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Abstract This study investigates the relationship between state politics and sport governance based on an institutional framework and the concept of spillover effects. Specifically, it examines whether spillover effects occur from state parliament and government composition to board gender diversity within sport governing bodies. Organizational-level data from German national and state sport governing bodies were collected ( n = 930). They were combined with state-level data on the government composition by gender and political party (parliament, ministers) based on the location of each sport governing body's headquarter. The results show that on average 20.1% of board members in sport governing bodies are women. Regression analyses indicate that the share of parliamentarians from the Social Democrats and the Green party is positively associated with the share of women in sport governance, while the share of Liberals in the parliament is negatively related. The share of women parliamentarians from the Social party and the share of women Conservative ministers are negatively related to women in sport governance. The findings indicate that women representation in sport governance is linked to state politics, suggesting that spillover effects occur from an organizations' political environment.

This study used the opportunity to conduct a survey with a contingent valuation method scenario in the weeks prior to an actual referendum on bidding for the 2024 Olympic Summer Games in Hamburg. Only 41.2% of respondents planned to vote favorably and 30.1% reported a positive willingness‐to‐pay. We allowed respondents to state the institution they would give the money to ensure it is wisely spent. The preferred institutions were a foundation and an account in trust. The findings indicate that individual voters have their own complex utility function of costs and benefits which should be considered by public officials. (JEL H41, L83, Z23, Z28)

This is an Accepted Manuscript of an article published by Taylor & Francis in European Sport Management Quarterly on 29 November 2016, available online: http://www.tandfonline.com/10.1080/16184742.2016.1257038. ; Research question: The purpose of this study is to examine whether and how government quality is related to individual health production through sport and physical activity. Previous research has only examined the role of government through the lens of government spending and provision of facilities, but not the role of government quality per se. Research methods: Individual survey data from the 2013 Eurobarometer (n=20,419) were combined with data on government quality and expenditure as well as GDP for 21 European countries. The sport and physical activity measures reflect whether an individual's activity level (including or excluding walking) is below the guidelines of the World Health Organization, meets, or exceeds them, securing extra health benefits. Results and findings: The results of multi-level models show that government quality is significantly and positively associated with individual sport and physical activity meeting or exceeding the guidelines, controlling for GDP and government spending. The empirical evidence suggests that there are spillovers between government quality and individual health production through sport and physical activity. Implications: The findings indicate that a more open and accountable government can provide the regulatory framework and tolerance required for more effective structural delivery of sport and physical activity in society.

?Die okonomische Bedeutung des Sports fur Deutschland ist substanziell. Dieheterogenen Auspragungen des Sports, bspw. das aktive Sporttreiben, der in Verbanden und Vereinen organisierte Sport und der Spitzensport weisen eine Vielzahl an positiven tangiblen und intangiblen Effekten auf, die volkswirtschaftlich bedeutsam sind. Auf Basis von Primar- und Sekundardaten sowie einer umfassenden Literaturrecherche analysieren die Autoren erstmals alle stakeholderrelevanten Bereiche des Sportsektors auf ihre okonomische Bedeutung hin. Es wird gezeigt, dass Sport nicht als bloßer Kostenfaktor oder Leistungsempfanger zu betrachten ist, sondern als ein Investitionsgut, welches wertvolle wirtschaftliche, steuerliche und soziale Renditen produzieren kann.

AbstractThis study examines the moderating effects of national female labor force participation, women in sport leadership positions, and female medalists in recent Olympic Games on women's probability to volunteer in sport. Based on social role theory and the similarity attraction paradigm, we predict that all three factors result in a higher probability of women to volunteer in sport, but with differences among age groups. Linear probability models before and after applying coarsened exact matching were estimated using data from the 2017 Eurobarometer (n = 18,529). The results show that women have a significantly lower probability to volunteer in sport in countries with high female labor force participation and a high share of women in leadership positions in sport organizations. The likelihood of women volunteering in sport is significantly higher in countries with a high share of female Olympic medalists. The age group‐specific analysis asking whether volunteering should be considered an investment in human capital by younger women and/or an acquisition of social capital by older women, reveals that a high presence of women among leaders in sport organizations and Olympic medalists is significantly positively correlated with the probability for young women to volunteer in sport. Managers and leaders of nonprofit sport organizations learn from our study that volunteering should be perceived as an investment in human capital by younger women rather than an attempt to acquire social capital by older women.