y ; CONFIRM:Y

Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) is a powerful technique for measuring molecular interaction in real-time. SPR can be used to detect molecule to cell interactions as well as molecule to molecule interactions. In this study, the SPR-based biosensing technique was applied to real-time monitoring of odorant-induced cellular reactions. An olfactory receptor, OR I7, was fused with a rho-tag import sequence at the N-terminus of OR I7, and expressed on the surface of human embryonic kidney (HEK)-293 cells. These cells were then immobilized on a SPR sensor chip. The intensity of the SPR response was linearly dependent on the amount of injected odorant. Among all the aldehyde containing odorants tested, the SPR response was specifically high for octanal, which is the known cognate odorant for the OR I7. This SPR response is believed to have resulted from intracellular signaling triggered by the binding of odorant molecules to the olfactory receptors expressed on the cell surface. This SPR system combined with olfactory receptor-expressed cells provides a new olfactory biosensor system for selective and quantitative detection of volatile compounds. ; This work was supported by the Korea Science and Engineering Foundation (KOSEF) grant funded by the Korea government (MEST) (No. 2009-0080242). The authors wish to acknowledge Dr. Randall R. Reed (Department of Neurosceince, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, U.S.A.) for the rho-tag gene; Akihito Yasuoka (Bio-oriented Technology Reseach Advancement Institution, Saitama, Japan) for the pVL-I7 and Paul A. Gargrave (J. Hillis Miller Health Center, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, U.S.A.) for the B6-30 cell line.

Olfactory receptors pertaining to G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) are integral membrane proteins composed of seven transmembrane spanning domains. It has been reported that these receptor proteins are difficult to overexpress, solubilize, and purify because of their complicated structures and strong hydrophobicity. In this study, full-length human olfactory receptor (hOR) 2AG1 was overexpressed in E. coli as a fusion protein with a glutathione S-transferase (GST) tag mainly as an inclusion body without any mutations or deletions in the gene. This protein was difficult to solubilize with detergents and chaotropic agents, and only N-lauroyl sarcosine was found to be suitable for solubilizing it. In contrast, Trition X-100 was found to solubilize most of the impurity proteins from the insoluble fraction in E. coli. Based on this observation, we applied a simple and efficient column-free method using these two detergents for the purification of the olfactory receptor protein. In this method, the insoluble fraction of the cell lysate was first treated with Triton X-100 to remove impurity proteins. The remaining insoluble fraction was then further treated with N-lauroyl sarcosine to solubilize the olfactory receptor protein. Milligram quantity of the human olfactory receptor was produced. This is the first report to produce full-length of the olfactory receptor from E. coli. ; This work was supported by the Korea Science and Engineering Foundation (KOSEF) grant funded by the Korea government (MEST) (No. 2009-0080242). This work was also partially supported by the System 2010 program of the Ministry of Knowledge Economy.

A common problem with the in vivo therapeutic applications of cells is that cells can rapidly disappear into the circulatory system after an injection. Magnetic nanoparticles can be used to solve this problem. Bacterial magnetic nanoparticles were used in this study for targeting stem cells at a specific location within a microfluidic channel. Magnetic nanoparticles were isolated from Magnetospirillum sp. AMB-1 and delivered to endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs). Cellular uptake of magnetic nanoparticles and their functional feasibility was characterized in vitro. The environment of a human blood vessel was simulated using a microfluidic channel. Magnetic nanoparticle-incorporated EPCs were injected into a microchannel and the flow rate of cells was uniformly controlled by use of a syringe pump. EPCs were effectively targeted to a specific location within the microchannel by an external magnetic field (about 400 mT). About 40% of EPCs were efficiently targeted with a flow rate of 5 μl min−1 when 10 μg of magnetic nanoparticles were used per 104 cells. This microfluidic system provides a useful tool towards a better understanding of the behavior of magnetic nanoparticle-incorporated cells within the human circulatory system for clinical use. ; This work was supported by a grant from the Innovative Research Institute for Cell Therapy (No. A06-2260- B81505-06N1-15010A). J. A. Kim acknowledges the Seoul Science Fellowship supported by Seoul Metropolitan Government.

