Suchergebnisse

Of all possible forms of energy substitution of oil and gas, geothermal energy is the one most closely related to geology. Shallow geothermal energy is a source of clean, renewable and virtually inexhaustible energy that is directly related to geographical areas, where heat fluxes and temperature gradients can vary due to several factors. This document summarises the current situation of the policies on the use of shallow (low temperature) geothermal energy in Europe to generate hot water and air conditioning. The current status of legislation in some European countries and the promotion of shallow geothermal energy in the EU28 are also discussed.

El presente trabajo presenta una discusión crítica sobre la noción de autonomía individual como resorte para pensar la situación de justicia y la calidad de vida de quienes padecen lo que hoy se conoce como discapacidades mentales severas. Parte de la base de que cuestiones como la participación social, los derechos humanos y la ciudadanía de este grupo social, históricamente marginado y excluido, no pueden pensarse seriamente sin discutir la representación social hegemónica que visualiza la locura o enfermedad mental como ausencia de autonomía individual. Esta situación se observa tanto a nivel de los principios en que se basan nuestras instituciones sociales y políticas públicas, como en la vida cotidiana de los propios actores. Se requiere, en consecuencia, pensar nuevas maneras para entender el problema de la autonomía individual que resulten inclusivas para el caso de los locos o discapacitados mentales. Esto resulta necesario, al menos para quienes crean que categorías como individuo o ciudadano deban incluir también a quienes pertenecen a esta minoría. Pero además porque resulta necesario desnaturalizar una concepción liberal de la autonomía individual que la visualiza como una capacidad funcional de individuos racionales autointeresados y no como una capacidad relacional, que jamás puede perderse por causa de una enfermedad o discapacidad. El enfoque de la autonomía relacional se propone finalmente como un acercamiento a la autonomía individual inclusivo con condiciones como la discapacidad mental, pero que nos obliga inmediatamente a atender a la cuestión de la relacion con los otros, probablemente la esencia del problema de la locura, a fin de cuentas.

We introduce MADna, a sequence-dependent coarse-grained model of double-stranded DNA (dsDNA), where each nucleotide is described by three beads localized at the sugar, at the base moiety, and at the phosphate group, respectively. The sequence dependence is included by considering a step-dependent parametrization of the bonded interactions, which are tuned in order to reproduce the values of key observables obtained from exhaustive atomistic simulations from the literature. The predictions of the model are benchmarked against an independent set of all-atom simulations, showing that it captures with high fidelity the sequence dependence of conformational and elastic features beyond the single step considered in its formulation. A remarkably good agreement with experiments is found for both sequence-averaged and sequence-dependent conformational and elastic features, including the stretching and torsion moduli, the twist−stretch and twist−bend couplings, the persistence length, and the helical pitch. Overall, for the inspected quantities, the model has a precision comparable to atomistic simulations, hence providing a reliable coarse-grained description for the rationalization of single-molecule experiments and the study of cellular processes involving dsDNA. Owing to the simplicity of its formulation, MADna can be straightforwardly included in common simulation engines. Particularly, an implementation of the model in LAMMPS is made available on an online repository to ease its usage within the DNA research community ; Weare thankful for the financial support from the Spanish MINECO project MAT2017-83273-R. We acknowledge support from the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MICINN) through the project PID2020-115864RB-I00 and the "María de Maeztu" Programme for Units of Excellence in R&D (grant No. CEX2018-000805-M). The project that gave rise to these results received the support of a fellowship from "la Caixa" Foundation (ID 100010434) and from the European Union's Horizon research and innovation programme ...

La producción de chile jalapeño en Quintana Roo ha bajado de tal forma que en 2022 se tuvo únicamente 2,536 toneladas en 265 hectáreas cuando llegó a ser de 26,287 toneladas en 5,331 hectáreas durante 1992. Los rendimientos son bajos, la producción presenta una amplia variación en la forma del fruto y la clasificación por tamaño es de frutos medianos y chicos. Estas características del fruto no ha sido una restricción para la comercialización porque la mayoría de la producción se destina al procesamiento. El mejoramiento de la tecnología de producción puede incrementar la productividad y la calidad de fruto con lo que se posibilita el acceso a otros mercados como el mercado de exportación de producto fresco. El objetivo es hacer una revisión de los requisitos de los estándares de certificación para determinar si con las condiciones actuales del sistema de producción de chile jalapeño en Quintana Roo es factible lograr la certificación para acceder a mercados internacionales. La certificación de la producción de chile jalapeño y la exportación de fruto producido en Quintana Roo son actividades posibles, pero no con las condiciones de cultivo actuales. Es necesario hacer modificaciones en el sistema de producción, como el cambio de variedades y el empleo de riego. Se sugiere incrementar la superficie cultivada por productor y/o agrupar a varios productores para tener mayor volumen de producción y compartir infraestructura referente a las instalaciones que facilitarán la obtención de la certificación. El proceso de certificación es una tarea complicada ya que son muchos los requisitos técnicos, el apoyo en la capacitación de la tecnología de producción y en los temas de inocuidad, cobran ahora mucha más importancia.

