Suchergebnisse

AMERICAN-SOVIET DETENTE AND THE PACE OF RECONCILIATION IN CENTRAL EUROPE HAVE SLOWED. THE REDUCED PACE OF OSTPOLITIK MUST BE VIEWED IN REGARD TO THE COMPLEX AND FRAGILE BASIS UPON WHICH RAPPROCHEMENT IN CENTRAL EUROPE WAS CONSTRUCTED.

This volume collects the papers from a conference in honor of J. Michael Finger on the occasion of his retirement from the World Bank. The papers cover a number of important issues in the analysis of policy reform and the political economy of policy reform. In particular, papers focus on the political economy of trade liberalization, the role of international agencies in policy reform, policy learning, and the application of economic analysis in policy reform

ROMANIA, TO A MUCH MORE COMPLETE EXTENT THAN ELSEWHERE IN THE FORMER SOVIET BLOC, WAS DESPOILED AN EXHAUSTED BY THE SEVERITY OF CEAUSESCU'S DICTATORSHIP AND BY THE CULTURAL, POLITICAL AND SOCIOECONOMIC COSTS ROMANIA INCURRED FROM SUCH TYRANNY. NOW, THE NATION FACES ETHNIC TENSION ARISING FROM A TERRITORIAL DISPUTE WITH HUNGARY, THE POSSIBILITY OF CONFLICT WITH AN ENLARGED, WELL-ARMED SERBIA, CONFLICT WITH AN INDEPENDENT UKRAINE GOVERNED BY THE RIGHT-WING NATIONALISM OF RUKH, AND DANGERS OF MASS MIGRATION GENERATED BY TURMOIL IN THE FORMER SOVIET UNION. IN ADDITION, ROMANIA CONFRONTS A MULTITUDE OF INTERNAL THREATS FROM THE FOLLOWING DANGERS: ETHNONATIONALISM, THE POLITICAL STRAINS OF MARKETIZATION, THE RESISTANCE OF AN OLD NOMENKLATURA TO CHANGE, UNCERTAIN CIVILIAN AUTHORITY OVER MILITARY AND SECURITY FORCES, AND WIDESPREAD SUSPICION AND APATHY OF CITIZENS TOWARD POLITICIANS AND GOVERNMENT OF ANY KIND. MANAGEMENT OF THESE PROBLEMS WILL REQUIRE CONSIDERABLE DIPLOMATIC AND POLITICAL SKILL, GROUNDED IN A NATIONAL CONSENSUS ABOUT FUNDAMENTAL ISSUES. ROMANIANS WILL HAVE TO BE HELPED FAR MORE, HOWEVER, BY WESTERN DEMOCRACIES THAT UNDERSTAND THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE NATION'S SECURITY AND THAT OF POST-COMMUNIST EUROPE.

BULGARIA'S REVOLUTION HAS BEEN SO FAR MUTED BY COMPARISON WITH OTHER ERSTWHILE MEMBERS OF THE SOVIET "BLOC". BULGARIA HAS WITNESSED A SLOW BUT SURE DIMINUTION OF THE BULGARIAN COMMUNIST PARTY'S POLITICAL DOMINANCE. THIS ARTICLE QUESTIONS HOW HAS THE BULGARIAN PEOPLE'S ARMY--THE ARMED FORCES OF BULGARIA--CONTRIBUTED TO, OR BEEN AFFECTED BY, THE SOCIAL AND POLITICAL MOVEMENTS WITHIN THE COUNTRY? HOW WILL IT RESPOND, AND WHAT ARE LIKELY ROLES FOR THE ARMY IN BUGARIA'S POLITICAL FUTURE?

Examines the set of norms, rules and institutions (the regime) which regulate the domestic politics of international trade policy in the US. Explains the simultaneous occurance of successful participation in multilateral trade liberalization in the GATT and rising levels of protection via the administered protection mechanisms. The explanation of this phenomenon is the development of a new institutional definition of trade policy that permitted executive dominance of trade policy, in conjunction with a changed perception of the role of trade policy by the executives branch. (Abstract amended)