Silkworm hemolymph (SH) was found to exhibit anti-apoptotic activities in mammalian and insect cell systems. An anti-apoptotic mechanism of SH was investigated in a staurosporine-induced HeLa cell using flow cytometry, caspase assay, Immunoblot, and Immunochemistry. The addition of 5%SH to the medium resulted in lower intracellular activities of caspase-3 and caspase-9 after 0.6 mu M of staurosporine treatment; however, SH did not directly inhibit the activities of those enzymes. This suggests SH inhibits the event upstream of these caspase activation steps, such as mitochondrial level events. We found from Immunoblot and Immunochemistry that cytochrome c release from the mitochondria was blocked by SH. SH also inhibited Bax translocation to the mitochondria. On the contrary, SH did not block the apoptosis when Bax is not involved in promoting apoptosis. With these results, we propose that SH protects mitochondria from apoptosis signal via blocking Bax translocation, and the subsequent apoptotic events are then inhibited. The inhibition of apoptosis using SH and its components may lead to new approaches for the minimization of cell death during commercial animal cell cultures. ; This work was supported by the Pioneer Research Program, the Bio & Medical Technology Development Program, and WCU program, through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Korean government (MEST) (No. 20120001020, 2012050100, R322012000102130). This work was supported by the Incheon National University Research Grant in 2012. ; OAIID:oai:osos.snu.ac.kr:snu2013-01/102/0000002410/13 ; SEQ:13 ; PERF_CD:SNU2013-01 ; EVAL_ITEM_CD:102 ; USER_ID:0000002410 ; ADJUST_YN:Y ; EMP_ID:A002014 ; DEPT_CD:458 ; CITE_RATE:2.414 ; FILENAME:13. (2013.09) anti-apoptotic mechanism of silkworm hemolymph in.pdf ; DEPT_NM:화학생물공학부 ; EMAIL:thpark@snu.ac.kr ; SCOPUS_YN:Y ; CONFIRM:Y

In previous studies, we reported that the 3019 protein originating from the silkworm inhibited apoptosis in mammalian cells. In this work, we demonstrated that the 30Kc19 protein, which is most abundant 30K protein in silkworm hemolymph, also enhanced enzyme stability. When the recombinant 30Kc19 protein was supplemented into distilled-deionized water containing alkaline phosphatase or horseradish peroxidase, deactivation of both enzymes induced by non-buffered DDW was significantly suppressed. The increase in enzyme stability due to the presence of 30Kc19 was similar to that observed for bovine serum albumin, which is commonly used in conventional enzyme reactions. The decrease in enzyme activity due to long-term storage in different buffer systems was also inhibited by 30Kc19. The 30Kc19 protein structure was shown to play a vital role in stabilizing the enzyme. These results imply that the recombinant 30Kc19 protein hold promise for use as an additive to increase or maintain enzyme activity. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. ; This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (MEST) (No. 2010K001137, 2010-0000825, 2010-0020821). This work was also supported by WCU (World Class University) program through the Korea Science and Engineering Foundation funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (R32-2010-000-10213-0). ; OAIID:oai:osos.snu.ac.kr:snu2012-01/102/0000002410/1 ; SEQ:1 ; PERF_CD:SNU2012-01 ; EVAL_ITEM_CD:102 ; USER_ID:0000002410 ; ADJUST_YN:Y ; EMP_ID:A002014 ; DEPT_CD:458 ; CITE_RATE:2.414 ; FILENAME:Stabilization of enzymes by the recombinant 30Kc19 protein.pdf ; DEPT_NM:화학생물공학부 ; EMAIL:thpark@snu.ac.kr ; SCOPUS_YN:Y ; CONFIRM:Y

