Suchergebnisse

In recent years, local economic development (LED) has become a widely practised development strategy in the countries of the North at both the local government and community levels. LED is less widely implemented in the South where, in most instances, it appears to be still in an incipient phase. This paper investigates the current status of LED in South Africa, where, over the past decade, local governments, community groups and non-governmental organisations (NGOs) have become significantly more active in locality-based economic development. Several local governments have established comprehensive LED programmes including the establishment of LED units and the pursuit of a range of developmental strategies, whilst in parallel, an array of community and NGO initiatives are in place. In almost all cases, however, results are still of a rather limited nature and this paper assesses some of the reasons for this situation.

Cover -- Half Title -- Series Page -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- List of Figures -- List of Tables -- Preface -- Acknowledgements -- List of Abbreviations -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Literature Review -- 3 Evaluating Local Economic Development Initiatives -- 4 South Africa's Space Economy and the Eastern Cape's Key Historical, Economic and Spatial Features -- 5 Incipient Local Economic Development in the Eastern Cape: 1909-1955 -- 6 Regional Development Planning in the Eastern Cape, 1940-1993 -- 7 Evolving Local Economic Development Policy and Practice in South Africa -- 8 Community Initiated and Driven Local Economic Development in a Small Town: The Case of Stutterheim, 1990-1996 -- 9 External Facilitation and Support of a Locally Initiated Local Economic Development Strategy: The Case of Seymour -- 10 Community Initiated Local Economic Development in the Rural District of Hertzog -- 11 Externally Supported and Initiated Local Economic Development in Kei Road -- 12 External Attempts to Induce Local Economic Development and Job Creation Programmes in Rural Communities in the Border Corridor -- 13 Local Economic Development in the City of East London: 1992-1996 -- 14 Assessment, Findings and Comparison with International Experience -- 15 Conclusion and Policy Recommendations -- Bibliography.

Designed for planners, this book examines why care is needed in the urban environment and includes real-world examples that examine how planners can create nurturing environments, include all who live there, build sensitively, support meaningful livelihoods, and enable compassionate governance.

Introduction -- PART 1: SOCIAL INNOVATION AS A TOOL FOR DEMARGINALIZATION, Pierre-Antoine Landel and Sabine Girard: Questioning the Transformative Capacity of Social Innovation: The Example of Agroecology Transition in the Drôme Valley (FR) -- Juan-Luis Klein: Social Innovation, Knowledge and Local Revitalization: a case of knowledge co-construction in a local rural community -- Mélanie Doyon, Juan-Luis Klein , Pierre-André Tremblay and Camille Arsenault-Hétu: Local Community and Social Enterprise: a food security oriented initiative in Saint-Camille -- PART 2: REGIONS, REGIONAL POTENTIALS, REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT AND GEOGRAPHICAL MARGINALITY, Walter Leimgruber: Rich country – 'poor' regions: fighting regional disparities in Switzerland -- Tomasz Komornicki and Konrad Czapiewski: Economic Lagging and Regional Development – some narrative stories from Podkarpackie, Poland -- Jerzy Banski: The evaluation of local resources from the point of view of their role as factors underpinning development in the marginal regions of eastern Poland 16 -- Walter Leimgruber: Nature Parks: valorising regional potential. The example of the Gruyère Pays-d'Enhaut regional nature park -- Etienne Nel & Teresa Stevenson: Responding to Marginalization in Australia through regional and local action, with a specific focus on Western Australia -- PART 3: POLICIES, ACTIONS AND OTHER RESPONSES TO MARGINALITY, Toivo Muilu: Policies of sparsely populated rural areas in Finland -- Krystian Heffner, Agniesza Latocha: Desolated villages as example of spatial, economic and social marginalization in the Polish-Czech borderland -- Hugo Capella: Ibiza: A disrupting merge -- Raularian Rusu, Titus Man and Sandu Ciprian Moldovan: The impact of motorway building on the accessibility to marginal areas in the West Region of Romania. .