Suchergebnisse

The study is an empirical test of the effects of different categories of government expenditure, revenue and deficits on economic growth in developing countries. It is based on panel data of annual series over the last three decades for 103 countries, which are further classified into low-income, high-income, mineral exports dependent, and foreign aid dependent groups. Our findings suggest that the effects of the fiscal variables on growth vary across these groups of countries. But broadly, capital expenditure have been detrimental to growth, just as current expenditure on goods and services, while expenditure on wages and salaries is growth-promoting. Also, functional expenditure on general administration and defense have retarded growth while spending on education and, to some extent, transport and communications sector are growth-friendly. Other economic and functional categories of spending generally have mixed effects, which are sometimes statistically insignificant. Non-tax revenue retards growth in only high-income and mineral exporting groups of countries. Taxes on income and profits are growth-retarding, just as taxes on domestic goods and services in all groups, except mineral exporting one. Taxes on international trade are found to be growth-promoting in only the low-income and foreign aid dependent groups of countries. Foreign grants promote growth in only the group of countries that heavily depend on them while fiscal deficits, whether domestically or foreign financed, retard growth.

Consequent upon the general criticisms of the conventional approaches used in evaluating the effectiveness of selective credit controls, we have suggested other approaches. The most emphasized of these is then applied to qouarterly data for Nigeria over the period of 1970-71 to 1982-83. The focus is on the selective credit controls on export supply, import demand, manufacturing production and mining production. The controls are found to be effective in influencing only manufacturing production. (DSE)

Aufstellung eines Modells über die Wirkungen selektiver Kreditpolitik und Test des Modells mit Daten aus Nigeria für den Zeitraum 1968-82. Als Ergebnis zeigt sich, daß eine entsprechende Politik positive Erfolge haben dürfte auf dem Grundstücksmarkt, im Bereich der Bauwirtschaft und für die Industrieproduktion. In allen anderen Sektoren sind keine großen Einflüsse zu erwarten. (DÜI-Hlb)