Suchergebnisse

AbstractThe rise of the coal-mining industry in colonial Vietnam has often been associated with the French economic presence and their drastic methods of exploitation. But, beyond the confines of French mining enterprises, coal mining gave rise to transnational economic links, fuelled clandestine economic activities, and bound communities across the Chinese–Vietnamese borderland. Drawing from business and police records located at the Vietnamese national archives including those of the Société Francaise des Charbonnages du Tonkin (SFCT)—the largest French coal-mining company in Indochina, this article reveals a thriving, complex, and intersected world of criminal activities involving the theft and trafficking of explosives and opium at Tonkinese coal mines. An investigation into the patterns of these crimes and their perpetrators exposes a transnational shadow economy that managed to stay under the radar of both the French surveillance system and the Vietnamese nationalist movement. Breaking away from the metropole–colony paradigm in colonial historiography, this blended history of labour and crime provides a new lens through which to explore the dynamics of colonial rule and the interplay of the local and the global, as well as the creation of new and important inter-Asian networks.

This article explores the role of Vietnamese midwives who introduced French practices of childbirth, hygiene, and infant care to Vietnamese women and their progeny. It traces the professional and social life of colonial midwives, highlighting their difficult relationship with French doctors, their contestation of racial and gender discriminations at work, and their medical mission in rural communities, and describes how they reconciled the tension between their modernizing role and their identity as Vietnamese women. Through an investigation of these medical agents' activities, this study suggests that the midwives' commitment to professional duties might embody another way for Vietnamese women to be modern during the colonial period.

AbstractThis paper empirically examines the US–China trade war that began in mid‐2018, focusing on the impact on a third country, Vietnam. Using regression analysis, we found that while the trade war had a negative impact on US imports from China for all targeted products, there was a partial offset from increased imports from other countries. Notably, US imports from Vietnam experienced a sharp increase, particularly after the third round of US import tariffs on Chinese goods. Additionally, our research reveals that the four rounds of tariff escalation affected US imports from China differently depending on their end‐use and technology intensity.

Internal controls play an important role in any firm since they help achieve both financial and non-financial performance. Internal controls are designed to minimize risks, protect assets, ensure reliable financial reporting, increase performance, and facilitate compliance (Bashaija, 2022). This study is conducted to investigate the impact level of internal control on the performance of non-financial firms listed on the Vietnam Stock Exchange. Data were collected through a survey questionnaire with 506 survey questionnaires from listed non-financial firms. Quantitative research methods are applied to evaluate the impact of internal control on performance. The results show that internal control including five components has a significant impact on financial performance, and components of the control environment, risk assessment, control activities, and communications have direct positive effects on non-financial performance. Monitoring activities have no impact on non-financial metrics. Besides, the study also shows that non-financial indicators directly influence the financial indicators of listed non-financial firms. Based on the findings, some recommendations are proposed for enhancing the performance of non-financial listed firms.

Over several decades, the Vietnamese government has increasingly cut its investment in the public higher education system and has also introduced a cost-sharing mechanism. Under this scheme, Vietnamese public universities have been seeking other sources of revenue. Despite the bold emphasis on the need for revenue diversification in higher education in Vietnam, there is little empirical evidence of the status quo of Vietnamese public higher education finance. The purpose of this paper was to fill this research gap by using the Hirschman–Herfindahl Index to estimate the degree of financial diversity in 51 public universities in Vietnam between 2015 and 2017. Our findings revealed that all institutions in this study were unsustainable due to their weak financial diversity. Suggestions for policy makers and university leaders that may enhance financial sustainability include the adoption of performance-based financial allocations and the implementation of capacity-building programs for universities with regard to fund-raising and entrepreneurship skills.

This study aims to examine the impact of undergoing a central quarantine due to the lockdown of Bach Mai hospital on the psychological disorders and identify associated factors with depression among hospital employees in central hospitals of Hanoi, Vietnam. Employing a cross-sectional design, the study collected data from staff working in the lockdown hospital and other central hospitals during 1 week after the lockdown happened. The sample size included 373 staff from 3 hospitals, the study time was. Depression was tested using PH-Q9 scale. Multivariate logistics regression was employed to test for the impact of central quarantine on depression and identify other significant related factors. The study confirmed a high burden of psychological issues that hospital employees were facing. Staff working in the lockdown hospital had 2.3 times higher odds of being perceived depression than others. Those who contact directly about 21 to 20 patients/day had 3.19-times higher odds of being perceived depression than others. Staff who being stigmatization associated with COVID-19 had 2.63 times higher odds of perceived depression than others. Reducing these associated factors to depression may help to reduce the psychological burden HEs have to cope with during the pandemic.