The importance of creating a three-dimensional (3-D) multicellular spheroid has recently been gaining attention due to the limitations of monolayer cell culture to precisely mimic in vivo structure and cellular interactions. Due to this emerging interest, researchers have utilized new tools, such as microfluidic devices, that allow high-throughput and precise size control to produce multicellular spheroids. We have developed a droplet-based microfluidic system that can encapsulate both cells and magnetic nanoparticles within alginate beads to mimic the function of a multicellular tumor spheroid. Cells were entrapped within the alginate beads along with magnetic nanoparticles, and the beads of a relatively uniform size (diameters of 85% of the beads were 170-190 mu m) were formed in the oil phase. These beads were passed through parallel streamlines of oil and culture medium, where the beads were magnetically transferred into the medium phase from the oil phase using an external magnetic force. This microfluidic chip eliminates additional steps for collecting the spheroids from the oil phase and transferring them to culture medium. Ultimately, the overall spheroid formation process can be achieved on a single microchip. ; This work was supported by the Pioneer Research Program and the Bio & Medical Technology Development Program, through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF)funded by the Korean government (MEST) (No. 20120001020 and 2012050100). ; OAIID:oai:osos.snu.ac.kr:snu2013-01/102/0000002410/8 ; SEQ:8 ; PERF_CD:SNU2013-01 ; EVAL_ITEM_CD:102 ; USER_ID:0000002410 ; ADJUST_YN:Y ; EMP_ID:A002014 ; DEPT_CD:458 ; CITE_RATE:5.67 ; FILENAME:droplet-based microfluidic system to form and separate.pdf ; DEPT_NM:화학생물공학부 ; EMAIL:thpark@snu.ac.kr ; SCOPUS_YN:Y ; CONFIRM:Y

Macrophages participate in several inflammatory pathologies such as sepsis and arthritis. We investigated the effect of silkworm hemolymph (SH) on the LPS-induced pro-inflammatory macrophages. SH inhibits LPS-induced nitric oxide (NO) production in RAW 264.7 cells and murine peritoneal macrophages. The decreased NO was reflected as a decreased amount of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) mRNA and protein. It was also found that SR inhibited pro-inflammatory cytokines, IL-1 beta, IL-6, and TNF-alpha production. To elucidate the mechanism by which SR inhibits NO production and iNOS expression, we investigated that SR suppressed I kappa B phosphorylation, which leads to the activation of NF-kappa B followed by degradation of I kappa B. This observation suggests that SH is a potential therapeutic modulator for inflammation-associated disorders. ; This work was supported by grants from the Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS) (2007). This work was supported by the Pioneer Research Program and the Bio & Medical Technology Development Program, through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Korean government (MEST) (No. 20120001020 and 2012050100). ; OAIID:oai:osos.snu.ac.kr:snu2013-01/102/0000002410/14 ; SEQ:14 ; PERF_CD:SNU2013-01 ; EVAL_ITEM_CD:102 ; USER_ID:0000002410 ; ADJUST_YN:Y ; EMP_ID:A002014 ; DEPT_CD:458 ; CITE_RATE:1.059 ; FILENAME:14. (2013.09) anti-inflammatory effects of silkworm hemolymph on lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophages.pdf ; DEPT_NM:화학생물공학부 ; EMAIL:thpark@snu.ac.kr ; SCOPUS_YN:Y ; CONFIRM:Y

Molecular computing using programmable nucleic acids has been attracting attention for use in autonomous sensing systems and information processing systems by interacting with a biological environment. Here, we introduce a rule-based in vitro molecular classification system that can classify disease patterns using several microRNA (miRNA) markers via the assembly of programmed DNA strands. The classification rules were derived by analyzing large-scale miRNA expression data obtained from a public database, and the identified rules were converted into DNA sequences. Classification was performed via the detection of miRNA markers in the rules. The classification results were reported as a binary output pattern according to their hybridization to the rule sequences, which can be conveniently visualized using gold nanoparticle aggregation. Our results demonstrate the utility of in vitro molecular classification by illustrating one of the ways in which molecular computing can be used in future biological and medical applications. ; Molecular computing using programmable nucleic acids has been attracting attention for use in autonomous sensing systems and information processing systems by interacting with a biological environment. Here, we introduce a rule-based in vitro molecular classification system that can classify disease patterns using several microRNA (miRNA) markers via the assembly of programmed DNA strands. The classification rules were derived by analyzing large-scale miRNA expression data obtained from a public database, and the identified rules were converted into DNA sequences. Classification was performed via the detection of miRNA markers in the rules. The classification results were reported as a binary output pattern according to their hybridization to the rule sequences, which can be conveniently visualized using gold nanoparticle aggregation. Our results demonstrate the utility of in vitro molecular classification by illustrating one of the ways in which molecular computing can be used in future biological and medical applications. ; This work was supported by NRF(2012-0005643, 2012-0005801) and BK21-IT. KAY was supported by the Korea Research Foundation Grant funded by the Korean Government (MOEHRD) (KRF-2008-532-C00031). ; OAIID:oai:osos.snu.ac.kr:snu2013-01/102/0000002410/6 ; SEQ:6 ; PERF_CD:SNU2013-01 ; EVAL_ITEM_CD:102 ; USER_ID:0000002410 ; ADJUST_YN:Y ; EMP_ID:A002014 ; DEPT_CD:458 ; CITE_RATE:.86 ; FILENAME:rule-based in vitro molecular classification.pdf ; DEPT_NM:화학생물공학부 ; EMAIL:thpark@snu.ac.kr ; SCOPUS_YN:Y ; CONFIRM:Y

