Suchergebnisse

The WHO and UNICEF launched The Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative (BFHI) in 1991 with the goal of promoting breastfeeding. Four years later, this initiative was adopted in Serbia (then Yugoslavia). Although Serbia has officially been a part of the BFHI for over 26 years, less than 13% of children are currently exclusively breastfed for the first 6 months of life. Drawing on interviews, observations and document review, this chapter offers ethnographic insight into why the BFHI in Serbia has met with little success. I argue that the principles and practices of the initiative to promote breastfeeding have been both thinly learned and thinly applied by healthcare workers and therefore have had little positive impact on women's empowerment to breastfeed or the rates of breastfeeding in the country. I show how the global Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative implemented in Serbia in the early 1990s and the national level policies which renewed it in 2018 were severely constrained by social, political and economic conditions that hindered the uptake of the program by frontline health workers – namely the devastating effects of the civil war and international sanctions in the 1990s, and the deleterious effects of IMF policies on the Serbian healthcare system since the 2000s. The pressure of time due to high workloads, and understaffed hospitals, in combination with unsustainable national funds for implementation may contribute to the reality of the thin implementation of BFHI.

The Anthropocene refers to the geological era in which man - anthropos - has become a geophysical force transforming the biosphere. This period is marked by a lack of compassion and understanding of our environments - a total detachment from our biospheric reality. If care is everything we do to repair and maintain this world, what does this process entail in the Anthropocene? This paper addresses the importance of taking care seriously. We look at care in the Anthropocene and its interconnections with the notions of vulnerability and compassion from both a philosophical and anthropological perspective.

The emergence of crowdfunding as a means to gather financial support for
medical expenses has become a global phenomenon. As the prevalence of
medical crowdfunding increases within regional contexts, including in
Serbia, this article aims to offer a framework for understanding this
phenomenon and its ramifications. Drawing upon a review of literature and
research mostly pertaining to Anglo-Saxon crowdfunding practices, we contend
that the proliferation of medical crowdfunding, which is facilitated by
technological advancements, signifies inherent deficiencies within
healthcare systems, exacerbated by the erosion of the welfare state. While
addressing immediate financial exigencies for some individuals, this
practice engenders substantial social, political, and ethical dilemmas.
Structured into three sections, the article contextualizes the catalysts
propelling the emergence of medical crowdfunding, notably the
transformations in welfare regimes. Subsequently, it delves into the
opportunities and challenges presented by crowdfunding for medical expenses,
while the third section delineates the implications for healthcare systems
and policies, underscoring the necessity for research elucidating medical
crowdfunding within the contexts of post-socialist countries.

The aim of this review was to systematically identify, analyze, and summarize research involving interventions based on sensory integration and activities that promote sensory integration in children with ASD. Based on the selection criteria ten out of thirty studies were selected and described in terms of: a) participant characteristics, b) assessments used in the studies, c) intervention procedures, d) study goals, e) intervention outcomes and whether or not there was improvement in behavior or clinical conditions. The results of the analyzed studies indicate a remarkable heterogeneity profile of sensory function in children with ASD, which affect the applicability of different forms of treatment. Based on the results of these studies, we can conclude that treatments based on SI theory can reduce stereotypical, aggressive, auto-aggressive, irritable, and hyperactive behavior, as well as improve self-regulation of behavior.