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"This book provides a comprehensive analysis of the cryptocurrency phenomenon from a financial/monetary point of view. It offers a unique slant in at least two ways, with the financial perspective as the reference point. An examination of the technicalities surrounding blockchain and the mining of cryptocurrencies is included, but the reading is oriented to those who seek to better understand how these technical issues help to explain the functioning and the potential of cryptocurrencies, without touching on coding aspects. Moreover, the book addresses cryptocurrencies as an evolution of the concept of money, and it frames the analysis to give readers all the knowledge needed to connect the cryptocurrency phenomena with traditional monetary theories. In so doing, cryptocurrencies are not considered as a completely disconnected trend, set apart from traditional financial systems, but as innovations that will push the concept of money forward, without dismantling previous foundations. The book also includes a discussion on central banks, and stresses how their initial diffidence toward cryptocurrencies has turned into a more active approach that includes projects to develop the so-called Central Bank Digital Currencies (CBDC), thereby completing the analysis of the state of the art of the cryptocurrency surge. The mix of theoretical content on the concept of money, the description of payment tools and the functioning of the payment industry, and the analysis of blockchain and the cryptocurrency markets makes the book interesting reading for researchers, scholars and students of economics, finance, or business, enabling them to develop the ability to understand the dynamics of the cryptocurrency phenomenon and its possible evolution."

"This book provides a comprehensive analysis of the cryptocurrency phenomenon from a financial/monetary point of view. It offers a unique slant in at least two ways, with the financial perspective as the reference point. An examination of the technicalities surrounding blockchain and the mining of cryptocurrencies is included, but the reading is oriented to those who seek to better understand how these technical issues help to explain the functioning and the potential of cryptocurrencies, without touching on coding aspects. Moreover, the book addresses cryptocurrencies as an evolution of the concept of money, and it frames the analysis to give readers all the knowledge needed to connect the cryptocurrency phenomena with traditional monetary theories. In so doing, cryptocurrencies are not considered as a completely disconnected trend, set apart from traditional financial systems, but as innovations that will push the concept of money forward, without dismantling previous foundations. The book also includes a discussion on central banks, and stresses how their initial diffidence toward cryptocurrencies has turned into a more active approach that includes projects to develop the so-called Central Bank Digital Currencies (CBDC), thereby completing the analysis of the state of the art of the cryptocurrency surge. The mix of theoretical content on the concept of money, the description of payment tools and the functioning of the payment industry, and the analysis of blockchain and the cryptocurrency markets makes the book interesting reading for researchers, scholars and students of economics, finance, or business, enabling them to develop the ability to understand the dynamics of the cryptocurrency phenomenon and its possible evolution"--

What is financial literacy? -- Measuring financial literacy -- Relevance and effectiveness of financial literacy -- Improving financial literacy: the role of financial education -- Financial literacy and financial education around the world -- Beyond financial literacy.

This book is about retirement income security. This income security is provided by national public pensions, corporate pensions, and individual and reverse mortgages. However, these systems vary greatly from country to country and, in many countries, do not provide sufficient coverage. Ensuring income security in old age is an important issue that must be resolved in the rapidly aging environment of the world. From the perspective of financial consumers, this book cross-sectionally surveys public pensions, corporate pensions, individual pensions and reverse mortgages and compares them among many important nations. This gives many implications from the perspective of designing an overall income security for each individual. In addition, it presents many of the issues needed for these sustainable and comprehensive income security.

If the idea of familiarizing individuals with savings is an old one, it is especially since the early 2000s that the economist's modern concept of financial literacy has been the object of particular attention. The literature, essentially empirical, has developed considerably since then. It is during this period that the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) launched its Financial Literacy Programme.The objective of this chapter was to describe financial literacy and financial education programs in Western Europe: France, Germany, Italy, Spain, Switzerland, and the Netherlands. A first observation concerns financial literacy: to varying degrees, the residents of these countries are far from financially literate. A second observation concerns the heterogeneity of financial literacy. In all countries, financial literacy depends on age, education, and gender (higher among men, older people, and graduates). Some determinants appear to be more specific to the culture of each country (for example, political opinion in France, political past history in Germany (West vs. East), or language area in Switzerland). Finally, it appears that financial education programs have been in Western Europe since the mid-2000s, probably offered more systematically in centralized countries. ; Si l'idée de familiariser les individus avec les outils de l'épargne n'est pas nouvelle, c'est surtout depuis le début des années 2000 que le concept moderne de littéracie financière s'est développé chez les économistes. La littérature dans ce domaine, essentiellement empirique, s'est depuis lors considérablement enrichie. C'est aussi à cette période que l'Organisation de coopération et de développement économiques(OCDE) a d'ailleurs lancé son programme d'éducation financière pour développer la culture financière des ménages. L'objectif de cet article est de décrire les programmes de culture financière et d'éducation financière en Europe occidentale:France, Allemagne, Italie, Espagne, Suisse et Pays-Bas. Un premier constat ...