This article deals with a pedagogical alternative to motivate learners in classes with reference to USA-Cuba discrepancy using visual aids that express the different actions and aggressions of US-imperialism to Latin America, specifically our country with the purpose of widening its military supremacy and the policy of annexation towards our Island. The classes involve two main moments: 1- a directed lecture, 2- a workshop session to conclude; achieving the objectives of this pedagogical alternative, to the development of a set of teaching and intellectual skills contributing this way to the enhancement of moral values such as: identity, patriotism, anti-imperialism and solidarity among others. ; Nuestro trabajo consiste en una alternativa pedagógica para motivar las clases referidas al Diferendo EEUU- Cuba, mediante la utilización de imágenes visuales que expresen las distintas acciones y agresiones del imperialismo yanqui a América Latina y en especiar a nuestro país, con el objetivo de ampliar su poderío y la anexión de nuestra isla a los Estados Unidos de Norte América. Además se propone que las clases se den en dos momentos; un primer momento donde la forma de organización de la enseñanza sea una conferencia orientadora y un segundo momento que concluye con un taller, el con el cual se lograrían los objetivos de la alternativa, además se desarrollarían un conjunto de habilidades tanto docentes como intelectuales, contribuyendo al desarrollo revalores, como la identidad, patriotismo, antiimperialismo, solidaridad entre otros.

A production function was estimated which relates beef and milk production (Y), produced from feed concentrate (X 1 ), the number of cows in production (X 2 ) and labor (X 3 ) in twenty dual purpose cattle farms in eastern Yucatan State. From data provided by producers by means of feedback forms, a primary data matrix was generated, which was analyzed through least squares so as to estimate a production function. The model which best adjusts to the input/output relation can be expressed as Log Y = 253.04 - 357.32 Log X 1 + 908.75 Log X 2 + 713.83 Log X 3. There is no need to increase the amount of feed concentrate to increase beef and milk production, but labor and cows in production increases show a positive response. It will be necessary to implement adequate genetic improvement and reproduction programs to increase the number of cows in production, as well as to adopt adequate management controls for hiring labor and also to benefit from government funding programs and tax incentives. ; Se estimó una función de producción, que relaciona la cantidad de carne y leche producida (Y), a partir de la cantidad de alimento concentrado (X 1 ), la cantidad de vacas en producción (X 2 ) y cantidad de mano de obra utilizada para esta actividad (X 3 ), en veinte explotaciones de ganado bovino de doble propósito en la zona oriente del estado de Yucatán. De la información aportada por los productores a través de cuestionarios, se generó una matríz de datos primarios, los cuales se analizaron por mínimos cuadrados para estimar la función de producción. El modelo que mejor se ajusta a la relación insumo-producto es Log Y = 253.04 - 357.32 Log X 1 + 908.75 Log X 2 + 713.83 Log X 3 . No necesita aumentarse la cantidad de alimento concentrado para incrementar la producción de carne y leche, pero sí las vacas en producción y la mano de obra. Posiblemente sea necesario implementar programas adecuados de reproducción y mejoramiento genético para incrementar la cantidad de vacas en producción, asimismo adoptar un adecuado control ...

The mechanical properties of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) are involved in many of its biological functions and are relevant for future nanotechnology applications. DsRNA must tightly bend to fit inside viral capsids or deform upon the interaction with proteins that regulate gene silencing or the immune response against viral attacks. However, the question of how the nucleotide sequence affects the global mechanical properties of dsRNA has so far remained largely unexplored. Here, we have employed state-of-the-art atomistic molecular dynamics simulations to unveil the mechanical response of different RNA duplexes to an external force. Our results reveal that, similarly to dsDNA, the mechanical properties of dsRNA are highly sequence-dependent. However, we find that the nucleotide sequence affects in a strikingly different manner the stretching and twisting response of RNA and DNA duplexes under force. We find that the elastic response of dsRNA is dominated by the local high flexibility of pyrimidine-purine steps. Moreover, the flexibility of pyrimidine-purine steps is independent of the sequence context, and the global flexibility of the duplex reasonably scales with the number of this kind of base-pair dinucleotides. We conclude that disparities of the mechanical response of dinucleotides are responsible for the differences observed in the mechanical properties of RNA and DNA duplexes. ; Financial support from the Spanish MINECO(projects MDM-2014-0377, MAT2017-83273-R (AEI/FEDER,UE), and BFU2017-83794-P (AEI/FEDER, UE)). F. M.-H.acknowledges support from European Research Council (ERC)under the European Union Horizon 2020 research and inno-vation (grant agreement no. 681299). ; Peer reviewed

