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Cet article examine la place et le rôle de la circulation non marchande de biens et de services dans les zones rurales du nord du Viêt Nam. Il est généralement considéré dans la littérature scientifique que, dans les sociétés industrielles, le développement de l'État, du salariat et du marché a relégué la circulation non marchande à une place secondaire, voire résiduelle, dans la reproduction sociale et économique de la société. Or le cas vietnamien indique que, depuis l'ouverture à l'économie de marché, les flux sont fréquents et intenses, les sommes qui circulent sont substantielles et le dispositif remplit des fonctions sociales et économiques importantes. Ces éléments se combinent pour attribuer à la circulation non marchande une place centrale dans le fonctionnement des sociétés locales.

This article proposes to describe and analyze a central emic notion of contemporary Vietnamese society, the tình cảm, which refer to the emotional charge involved in a relationship. This affect is described through the lens of the flow of ceremonial gifts which constitute one of the principal means of expressing tình cảm in northern rural Vietnam. By testing the Spinozist approach of Lordon in The Society of Affects (2013), this paper shows how tình cảm are expressed, how they are a driver of social action and in which social structures they are produced.

International audience ; This paper examines social changes currently underway in a Tày commune in the Lào Cai province through the lens of the balance between State interventions in social practices and the responses of the local population. The author compares empirical facts with the three interpretations of State-Society relationships conceptualized by Benedict Kerkvliet. This study focuses on the way the national policies of "establishing a civilized way of life" are implemented by the local authorities and then adopted, assimilated and changed by the local population. The first part introduces the principles, objectives and rationale behind these policies from a historical perspective, beginning at the national level and ending at the local one. The second part gives details on the content of the reform with respect to weddings, funerals and festivals, as implemented in the commune studied. The last part aims to illustrate, through a specific case study of a wedding, how these policies are implemented, focusing particularly on the responses of the local population. This case study cross-checked with others allows the identification of three main ways of receiving external influences : passive resistance by maintaining prohibited practices and norms ; a combination of endogenous and exogenous elements ; a pragmatic assimilation. Finally, this study shows that the social change operates through a dialectic between State interventions, which entail assimilation, and local cultural reinventions. ; Cet article vise à comprendre certaines modalités du changement social actuel dans une commune tày de la province de Lào Cai à travers la tension entre les interventions de l'État sur les pratiques de sociabilité collectives et les réactions des populations locales face à ces interventions. L'auteur opère par ce biais une mise en perspective des faits empiriques avec les trois interprétations des rapports État-société conceptualisées par Benedict Kerkvliet. L'étude se concentre sur la manière dont les politiques ...

International audience ; This paper examines social changes currently underway in a Tày commune in the Lào Cai province through the lens of the balance between State interventions in social practices and the responses of the local population. The author compares empirical facts with the three interpretations of State-Society relationships conceptualized by Benedict Kerkvliet. This study focuses on the way the national policies of "establishing a civilized way of life" are implemented by the local authorities and then adopted, assimilated and changed by the local population. The first part introduces the principles, objectives and rationale behind these policies from a historical perspective, beginning at the national level and ending at the local one. The second part gives details on the content of the reform with respect to weddings, funerals and festivals, as implemented in the commune studied. The last part aims to illustrate, through a specific case study of a wedding, how these policies are implemented, focusing particularly on the responses of the local population. This case study cross-checked with others allows the identification of three main ways of receiving external influences : passive resistance by maintaining prohibited practices and norms ; a combination of endogenous and exogenous elements ; a pragmatic assimilation. Finally, this study shows that the social change operates through a dialectic between State interventions, which entail assimilation, and local cultural reinventions. ; Cet article vise à comprendre certaines modalités du changement social actuel dans une commune tày de la province de Lào Cai à travers la tension entre les interventions de l'État sur les pratiques de sociabilité collectives et les réactions des populations locales face à ces interventions. L'auteur opère par ce biais une mise en perspective des faits empiriques avec les trois interprétations des rapports État-société conceptualisées par Benedict Kerkvliet. L'étude se concentre sur la manière dont les politiques ...