If the idea of familiarizing individuals with savings is an old one, it is especially since the early 2000s that the economist's modern concept of financial literacy has been the object of particular attention. The literature, essentially empirical, has developed considerably since then. It is during this period that the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) launched its Financial Literacy Programme.The objective of this chapter was to describe financial literacy and financial education programs in Western Europe: France, Germany, Italy, Spain, Switzerland, and the Netherlands. A first observation concerns financial literacy: to varying degrees, the residents of these countries are far from financially literate. A second observation concerns the heterogeneity of financial literacy. In all countries, financial literacy depends on age, education, and gender (higher among men, older people, and graduates). Some determinants appear to be more specific to the culture of each country (for example, political opinion in France, political past history in Germany (West vs. East), or language area in Switzerland). Finally, it appears that financial education programs have been in Western Europe since the mid-2000s, probably offered more systematically in centralized countries. ; Si l'idée de familiariser les individus avec les outils de l'épargne n'est pas nouvelle, c'est surtout depuis le début des années 2000 que le concept moderne de littéracie financière s'est développé chez les économistes. La littérature dans ce domaine, essentiellement empirique, s'est depuis lors considérablement enrichie. C'est aussi à cette période que l'Organisation de coopération et de développement économiques(OCDE) a d'ailleurs lancé son programme d'éducation financière pour développer la culture financière des ménages. L'objectif de cet article est de décrire les programmes de culture financière et d'éducation financière en Europe occidentale:France, Allemagne, Italie, Espagne, Suisse et Pays-Bas. Un premier constat concerne la littéracie financière:à des degrés divers, les résidents de ces pays sont loin d'avoir une forte littéracie. Un deuxième constat concerne l'hétérogénéité de la littéracie financière. Dans tous les pays, la culture financière dépend de l'âge, de l'éducation et du sexe: elle est plus élevée chez les hommes, les personnes âgées et les diplômés. Certains déterminants semblent être plus spécifiques à la culture de chaque pays: l'opinion politique en France, le passé politique en Allemagne (Ouest vs.Est), la zone linguistique en Suisse. Enfin, il apparaît que les programmes d'éducation financière existent en Europe occidentale depuis le milieu des années 2000, probablement proposés de manière plus systématique dans les pays centralisés.

If the idea of familiarizing individuals with savings is an old one, it is especially since the early 2000s that the economist's modern concept of financial literacy has been the object of particular attention. The literature, essentially empirical, has developed considerably since then. It is during this period that the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) launched its Financial Literacy Programme.The objective of this chapter was to describe financial literacy and financial education programs in Western Europe: France, Germany, Italy, Spain, Switzerland, and the Netherlands. A first observation concerns financial literacy: to varying degrees, the residents of these countries are far from financially literate. A second observation concerns the heterogeneity of financial literacy. In all countries, financial literacy depends on age, education, and gender (higher among men, older people, and graduates). Some determinants appear to be more specific to the culture of each country (for example, political opinion in France, political past history in Germany (West vs. East), or language area in Switzerland). Finally, it appears that financial education programs have been in Western Europe since the mid-2000s, probably offered more systematically in centralized countries. ; Si l'idée de familiariser les individus avec les outils de l'épargne n'est pas nouvelle, c'est surtout depuis le début des années 2000 que le concept moderne de littéracie financière s'est développé chez les économistes. La littérature dans ce domaine, essentiellement empirique, s'est depuis lors considérablement enrichie. C'est aussi à cette période que l'Organisation de coopération et de développement économiques(OCDE) a d'ailleurs lancé son programme d'éducation financière pour développer la culture financière des ménages. L'objectif de cet article est de décrire les programmes de culture financière et d'éducation financière en Europe occidentale:France, Allemagne, Italie, Espagne, Suisse et Pays-Bas. Un premier constat ...