Molecular beacons are efficient and useful tools for quantitative detection of specific target nucleic acids. Thanks to their simple protocol, molecular beacons have great potential as substrates for biomolecular computing. Here we present a molecular beacon-based biomolecular computing method for quantitative detection and analysis of target nucleic acids. Whereas the conventional quantitative assays using fluorescent dyes have been designed for single target detection or multiplexed detection, the proposed method enables us not only to detect multiple targets but also to compute their quantitative information by weighted-sum of the targets. The detection and computation are performed on a molecular level simultaneously, and the outputs are detected as fluorescence signals. Experimental results show the feasibility and effectiveness of our weighted detection and linear combination method using molecular beacons. Our method can serve as a primitive operation of molecular pattern analysis, and we demonstrate successful binary classifications of molecular patterns made of synthetic oligonucleotide DNA molecules. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. ; This research was supported in part by Molecular Evolutionary Computing (MEC) project of MKE, in part by IT R&D Program of MKE/KEIT (10035348, mLife), in part by NRF grants of MEST (No. 2012-0005643, Videome; No. 2012-0005801, BrainNet), and in part by the BK21-IT program funded by Korean Government (MEST). KAY was supported by the Korea Research Foundation (KRF-2008-532-C00031). The ICT at Seoul National University provided research facilities for this study. ; OAIID:oai:osos.snu.ac.kr:snu2013-01/102/0000002410/3 ; SEQ:3 ; PERF_CD:SNU2013-01 ; EVAL_ITEM_CD:102 ; USER_ID:0000002410 ; ADJUST_YN:Y ; EMP_ID:A002014 ; DEPT_CD:458 ; CITE_RATE:1.784 ; FILENAME:biomolecular computation with.pdf ; DEPT_NM:화학생물공학부 ; EMAIL:thpark@snu.ac.kr ; SCOPUS_YN:Y ; CONFIRM:Y

We developed an olfactory-nanovesicle-fused carbon-nanotube-transistor biosensor (OCB) that mimics the responses of a canine nose for the sensitive and selective detection of hexanal, an indicator of the oxidation of food. OCBs allowed us to detect hexanal down to 1 fM concentration in real-time. Significantly, we demonstrated the detection of hexanal with an excellent selectivity capable of discriminating hexanal from analogous compounds such as pentanal, heptanal, and octanal. Furthermore, we successfully detected hexanal in spoiled milk without any pretreatment processes. Considering these results, our sensor platform should offer a new method for the assessment of food quality and contribute to the development of portable sensing devices. ; This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (MEST) (2011-0000390) and the Conversing Research Center Program (2011K000683). SH acknowledges the support from the NBIT program (2011-00240) and the NRF grant (2011-0020984). THP thanks the support from the NRF grant (no. 2011-0000331, 2011K000682, and 2011-0020984). ; OAIID:oai:osos.snu.ac.kr:snu2012-01/102/0000002410/12 ; SEQ:12 ; PERF_CD:SNU2012-01 ; EVAL_ITEM_CD:102 ; USER_ID:0000002410 ; ADJUST_YN:Y ; EMP_ID:A002014 ; DEPT_CD:458 ; CITE_RATE:4.23 ; DEPT_NM:화학생물공학부 ; EMAIL:thpark@snu.ac.kr ; SCOPUS_YN:N ; CONFIRM:Y

