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"This significant work reconstructs the repertory of insignia of rank and the contexts and symbolic meanings of their use, along with their original terminology, among the Nahuatl-speaking communities of Mesoamerica from the fifteenth through the seventeenth centuries. Attributes of rank carried profound symbolic meaning, encoding subtle messages about political and social status, ethnic and gender identity, regional origin, individual and community history, and claims to privilege.Olko engages with and builds upon extensive worldwide scholarship and skillfully illuminates this complex topic, creating a vital contribution to the fields of pre-Columbian and colonial Mexican studies. It is the first book to integrate pre- and post-contact perspectives, uniting concepts and epochs usually studied separately. A wealth of illustrations accompanies the contextual analysis and provides essential depth to this critical work. Insignia of Rank in the Nahua World substantially expands and elaborates on the themes of Olko's Turquoise Diadems and Staffs of Office, originally published in Poland and never released in North America"--

The extensive corpus of colonial Nahuatl texts lights on almost every sphere of colonial life and cross‑cultural interactions between the Europeans/Spaniards and the indigenous world. This corpus contains rich language data related to contact‑induced change that reveal a simultaneous, prolonged use of neologisms and loanwords, a widespread "Nahuatlization" of foreign terms as well as adoption of Spanish ideas and cultural stereotypes. The linguistic phenomena discussed in the present paper focus on lexical change, neologization, meaning change, borrowing and the creation of calques. These language innovations reveal the nuances of the complex process of cross‑cultural translation, the receptivity of European influence, the domestication of the new and the survival of traditional language resources.

La muestra conservada de los manuscritos pictográficos del centro de México ofrece numerosas posibilidades de abordar varias líneas de investigación sobre las imágenes de la nobleza indígena que, a su vez, arrojan mucha luz sobre los complejos procesos de transformación y supervivencia de la tradición indígena en un proceso dinámico de interacción con el mundo español. Este artículo explora ciertas convenciones regionales de la iconografía del rango heredadas del pasado prehispánico, pero en aquel tiempo combinadas con la influencia española. Centrándose en las cuestiones de continuidad y cambio, el trabajo analiza algunos de los 'juegos de sentidos' y estrategias que expresan mensajes culturales y políticos o diferencias de rango. ; The extant corpus of 16th-century pictorial manuscripts from Central Mexico has great potential for various lines of research on the images of native nobility that they contain, with implications for the complex process of cultural survival and transformation that accompanied Spanish-indigenous interaction. This paper explores certain regional conventions of the iconography of rank, inherited from the pre-Hispanic past but now often combined with European elements. In particular, it focuses on issues of continuity and change, 'plays of meaning', and strategies for expressing political/cultural messages, differences in rank, or both together.

It is generally known that hierogamy or the ritual of sacred marriage was present in some cultures of the Old World. There, its most basic meaning was to regenerate vegetation and thus ensure fertility and abundance for the community. Little attention has been paid to the subject in Mesoamerican studies and, although we possess a considerable body of knowledge on Aztec feasts and ritual, none of the rites described in the sixteenth century sources or extant in the codices has been labeled by scholars as hierogamy. The aim of this paper is to show that what we deal with in Mesoamerica isalso a kind of hierogamy, which l understand as marriage between two gods or their earthly representatives, often accompanied by ritual sexual intercourse, usually of a special purpose and of religious significance.

This open access book explores the deep connections between environment, language, and cultural integrity, with a focus on Indigenous peoples from early modern times to the present. It illustrates the close integration of nature and culture through historical processes of environmental change in North, Central, and South America and the nurturing of local knowledge through ancestral languages and oral traditions. This volume fills a unique space by bringing together the issues of environment, language and cultural integrity in Latin American historical and cultural spheres. It explores the reciprocal and necessary relations between language/culture and environment; how they can lead to sustainable practices; how environmental knowledge and sustainable practices toward the environment are reflected in local languages, local sources and local socio-cultural practices. The book combines interdisciplinary methods and initiates a dialogue among scientifically trained scholars and local communities to compare their perspectives on well-being in remote and recent historical periods and it will be of interest to students and scholars in fields including sociolinguistics, (ethno)history, linguistic anthropology, cultural studies and cultural anthropology, environmental studies and Indigenous/minority studies.

This open access book explores the deep connections between environment, language, and cultural integrity, with a focus on Indigenous peoples from early modern times to the present. It illustrates the close integration of nature and culture through historical processes of environmental change in North, Central, and South America and the nurturing of local knowledge through ancestral languages and oral traditions. This volume fills a unique space by bringing together the issues of environment, language and cultural integrity in Latin American historical and cultural spheres. It explores the reciprocal and necessary relations between language/culture and environment; how they can lead to sustainable practices; how environmental knowledge and sustainable practices toward the environment are reflected in local languages, local sources and local socio-cultural practices. The book combines interdisciplinary methods and initiates a dialogue among scientifically trained scholars and local communities to compare their perspectives on well-being in remote and recent historical periods and it will be of interest to students and scholars in fields including sociolinguistics, (ethno)history, linguistic anthropology, cultural studies and cultural anthropology, environmental studies and Indigenous/minority studies.

