Suchergebnisse

In Russia, a considerable positive experience in preventing and combating trafficking in human beings is accumulated, which manifests itself in the adoption of relevant legislation, creation of corresponding structures within the law-enforcement agencies, and elaboration of practices for effective interdepartmental and international cooperation between the law enforcing agencies, as well as between the state authorities, local authorities and the NGOs. The main problems stem from the lack of a national strategy (program) to combat trafficking in human beings and assist victims of trafficking, 11 11 The program on Cooperation of the CIS countries against human trafficking for 2011 - 2013, approved by the heads of CIS member states on December 10, 2010, allows for country-specific actions at the national level. and from the lack of mechanisms to support of the Russian NGOs that work in this direction ; Consortium for Applied Research on International Migration (CARIM-East) is co-financed by the European University Institute and the European Union

Russia is a country attracting migrants, migration policy is focused on the immigration and labour migration, the challenges of emigration are considered minor. In the 1990s emigration was conceptualized as a "brain drain" problem and the main goal of the migration policy was the restraint of the outflow of the high-qualified personnel. In the 2000s, due to the decrease of the emigration, the major aim is seen as return of emigrants, though the mechanisms of its implementation have not been created. ; Consortium for Applied Research on International Migration (CARIM-East) is co-financed by the European University Institute and the European Union

While xenophobic sentiments are always present in a society1 Whom is xenophobia directed against? How are migrant-phobias related to xenophobia? What are the hidden underlying factors behind the rise of xenophobia and the aggression towards the "others"? Is there a connection between the prevalence of xenophobia and the functioning of social institutions and social setting? , they have become widespread in the 2000s. In 2002-2012, the share of respondents who do not feel hostility towards representatives of other nationalities decreased by over a quarter. The slogan "Russia for the Russians", which is supported not only by the Russians, but also by the representatives of the traditional minorities within Russia, has been increasingly popular in the 2000s. In November 2012, only 23% of the respondents reacted negatively to it, considering it properly fascist - as opposed to 30% in 1998 (Levada Centre in 2012a, p.176, 179). ; Consortium for Applied Research on International Migration (CARIM-East) is co-financed by the European University Institute and the European Union

CARIM-East: Creating an Observatory of Migration East of Europe ; This is the translated version of CARIM-East RR 2013/01 ; Demographic forecasts are not very optimistic: in the nearest future the problems of depopulation and labor force deficit in Russia will only get worse. The inflow of migrants will grow, but it will not become a global challenge for the country unless adaptation and integration of migrants is successful. ; CARIM-East is co-financed by the European University Institute and the European Union.

The acceptance of Russian citizens residing abroad and returning to Russia voluntarily or by force is not so relevant for the Russian Federation (although, obviously the problems of their integration are underestimated and ignored), as are the issues of the return of foreign citizens and stateless persons, especially those who violated national legislation, or under readmission agreements. The problem is aggravated by the fact that, readmission agreements have not been signed with most of the donor states from which migrants arrive to Russia on a massive scale. In fact, most of the migrants arrive from the countries that have visa-free regimes with the Russian Federation. The latter circumstance, allied to the inefficient organization of expulsion of undesired foreigners from the country, provokes the growth of xenophobic spirit and the popularity of suggestions to introduce visa regimes with donor states; above all, with Central Asian and Transcaucasian states. It is probably fair to say that governmental institutions as well as non-governmental organizations in Russia should pay more attention to the issues of voluntary return of foreign citizens to their countries of citizenship or permanent stay. ; Consortium for Applied Research on International Migration (CARIM-East) is co-financed by the European University Institute and the European Union

The resolution of problems for asylum seekers, refugees, and IDPs encounters resistance, due to the cautious attitude of Federal government authorities, state governments, local governments, and the host population. The prevalence of a xenophobic attitude, pressure of non-governmental organizations that work with asylum seekers, and the weakness of civil society institutions create a distorted picture of the unimportance of this contingent's problems, and weakens the potential readiness of the government and society for emergency situations related to the flow of asylum-seekers ; Consortium for Applied Research on International Migration (CARIM-East) is co-financed by the European University Institute and the European Union

Positions of registered Russian political parties with regards to migration policy issues are studied in the paper. The author analyzes program documents and electoral platforms of parties which were in play during the latest parliamentary elections. ; Consortium for Applied Research on International Migration (CARIM-East) is co-financed by the European University Institute and the European Union

This text presents the results of an analysis on the coverage of migration issues by the Russian mass media. The author comes to the conclusion that migration policy is examined by the Russian mass media within the context of domestic political confrontation, and that the political orientation of a publication predetermines its approach to the coverage of migration issues. In the majority of articles, an emotional description of migration issues and the construction of a negative perception of migrants by public opinion are prevalent. Mass media relay stereotypes of the public conscience with its rooted xenophobic moods. In the Russian information space, alarmist moods are dominant, transforming the discussion of migration issues into a discourse of crisis and a discourse of trauma. ; Consortium for Applied Research on International Migration (CARIM-East) is co-financed by the European University Institute and the European Union

CARIM-East: Creating an Observatory of Migration East of Europe ; Labour migration is discussed here in the context of the transformation of the Russian market and labour migrants' communication with their host society. Of central importance is the analysis of changes in the labour market and how these changes affect the structure of employment for migrant workers, their inclusion in local labour markets and labour mobility, the prevalence of illegal and informal employment. It is concluded that the functioning of the Russian labour market and its institutional design and the rules that restrict migrants' access to decent work exacerbate social inequalities and con-tribute to the marginalization of migrant workers. Particular attention is paid to: migrants' interaction with social institutions and the population of the host country; factors that contribute to the breaking of ties with the send-ing society; the social exclusion of migrants in the host community; as well as problems of the social exclusion of certain vulnerable groups of migrants. The interaction of labour migrants with internal migrants is discussed, prevailing rela-tions (competition, complementarity) in the labour market are described. ; CARIM-East is co-financed by the European University Institute and the European Union.

This article examines the conceptual changes in the foundation of state migration policy and its fundamental components: the legal basis, organizational foundations, as well as instruments for its implementation and financing. The author comes to the conclusion that the cardinal change in the course of migration policy undertaken in 2005-2006 that aimed at its liberalization, was inconsistent and accompanied by recoils. The reversibility of Russia's migration policy is largely defined by the lack of societal consensus regarding the country's development strategy and the fluctuating domestic political circumstances. ; Consortium for Applied Research on International Migration (CARIM-East) is co-financed by the European University Institute and the European Union

The principal subject of this paper concerns circular migrants entering the Russian Federation. The paper assesses a variety of issues, including appraisals and circular migration scales, sociodemographic profiles of circular migrants, and the presence of such migrants within the Russian labour market (including the types of economic activity concerned and the distribution of the various migrants amongst professional groups). Various ways and modalities of discourses concerning circular migration itself and the prospects of circular migration in Russia are analyzed. ; Consortium for Applied Research on International Migration (CARIM-East) is co-financed by the European University Institute and the European Union