Cell-penetrating protein and its protein transduction domain have been used to deliver drugs and proteins into the cells via receptor-independent endocytosis. A number of cell-penetrating proteins including TAT derived from HIV-1 virus, VP22 from herpes simplex virus and Antennapedia from drosophila have been discovered. Here, we report a cell-penetrating protein, 30Kc19, originating from the hemolymph of silkworm, Bombyx mori. The 30Kc19 is the first cell-penetrating protein that has been found in insect hemolymph. When the 30Kc19 protein produced from recombinant Escherichia coil was supplemented into the medium for mammalian cell culture, 30Kc19 efficiently penetrated into various types of cells and localized at subcellular compartments including mitochondria and cytoplasm. 30Kc19 also delivered cargo proteins such as green fluorescence protein into the cells even though cargo proteins are not able to penetrate into cells by themselves. In addition to the in vitro system, 30Kc19 exhibited the protein transduction property in vivo. When 30Kc19 was intraperitoneally injected into mice, 30Kc19 delivered cargo proteins into various organ tissues of model animals without producing toxicity. Therefore, 30Kc19 has a great potential as a cell-penetrating protein that can be used as a medicinal tool to deliver cargo molecules including proteins into the target organ tissues in the body. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. ; This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the government of Korea (MEST) (No. 2012K0001365, 2012-0000144, 20110020984, 2010-0002520) and by a grant of the Korea Healthcare technology R&D Project, Ministry of Health & Welfare, Republic of Korea. (Grant No. A103017). This work was also supported by the Pioneer Research Program (No. 2012-0001020) and WCU (World Class University) Program (R32-2011-000-10213-0) through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Ministry of Education, Science, and Technology (MEST). ; OAIID:oai:osos.snu.ac.kr:snu2012-01/102/0000002410/15 ; SEQ:15 ; PERF_CD:SNU2012-01 ; EVAL_ITEM_CD:102 ; USER_ID:0000002410 ; ADJUST_YN:Y ; EMP_ID:A002014 ; DEPT_CD:458 ; CITE_RATE:7.404 ; FILENAME:(2012.12) A protein delivery system using 30Kc19 cell-penetrating protein originating from.pdf ; DEPT_NM:화학생물공학부 ; EMAIL:thpark@snu.ac.kr ; SCOPUS_YN:Y ; CONFIRM:Y

Various attempts have been made to develop three-dimensional (3-D) cell culture methods because 3-D cells mimic the structures and functional properties of real tissue compared with those of monolayer cultures. Here, we report on a highly simple and efficient 3-D spheroid generation method based on a magnetic pin-array system to concentrate magnetic nanoparticle-incorporated cells in a focal direction. This system was comprised only of external magnets and magnetically induced iron pins to generate a concentrated magnetic field for attracting cells in a focused direction. 3-D spheroid generation was achieved simply by adding magnetic nanoparticle-incorporated cells into a well and covering the plate with a magnetic lid. Cell clustering occurred rapidly within 5 min and created more compact cells with time through the focused magnetic force. This system ensured not only reproducible and size-controlled generation of spheroids but also versatile types of spheroids such as random mixed, core-shell, and fused spheroids, providing a very useful tool for various biological applications. ; This work was supported by the Pioneer Research Program and the Bio & Medical Technology Development Program, through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by Korean Government (MEST) (No. 20120001020 and 2012050100). ; OAIID:oai:osos.snu.ac.kr:snu2013-01/102/0000002410/15 ; SEQ:15 ; PERF_CD:SNU2013-01 ; EVAL_ITEM_CD:102 ; USER_ID:0000002410 ; ADJUST_YN:Y ; EMP_ID:A002014 ; DEPT_CD:458 ; CITE_RATE:7.604 ; FILENAME:15. (2013.11) high-throughput generation of spheroids using magnetic.pdf ; DEPT_NM:화학생물공학부 ; EMAIL:thpark@snu.ac.kr ; SCOPUS_YN:Y ; CONFIRM:Y