International audience This paper examines social changes currently underway in a Tày commune in the Lào Cai province through the lens of the balance between State interventions in social practices and the responses of the local population. The author compares empirical facts with the three interpretations of State-Society relationships conceptualized by Benedict Kerkvliet. This study focuses on the way the national policies of "establishing a civilized way of life" are implemented by the local authorities and then adopted, assimilated and changed by the local population. The first part introduces the principles, objectives and rationale behind these policies from a historical perspective, beginning at the national level and ending at the local one. The second part gives details on the content of the reform with respect to weddings, funerals and festivals, as implemented in the commune studied. The last part aims to illustrate, through a specific case study of a wedding, how these policies are implemented, focusing particularly on the responses of the local population. This case study cross-checked with others allows the identification of three main ways of receiving external influences : passive resistance by maintaining prohibited practices and norms ; a combination of endogenous and exogenous elements ; a pragmatic assimilation. Finally, this study shows that the social change operates through a dialectic between State interventions, which entail assimilation, and local cultural reinventions. ; Cet article vise à comprendre certaines modalités du changement social actuel dans une commune tày de la province de Lào Cai à travers la tension entre les interventions de l'État sur les pratiques de sociabilité collectives et les réactions des populations locales face à ces interventions. L'auteur opère par ce biais une mise en perspective des faits empiriques avec les trois interprétations des rapports État-société conceptualisées par Benedict Kerkvliet. L'étude se concentre sur la manière dont les politiques ...

International audience ; This paper examines social changes currently underway in a Tày commune in the Lào Cai province through the lens of the balance between State interventions in social practices and the responses of the local population. The author compares empirical facts with the three interpretations of State-Society relationships conceptualized by Benedict Kerkvliet. This study focuses on the way the national policies of "establishing a civilized way of life" are implemented by the local authorities and then adopted, assimilated and changed by the local population. The first part introduces the principles, objectives and rationale behind these policies from a historical perspective, beginning at the national level and ending at the local one. The second part gives details on the content of the reform with respect to weddings, funerals and festivals, as implemented in the commune studied. The last part aims to illustrate, through a specific case study of a wedding, how these policies are implemented, focusing particularly on the responses of the local population. This case study cross-checked with others allows the identification of three main ways of receiving external influences : passive resistance by maintaining prohibited practices and norms ; a combination of endogenous and exogenous elements ; a pragmatic assimilation. Finally, this study shows that the social change operates through a dialectic between State interventions, which entail assimilation, and local cultural reinventions. ; Cet article vise à comprendre certaines modalités du changement social actuel dans une commune tày de la province de Lào Cai à travers la tension entre les interventions de l'État sur les pratiques de sociabilité collectives et les réactions des populations locales face à ces interventions. L'auteur opère par ce biais une mise en perspective des faits empiriques avec les trois interprétations des rapports État-société conceptualisées par Benedict Kerkvliet. L'étude se concentre sur la manière dont les politiques ...

International audience ; This paper examines social changes currently underway in a Tày commune in the Lào Cai province through the lens of the balance between State interventions in social practices and the responses of the local population. The author compares empirical facts with the three interpretations of State-Society relationships conceptualized by Benedict Kerkvliet. This study focuses on the way the national policies of "establishing a civilized way of life" are implemented by the local authorities and then adopted, assimilated and changed by the local population. The first part introduces the principles, objectives and rationale behind these policies from a historical perspective, beginning at the national level and ending at the local one. The second part gives details on the content of the reform with respect to weddings, funerals and festivals, as implemented in the commune studied. The last part aims to illustrate, through a specific case study of a wedding, how these policies are implemented, focusing particularly on the responses of the local population. This case study cross-checked with others allows the identification of three main ways of receiving external influences : passive resistance by maintaining prohibited practices and norms ; a combination of endogenous and exogenous elements ; a pragmatic assimilation. Finally, this study shows that the social change operates through a dialectic between State interventions, which entail assimilation, and local cultural reinventions. ; Cet article vise à comprendre certaines modalités du changement social actuel dans une commune tày de la province de Lào Cai à travers la tension entre les interventions de l'État sur les pratiques de sociabilité collectives et les réactions des populations locales face à ces interventions. L'auteur opère par ce biais une mise en perspective des faits empiriques avec les trois interprétations des rapports État-société conceptualisées par Benedict Kerkvliet. L'étude se concentre sur la manière dont les politiques ...