1. Introduction -- 2. Flexible borders, permeable territories and the role of water management in territorial dynamics in Pre-Hispanic and Early Hispanic Peru -- 3. Ihuan yehhuan tlacuauh tlamauhtiah in ichcapixqueh. "And the shepherds are inspiring great fear". Environment, control of resources and collective agency in colonial and modern Tlaxcala -- 4. Ñudzahui Custom, Contracts, and Territoriality in Eighteenth-Century Oaxaca -- 5. The Yoreme creation of itom ania in northwestern Mexico: histories of cultural landscapes -- 6. Gender Disparities in Guaraní Knowledge, Literacy, and Fashion in the Ecological Borderlands of Colonial and Early Nineteenth-Century Paraguay -- 7. Combining Visions of Well-Being through the Generational Gap: The Views of Tlaxcala Old and Young on Environment, Tradition and Language -- 8. "Amo kitlapanas tetl!": Heritage language and the defense against fracking in the Huasteca Potosina, Mexico -- 9.The Interrelation between Language, History and Traditional Ecological Knowledge within the Nahuat-Pipil context of El Salvador -- 10. Cenotes and placemaking in the Maya world: biocultural landscapes as archival spaces -- 11. Nakua nukuu ini Ñuu Savi: Nakua jíno, nakua ka'on de nakua sa'on ja kuatyi Koo Yoso. Memory and cultural continuity of the Ñuu Savi People: Ancestral knowledge, language and rituals around Koo Yoso deity -- 12. Tlaneltoquilli tlen mochihua ica cintli ipan tlalli Chicontepec: tlamantli chicahualiztli ipan tochinanco. Ceremonial practices relating to corn in the region of Chicontepec: local aspects of wellbeing. .

"Of the approximately 7,000 languages in the world, at least half may no longer be spoken by the end of the twenty-first century. Languages are endangered by a number of factors, including globalization, education policies, and the political, economic, and cultural marginalization of minority groups. This guidebook provides ideas and strategies, as well as some background, to help with the effective revitalization of endangered languages. It covers a broad scope of themes including effective planning, benefits, well-being, economic aspects, attitudes, and ideologies. The chapter authors have hands-on experience of language revitalization in many countries around the world, and each chapter includes a wealth of examples, such as case studies from specific languages and language areas. Clearly and accessibly written, it is suitable for non-specialists as well as academic researchers and students interested in language revitalization. This book is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core"--

Of the approximately 7,000 languages in the world, at least half may no longer be spoken by the end of the twenty-first century. Languages are endangered by a number of factors, including globalization, education policies, and the political, economic and cultural marginalization of minority groups. This guidebook provides ideas and strategies, as well as some background, to help with the effective revitalization of endangered languages. It covers a broad scope of themes including effective planning, benefits, wellbeing, economic aspects, attitudes and ideologies. The chapter authors have hands-on experience of language revitalization in many countries around the world, and each chapter includes a wealth of examples, such as case studies from specific languages and language areas. Clearly and accessibly written, it is suitable for non-specialists as well as academic researchers and students interested in language revitalization. This book is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.

Empire, Colony, and Globalization. A Brief History of the Nahuatl LanguageThis paper is the first attempt to outline the cultural and sociopolitical history of Nahuatl, one of the most important native languages of America, beginning with preconquest times, focusing on its role in the Aztec empire, and continuing through the colonial period until the present. We discuss the most important elements of the Nahua writing tradition, its changes under contact with European culture and Spanish, as well as modern threats to its survival. We finish with current prospects for revitalization. Imperium, kolonia i globalizacja. Krótka historia języka nahuatl Artykuł jest pierwszą próbą zarysowania kulturowej i społeczno-politycznej historii języka nahuatl, jednego z najważniejszych języków tubylczych Ameryki, począwszy od czasów przedhiszpańskich, a zwłaszcza jego roli w imperium azteckim, przez czasy kolonialne aż po sytuację obecną. Przedmiotem dyskusji są najważniejsze elementy związane z tradycją piśmiennictwa w tym języku, jego zmiany pod wpływem kontaktu z kulturą europejską i językiem hiszpańskim, aktualne zagrożenia oraz możliwe scenariusze jego rewitalizacji.

"A critical anthology of indigenous-authored texts, including Nahua, Quechua, and Spanish which native peoples and Spaniards convey their perspectives on Spanish colonial order. The first volume with native testimonies of Spanish expansion and examines geographically and culturally realities of indigenous elites in the colonial period"--Provided by publisher

The article was originally without an abstract. Short description by Editorial Team.
Nakum is an archaeological site in northern Guatemala. The geographic setting of the site and the history of research are being described here. Hermes and Calderón provide preliminary ideas about the chronology of the site. Also results of surveys led by Justyna Olko in the peripheries (areas outside the central, monumental architecture zone) of Nakum are included here. Jarosław Źrałka describes the observations that relate to the depopulation of the site.