Sensing smell is a highly complex biological process, and characterizing and mimicking the interaction between the olfactory receptor (OR) protein and its ligands is extremely challenging. Herein, we report a highly sensitive and selective human nose-like nanobioelectronic nose (nbe-nose), which responds to gaseous odorants sensitively and selectively, has a signal specificity pattern similar to that in the cellular signal transduction pathway, and maintains an antagonistic behavior similar to the human nose. The human olfaction mechanism was mimicked by using carboxylated polypyrrole nanotubes (CPNTs) functionalized with human OR protein. The nbe-nose was able to detect gaseous odorants at a concentration as low as 0.02 parts-per-trillion (ppt), which was comparable to a highly trained, human expert's nose. The nbe-nose can be used scientifically for smell mechanism studies. It can be also applied to various fields that rely on smell monitoring for industrial and public purposes. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. ; This work was supported by a National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (MEST) (No. 2011-0000331, No. 2011K000682, No. 2011-0020984). This research was supported by the WCU (World Class University) program through the NRF, funded by the MEST (R31-10013), and funded by an NRF grant through the Korean government (MEST) (No. 2011-0017125). ; OAIID:oai:osos.snu.ac.kr:snu2012-01/102/0000002410/2 ; SEQ:2 ; PERF_CD:SNU2012-01 ; EVAL_ITEM_CD:102 ; USER_ID:0000002410 ; ADJUST_YN:Y ; EMP_ID:A002014 ; DEPT_CD:458 ; CITE_RATE:7.404 ; FILENAME:Mimicking the human smell sensing mechanism with an artificial nose platform.pdf ; DEPT_NM:화학생물공학부 ; EMAIL:thpark@snu.ac.kr ; SCOPUS_YN:Y ; CONFIRM:Y

In this study, we developed a human taste receptor protein, hTAS2R38-functionalized carboxylated polypyrrole nanotube (CPNT)-field effect transistor (PET) as a nanobioelectronic tongue (nbe-tongue) that displayed human-like performance with high sensitivity and selectivity. Taster type (PAV) and nontaster type (AVI) hTAS2R38s were expressed in Escherichia coli (E. coli) at a high level and immobilized on a CPNT-FET sensor platform. Among the various tastants examined, PAV-CPNT-FET exclusively responded to target bitterness compounds, phenylthiocarbamide (PTC) and propylthiouracil (PROP), with high sensitivity at concentrations as low as 1 fM. However, no significant changes were observed in the AVI-CPNT-FET in response to the target bitter tastants. This nbe-tongue exhibited different bitter-taste perception of compounds containing thiourea (N-C=S) moieties such as PTC, PROP, and antithyroid toxin in vegetables, which corresponded to the haplotype of hTAS2R38 immobilized on CPNTs. This correlation with the type of receptor is very similar to the human taste system. Thus, the artificial taste sensor developed in this study allowed for the efficient detection of target tastants in mixture and real food sample with a human-like performance and high sensitivity. Furthermore, our nbe-tongue could be utilized as a substitute for cell-based assays and to better understand the mechanisms of human taste. ; This work was supported by a National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (MEST) (Grant Nos. 2012-0000144, 2012K001365, 2012-0006564). This research was supported by the WCU (World Class University) program through the NRF, funded by the MEST (R31-10013), and funded by an NRF grant through the Korean government (MEST) (No. 2011-0017125). ; OAIID:oai:osos.snu.ac.kr:snu2013-01/102/0000002410/4 ; SEQ:4 ; PERF_CD:SNU2013-01 ; EVAL_ITEM_CD:102 ; USER_ID:0000002410 ; ADJUST_YN:Y ; EMP_ID:A002014 ; DEPT_CD:458 ; CITE_RATE:13.198 ; FILENAME:human taste receptor-functionalized.pdf ; DEPT_NM:화학생물공학부 ; EMAIL:thpark@snu.ac.kr ; SCOPUS_YN:Y ; CONFIRM:Y