Cette étude ethnographique de la circulation non marchande dans un village du delta du fleuve Rouge (Viêt Nam) consiste à cerner le phénomène dans sa singularité, en cherchant à voir dans quelle mesure les faits empiriques raisonnent avec les théories existantes sur la question. La mise à jour des caractéristiques de ces transferts non marchands donne à voir un système de dons cérémoniels fondé sur l'entraide, la réciprocité des gestes et l'entretien de dettes morales, dont les effets principaux consistent à tisser et entretenir un lien affectif interpersonnel ( quan hẹ tình cảm ). Dans ce contexte, où les sphères de l'État et du marché ne suffisent pas à produire la confiance nécessaire aux échanges ni à réguler les relations, les dons d'alliance – et les relations personnelles affectives qu'ils nourrissent – s'affirment de fait comme un élément pivot du vivre-ensemble dans le Viêt Nam rural.

This paper presents some features of today's Vietnamese agrarian capitalism. Our study focuses on the dairy sector, which has been greatly concerned by private firms' investment and industrialization, in connexion with a dynamic peasant economy. In order to understand competition and complementarities between farmers and private firms in the dairy sector, we analyze 4 types of "social rules" that we discuss in the method section: governance structure, property rights, rules of exchange and corporate control. Our conceptual framework is applied to one of the most dynamic milk shed located in Hanoi city, where we conducted field visits. Our results show that the rise of private capitalist firms results from various economic reforms that have entirely transformed the governance structures of the whole Vietnamese economy. In the production sector, land property rights reforms have secured peasant family farms who remain the main providers of fresh milk, despite the rise of industrial farms set-up by dairy firms. The development of written contracts between companies and farmers, as well as the establishment of quality specifications, tend to make the rules of exchange more formalized. These transformations are part of a gradual change in the conceptions expressed by local stakeholders on the political project related to the sector in favor of capital accumulation in private firms. We observe that those social rules result from power relations, conflicts and alliances between actors. They also are hybridized with surviving interpersonal networks. Balancing the respective roles of farmers and private firms in the emerging market economy requires precautious policy decisions. The future of family farming relies in particular on the governance of land property rights. Farmers' future will also be heavily influenced by their capacity to engage in formalized transactions with processing industries, thereby accepting a kind of disempowerment.

Since the end of 1980s, the liberalization of the Vietnamese economy has led to the rapid emergence of a private dairy sector. This fast development can be understood as a major institutional change from centrally planned and collectivist economy to market economy. We analyze this institutional change using the political-cultural approach (Fligstein, 2001). We collected data and interviewed stakeholders in the Ba Vi District (North of Vietnam), where dairy has become an important economic activity, as well as at national level. Our approach considers the historical transformation that happened in the last 30 years. We analyze 4 types of rules (or social structures) that shape the current architecture of markets: property rights, governance structure, rules of exchange and conception of control. We show how those rules result from conflicts or alliances between farmers, firms and government officials in the attempt to stabilize the market. We consider in particular how stakeholders response to crises on the market. In Ba Vi, we observe an original market structure where the alliance between the State, the farmers and some dairy corporation has led to the emergence of an inclusive system. However, since the Melamine Crisis in 2008, and in the context of new liberal economic policies, the IDP dairy industry has become dominant in the market. In an attempt to reduce the competition for the collection of milk in the District, a new alliance between this firm and the local Government has emerged, which appears to be less inclusive. Our results also point out that the consumers and the media are playing an increasingly important role in the formation of those institutions. Through reputation and trust mechanisms, consumers are in position of legitimating – or challenging this new capitalist market structure.

Covering an area of approximately 4,000 km2, the New Protected Area of Makay, Madagascar, formalized in2017, is emblematic of the richness of biodiversity, with an exceptional rate of endemism, and the natural andcultural heritage of Madagascar. This document presents the challenges and the methodological options forsetting up a socio-economic and environmental knowledge, monitoring and evaluation system. The deviceconsists of three articulated arms, combining social sciences and natural and earth sciences, both quantitativeand qualitative: a quantitative arm of socio-economic and environmental surveys among the populations ofMakay; an ecological monitoring arm; and a qualitative socio-anthropological arm. By putting the people wholive on the edge of the Makay at the heart of the device, it proposes to push the frontier of existinginformation systems, still underdeveloped in this field, despite their decisive importance on a global scale, inorder to better understand the links between conservation and development. ; D'une superficie d'environ 4 000 km2, la Nouvelle Aire Protégée du Makay, Madagascar, officialisée en 2017,est emblématique de la richesse de la biodiversité, avec un taux d'endémisme exceptionnel, et du patrimoinenaturel et culturel malgache. Le présent document expose les enjeux et les options méthodologiques pour lamise en place d'un dispositif de connaissance, suivi et évaluation socio-économique et environnemental. Ledispositif se compose de trois bras articulés, combinant sciences sociales et sciences de la nature et de la terre,aussi bien quantitatifs que qualitatifs : un dispositif quantitatif d'enquêtes socio-économiques etenvironnementales auprès des populations du Makay ; un dispositif de suivi écologique ; un dispositif qualitatifde type socio-anthropologique. En mettant les populations qui vivent aux pourtours du Makay au coeur dudispositif, il se propose de repousser la frontière des systèmes d'informations existants, à ce jour balbutiantsdans ce domaine, malgré leur importance décisive ...

