Suchergebnisse

In April 1987 the United Kingdom took an important step towards the 'integrated' or 'cross-media' approach to pollution-control with the creation of Her Majesty's Inspectorate of Pollution (HMIP). Significant legislative change is now proposed which will put HMIP on a statutory footing and enable it to take an integrated approach to the control of more serious problems of pollution, considering the impact on the environment as a whole. Integrated polution-control has been claimed to offer environmental and administrative advantages over a sectoral system, but these remain to be demonstrated in practice and some important conceptual, methodological, and institutional issues remain to be resolved as HMIP embarks upon implementation of the new approach. Political commitment to pollution-control, reflected in the availability of adequate resources, will be essential if real progress is to be made.

Energy requirements for the journey to work, resulting from alternative population and employment growth patterns in a rural area of England, are estimated and compared. Both the absolute and relative energy-efficiency of alternative land-use patterns are shown to depend on assumptions about future mobility, implying that ideal spatial structures cannot be defined without reference to other important factors affecting travel behaviour and life-styles. Current trends in the area are leading to the land-use patterns which consistently emerged as being energy intensive in the analysis.

The economic framework is often very useful in the analysis of energy – environment problems, but it remains inadequate in a number of significant ways. After a brief review of basic theoretical principles, particularly as applied in cost – benefit analysis, some of the limitations of the economic approach are discussed with reference to selected examples in the energy – environment field. The merits of several alternative approaches to problem analysis and policy formulation are also briefly considered.

William Henderson Baird [31 August 1831-16 July 1864] was a Civil War soldier; his brother David Wray Baird [13 September 1824-18 September 1896] was a merchant in Geneva, NY. This document recommends W H Baird for a promotion.