Nguyen Van Chuong,1 Dinh Cong Pho,2 Nguyen Thi Thanh Thuy,3 Dinh Toan Nguyen,4 Nguyen The Luan,5 Luu Hong Minh,5 Luong Thi Khai,6 Nguyen Thuy Linh,3 Nguyen Trung Kien7 1Department of Neurology, Military Hospital 103, Vietnam Military Medical University, Ha Noi, Vietnam; 2Faculty of Medicine, Vietnam Military Medical University, Ha Dong District, Ha Noi, Vietnam; 3General Hospital District No 8, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam; 4Hue Medical and Pharmacy University, Hue City, Vietnam; 5Tien Giang University, My Tho City, Tien Giang Province, Vietnam; 6Lang Son Medical Institute, Lang Son City, Lang Son Province, Vietnam; 7Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, Military Hospital 103, Vietnam Military Medical University, Ha Noi, Vietnam Objective: To describe the rate and demographics of pain among Vietnamese people in 48 provinces and describe the impact of pain on individuals, levels of satisfaction with treatment results, and behavior of pain sufferers.Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted in adults presenting to outpatient clinics throughout 48 provinces in Vietnam and were randomly selected for inclusion in this study. A physician trained to administer a questionnaire in a standardized fashion interviewed each patient and collected data regarding gender, age, career, acute and chronic pain, diagnoses, treatment, and satisfaction with treatment.Results: There were 12,136 respondents (50.65% male and 49.35% female) from 48 of the 63 provinces in Vietnam. About 86.53% of respondents reported experiencing pain that affected their daily lives, with 24.10% complaining of acute pain and 62.43% having chronic pain. About 67.71% reported pain that affected job performance. Headache was the most common complaint in 35.43% of the respondents. Fewer than half (43.35%) of all patients with pain sought help from a doctor; only a quarter (27.50%) sought help within 1 month of experiencing that pain. A majority (61.98%) of patients who did seek help were satisfied with treatment results. The median cost of treatment was between 150 and 250 USD.Conclusion: Pain severe enough to impact patients' daily lives is common in Vietnam. Treatment costs are a significant economic burden and may help explain why only a minority of patients seek treatment. Access to lower cost, effective treatment for pain should be improved. Keywords: survey, chronic pain, impact of pain, health care, Vietnamese adults

AbstractIntroductionMonitoring the population‐level emergence and transmission of HIV drug resistance (HIVDR) is necessary for supporting public health programmes. This study provides a nationally representative prevalence estimate of HIVDR in people initiating antiretroviral therapy (ART) and estimates of acquired HIVDR and viral load (VL) suppression in people who have received it for 12 or ≥48 months in Vietnam.MethodsThe study was conducted between September 2017 and March 2018 following World Health Organization guidance. Thirty ART clinics were randomly sampled using probability proportional to size sampling from a total of 367 ART clinics in the country.Results and DiscussionIn total, 409 patients initiating ART were enrolled into the survey of pre‐treatment HIVDR. The prevalence of any pre‐treatment HIVDR was 5.8% (95% CI 3.4–9.5%), and the prevalence of non‐nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor resistance was 3.4% (95% CI 1.8–6.2%). Four hundred twenty‐nine patients on ART for 12±3 months and 723 patients on ART for ≥48 months were enrolled into the surveys of acquired HIVDR. The prevalence of VL suppression (defined as <1000 copies/ml) in patients on ART for 12±3 and ≥48 months was 95.5% (95% CI 91.3–97.8%) and 96.1% (95% CI 93.2–97.8%), respectively. Among individuals with viral non‐suppression, any HIVDR was detected in 11/14 (weighted prevalence 74.3%) of those on ART for 12±3 months and in 24/27 (weighted prevalence 88.5%) of those receiving ART for ≥48 months.ConclusionsThis nationally representative study of HIVDR found high levels of VL suppression among those on ART for 12 and ≥48 months. Overall, high levels of VL suppression at both time points suggested good adherence among patients receiving ART and quality of treatment services in Vietnam.Clinical Trial NumberNot applicable