Covering an area of approximately 4,000 km2, the New Protected Area of Makay, Madagascar, formalized in2017, is emblematic of the richness of biodiversity, with an exceptional rate of endemism, and the natural andcultural heritage of Madagascar. This document presents the challenges and the methodological options forsetting up a socio-economic and environmental knowledge, monitoring and evaluation system. The deviceconsists of three articulated arms, combining social sciences and natural and earth sciences, both quantitativeand qualitative: a quantitative arm of socio-economic and environmental surveys among the populations ofMakay; an ecological monitoring arm; and a qualitative socio-anthropological arm. By putting the people wholive on the edge of the Makay at the heart of the device, it proposes to push the frontier of existinginformation systems, still underdeveloped in this field, despite their decisive importance on a global scale, inorder to better understand the links between conservation and development. ; D'une superficie d'environ 4 000 km2, la Nouvelle Aire Protégée du Makay, Madagascar, officialisée en 2017,est emblématique de la richesse de la biodiversité, avec un taux d'endémisme exceptionnel, et du patrimoinenaturel et culturel malgache. Le présent document expose les enjeux et les options méthodologiques pour lamise en place d'un dispositif de connaissance, suivi et évaluation socio-économique et environnemental. Ledispositif se compose de trois bras articulés, combinant sciences sociales et sciences de la nature et de la terre,aussi bien quantitatifs que qualitatifs : un dispositif quantitatif d'enquêtes socio-économiques etenvironnementales auprès des populations du Makay ; un dispositif de suivi écologique ; un dispositif qualitatifde type socio-anthropologique. En mettant les populations qui vivent aux pourtours du Makay au coeur dudispositif, il se propose de repousser la frontière des systèmes d'informations existants, à ce jour balbutiantsdans ce domaine, malgré leur importance décisive ...

Covering an area of approximately 4,000 km2, the New Protected Area of Makay, Madagascar, formalized in2017, is emblematic of the richness of biodiversity, with an exceptional rate of endemism, and the natural andcultural heritage of Madagascar. This document presents the challenges and the methodological options forsetting up a socio-economic and environmental knowledge, monitoring and evaluation system. The deviceconsists of three articulated arms, combining social sciences and natural and earth sciences, both quantitativeand qualitative: a quantitative arm of socio-economic and environmental surveys among the populations ofMakay; an ecological monitoring arm; and a qualitative socio-anthropological arm. By putting the people wholive on the edge of the Makay at the heart of the device, it proposes to push the frontier of existinginformation systems, still underdeveloped in this field, despite their decisive importance on a global scale, inorder to better understand the links between conservation and development. ; D'une superficie d'environ 4 000 km2, la Nouvelle Aire Protégée du Makay, Madagascar, officialisée en 2017,est emblématique de la richesse de la biodiversité, avec un taux d'endémisme exceptionnel, et du patrimoinenaturel et culturel malgache. Le présent document expose les enjeux et les options méthodologiques pour lamise en place d'un dispositif de connaissance, suivi et évaluation socio-économique et environnemental. Ledispositif se compose de trois bras articulés, combinant sciences sociales et sciences de la nature et de la terre,aussi bien quantitatifs que qualitatifs : un dispositif quantitatif d'enquêtes socio-économiques etenvironnementales auprès des populations du Makay ; un dispositif de suivi écologique ; un dispositif qualitatifde type socio-anthropologique. En mettant les populations qui vivent aux pourtours du Makay au coeur dudispositif, il se propose de repousser la frontière des systèmes d'informations existants, à ce jour balbutiantsdans ce domaine, malgré leur importance décisive ...