If the idea of familiarizing individuals with savings is an old one, it is especially since the early 2000s that the economist's modern concept of financial literacy has been the object of particular attention. The literature, essentially empirical, has developed considerably since then. It is during this period that the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) launched its Financial Literacy Programme.The objective of this chapter was to describe financial literacy and financial education programs in Western Europe: France, Germany, Italy, Spain, Switzerland, and the Netherlands. A first observation concerns financial literacy: to varying degrees, the residents of these countries are far from financially literate. A second observation concerns the heterogeneity of financial literacy. In all countries, financial literacy depends on age, education, and gender (higher among men, older people, and graduates). Some determinants appear to be more specific to the culture of each country (for example, political opinion in France, political past history in Germany (West vs. East), or language area in Switzerland). Finally, it appears that financial education programs have been in Western Europe since the mid-2000s, probably offered more systematically in centralized countries. ; Si l'idée de familiariser les individus avec les outils de l'épargne n'est pas nouvelle, c'est surtout depuis le début des années 2000 que le concept moderne de littéracie financière s'est développé chez les économistes. La littérature dans ce domaine, essentiellement empirique, s'est depuis lors considérablement enrichie. C'est aussi à cette période que l'Organisation de coopération et de développement économiques(OCDE) a d'ailleurs lancé son programme d'éducation financière pour développer la culture financière des ménages. L'objectif de cet article est de décrire les programmes de culture financière et d'éducation financière en Europe occidentale:France, Allemagne, Italie, Espagne, Suisse et Pays-Bas. Un premier constat concerne la littéracie financière:à des degrés divers, les résidents de ces pays sont loin d'avoir une forte littéracie. Un deuxième constat concerne l'hétérogénéité de la littéracie financière. Dans tous les pays, la culture financière dépend de l'âge, de l'éducation et du sexe: elle est plus élevée chez les hommes, les personnes âgées et les diplômés. Certains déterminants semblent être plus spécifiques à la culture de chaque pays: l'opinion politique en France, le passé politique en Allemagne (Ouest vs.Est), la zone linguistique en Suisse. Enfin, il apparaît que les programmes d'éducation financière existent en Europe occidentale depuis le milieu des années 2000, probablement proposés de manière plus systématique dans les pays centralisés.

If the idea of familiarizing individuals with savings is an old one, it is especially since the early 2000s that the economist's modern concept of financial literacy has been the object of particular attention. The literature, essentially empirical, has developed considerably since then. It is during this period that the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) launched its Financial Literacy Programme.The objective of this chapter was to describe financial literacy and financial education programs in Western Europe: France, Germany, Italy, Spain, Switzerland, and the Netherlands. A first observation concerns financial literacy: to varying degrees, the residents of these countries are far from financially literate. A second observation concerns the heterogeneity of financial literacy. In all countries, financial literacy depends on age, education, and gender (higher among men, older people, and graduates). Some determinants appear to be more specific to the culture of each country (for example, political opinion in France, political past history in Germany (West vs. East), or language area in Switzerland). Finally, it appears that financial education programs have been in Western Europe since the mid-2000s, probably offered more systematically in centralized countries. ; Si l'idée de familiariser les individus avec les outils de l'épargne n'est pas nouvelle, c'est surtout depuis le début des années 2000 que le concept moderne de littéracie financière s'est développé chez les économistes. La littérature dans ce domaine, essentiellement empirique, s'est depuis lors considérablement enrichie. C'est aussi à cette période que l'Organisation de coopération et de développement économiques(OCDE) a d'ailleurs lancé son programme d'éducation financière pour développer la culture financière des ménages. L'objectif de cet article est de décrire les programmes de culture financière et d'éducation financière en Europe occidentale:France, Allemagne, Italie, Espagne, Suisse et Pays-Bas. Un premier constat concerne la littéracie financière:à des degrés divers, les résidents de ces pays sont loin d'avoir une forte littéracie. Un deuxième constat concerne l'hétérogénéité de la littéracie financière. Dans tous les pays, la culture financière dépend de l'âge, de l'éducation et du sexe: elle est plus élevée chez les hommes, les personnes âgées et les diplômés. Certains déterminants semblent être plus spécifiques à la culture de chaque pays: l'opinion politique en France, le passé politique en Allemagne (Ouest vs.Est), la zone linguistique en Suisse. Enfin, il apparaît que les programmes d'éducation financière existent en Europe occidentale depuis le milieu des années 2000, probablement proposés de manière plus systématique dans les pays centralisés.

If the idea of familiarizing individuals with savings is an old one, it is especially since the early 2000s that the economist's modern concept of financial literacy has been the object of particular attention. The literature, essentially empirical, has developed considerably since then. It is during this period that the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) launched its Financial Literacy Programme.The objective of this chapter was to describe financial literacy and financial education programs in Western Europe: France, Germany, Italy, Spain, Switzerland, and the Netherlands. A first observation concerns financial literacy: to varying degrees, the residents of these countries are far from financially literate. A second observation concerns the heterogeneity of financial literacy. In all countries, financial literacy depends on age, education, and gender (higher among men, older people, and graduates). Some determinants appear to be more specific to the culture of each country (for example, political opinion in France, political past history in Germany (West vs. East), or language area in Switzerland). Finally, it appears that financial education programs have been in Western Europe since the mid-2000s, probably offered more systematically in centralized countries. ; Si l'idée de familiariser les individus avec les outils de l'épargne n'est pas nouvelle, c'est surtout depuis le début des années 2000 que le concept moderne de littéracie financière s'est développé chez les économistes. La littérature dans ce domaine, essentiellement empirique, s'est depuis lors considérablement enrichie. C'est aussi à cette période que l'Organisation de coopération et de développement économiques(OCDE) a d'ailleurs lancé son programme d'éducation financière pour développer la culture financière des ménages. L'objectif de cet article est de décrire les programmes de culture financière et d'éducation financière en Europe occidentale:France, Allemagne, Italie, Espagne, Suisse et Pays-Bas. Un premier constat ...