Nowadays, probiotics have been proposed for substituting antibiotics in animal feed since the European Union banned the latter compounds in 2006 to avoid serious side effects on human health. Therefore, this work aimed to produce a probiotic product for use in animal feed by fed-batch fermentation of whey with a combination of kefir grains, AGK1, and the fermented whole milk used to activate these kefir grains. The probiotic culture obtained was characterized by high levels of biomass (8.03 g/L), total viability (3.6 × 10(8) CFU/mL) and antibacterial activity (28.26 Activity Units/mL). Some probiotic properties of the probiotic culture were investigated in vitro, including its survival at low pH values, under simulated gastrointestinal conditions, after freezing in skim milk at −20 °C, and in the commercial feed during storage at room temperature. The viable cells of lactic and acetic acid bacteria and yeasts exhibited higher tolerance to acidic pH and simulated gastrointestinal conditions when the cells were protected with skim milk and piglet feed, compared with washed cells. The results indicated the feasibility of producing a probiotic product at a low cost with a potential application in animal feed.

ABSTRACTThis study was conducted to determine and compare the prevalence, severity, and extent of gingivitis and periodontitis in patients with Down syndrome and patients who did not have Down syndrome. The authors also assessed the relationship of these conditions and compared them to the age, gender, and oral hygiene profiles in both groups. Using a case‐control study design, the authors examined 32 individuals with Down syndrome (DS) and matched each with a participant from the control group (CG) according to age and gender. Researchers determined the Simplified Oral Hygiene Index, Gingival Index, and measured the level of gingival attachment for each participant. The authors found that the relationship between the presence of dental plaque and the severity of gingivitis was moderate among participants with DS. While the overall characteristics of the periodontal and gingival health status were not markedly different between the two groups, the extent and severity of gingivitis and the extent of periodontitis were greater in the group with DS than in the CG.

Nowadays, probiotics have been proposed for substituting antibiotics in animal feed since the European Union banned the latter compounds in 2006 to avoid serious side effects on human health. Therefore, this work aimed to produce a probiotic product for use in animal feed by fed-batch fermentation of whey with a combination of kefir grains, AGK1, and the fermented whole milk used to activate these kefir grains. The probiotic culture obtained was characterized by high levels of biomass (8.03 g/L), total viability (3.6 × 108 CFU/mL) and antibacterial activity (28.26 Activity Units/mL). Some probiotic properties of the probiotic culture were investigated in vitro, including its survival at low pH values, under simulated gastrointestinal conditions, after freezing in skim milk at −20 °C, and in the commercial feed during storage at room temperature. The viable cells of lactic and acetic acid bacteria and yeasts exhibited higher tolerance to acidic pH and simulated gastrointestinal conditions when the cells were protected with skim milk and piglet feed, compared with washed cells. The results indicated the feasibility of producing a probiotic product at a low cost with a potential application in animal feed. ; Xunta de Galicia | Ref. ED431E 2018/07

Nowadays, probiotics have been proposed for substituting antibiotics in animal feed since the European Union banned the latter compounds in 2006 to avoid serious side effects on human health. Therefore, this work aimed to produce a probiotic product for use in animal feed by fed-batch fermentation of whey with a combination of kefir grains, AGK1, and the fermented whole milk used to activate these kefir grains. The probiotic culture obtained was characterized by high levels of biomass (8.03 g/L), total viability (3.6 × 108 CFU/mL) and antibacterial activity (28.26 Activity Units/mL). Some probiotic properties of the probiotic culture were investigated in vitro, including its survival at low pH values, under simulated gastrointestinal conditions, after freezing in skim milk at −20 °C, and in the commercial feed during storage at room temperature. The viable cells of lactic and acetic acid bacteria and yeasts exhibited higher tolerance to acidic pH and simulated gastrointestinal conditions when the cells were protected with skim milk and piglet feed, compared with washed cells. The results indicated the feasibility of producing a probiotic product at a low cost with a potential application in animal feed. ; Xunta de Galicia | Ref. ED431E 2018/07

Power over fiber (PoF) with sleep mode operation in centralized radio access networks (C-RAN) of low power Remote Radio Heads (RRH) helps to reduce power consumption. This proposal includes bundles of single mode optical fibers (SMF) as part of the 5G C-RAN front-haul solution for providing control on power consumption by selectively activating some parts of the RRH. We experimentally demonstrate a PoF system based on 14.43 km of SMF feed by 2.24 W giving 226 mW electrical power at the RRH for control, battery charge, load operation and communication purposes. A bidirectional control channel is integrated in the central office and the RRH for providing the capability of entering in sleep mode operation and to provide information about the status of the battery and sensing elements at RRH. The optical data uplink/downlink operates over separate optical fibers shared by various RRHs and achieves low power consumption below 33 mW with low data rates. The measured PV cells conversion efficiency is above 30%. The RRH has two sleep modes of operation with a minimum power consumption of 5.8 mW. ; 2021. This work was supported in part by the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades, Madrid Government (Comunidad de Madrid-Spain) and H2020 European Union programme under Grants RTI2018-094669-B-C32, Y2018/EMT-4892, P2018/NMT-4326, and 5G PPP Bluespace Project Grant 762055, respectively