Suchergebnisse

Intro -- Foreword: A Timely and Compelling Volume -- Preface and Overview of the Book -- Organization -- Target Audience -- Pedagogy -- Critical Learning Resources and Activities -- Acknowledgments -- Contents -- Notes on Contributors -- List of Figures -- List of Tables -- Part I: Foundations of Sustainable Community Health -- 1: Concepts and Models in Sustainable Community Health -- Introduction -- Defining Sustainable Community Health -- Social Sustainability -- Economic Sustainability -- Environmental Sustainability -- Negotiating the Social, Economic, and Environmental Sustenance Pillars -- Summary and Conclusion -- References -- 2: Health Disparities and Their Impact on Community Health -- Introduction -- Professional Definitions -- History of Research and Practice -- Pertinent Sustainable Community Health-Oriented Approaches -- Community-Engaged Approaches -- The Community Member as an Integral Part of the Team in the Community-Engaged Approach to Health Equity -- Cultural, Legislative, and Professional Issues -- Related Disciplines Influencing Community-Oriented Health Aspects -- Research Critical to Issues Discussed in the Chapter -- Summary and Conclusion -- References -- 3: Creating Livable Communities -- Introduction -- Professional and Legal Definitions -- History of Research and Practice in Livable Communities -- Pertinent Sustainable Community Health Approaches -- Housing -- Community Design -- Choices and Affordability -- Community Resilience and Sustainability and the Nonprofit Response -- Walkability -- Community Resilience and Nonprofit Response -- Community Access -- Daily Living -- Technology and Information -- Community Resilience and Nonprofit Response -- Cultural, Legislative, and Professional Issues That Impact the Sustainable Community Health Approaches -- Systems Change.

Grounded in a trans-disciplinary approach, this groundbreaking text provides extensive, evidence-based information on the value of communities as the primary drivers of their own health and wellbeing. It describes foundational community health concepts and procedures and presents proven strategies for engaging communities as resources for their own health improvement-an important determinant of individual wellbeing. It is based on recommendations by WHO's International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health and on the premise that healthy communities are those with populations th

Abstract The UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, in Australia, acts as a philosophical and moral statement and framework guiding integrated and strategic policy across the nation. Broad policy agreement has been reached by governments, and both the government and non-government sectors are developing strategies for implementation or evaluation. There is however a need for a more integrated approach to disability policy and information, reflecting all three components of the Italian project: • legislation and a high level philosophical framework and policy guide; • a technical framework that can underpin specific policies and programs aiming to achieve the major goals; and , • a language and set of tools, relating to both the above, that provide infrastructure for assessment methods and information systems. The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) is the ideal tool to support the latter two components, consistent with the UN Convention. While the ICF has been used as the basis for national data standards, in population surveys and in the national data collection on disability support services, there is considerable scope for greater use of it, including using all domains of the Activities and Participation and the Environmental Factors component for policy, information and service provision, to advance a disability-inclusive society. Information available from the income support system and from generic services could be enhanced by reference to the ICF components. It would be of significant national value in Australia, especially as a 'continuum of care' is desired, if consistency of concepts and information were expanded across health and social welfare sectors. It would then be possible to obtain consistent data from health, aged care, disability and community services systems about key aspects of health and functioning, building a consolidated picture of access and experience across these sectors. Without attention to all three components of the Italian project and continuing effort to meet the challenges identified in this paper, it will not be possible to determine whether the goals of Australia's National Disability Agreement or the ambitions of the Convention are achieved.

(1) Background: Migrant and refugee youth's (MRY's) sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHRs) are a global health issue. MRY encounter adverse SRH experiences due to limited access to and knowledge of SRHRs services. Using a socioecological framework, this study examined the barriers affecting MRY's SRHRs. (2) Methods: A cross-sectional study utilising a participatory action research design was used. A total of 87 MRY (ages 16–26, from 20 cultural groups within Greater Western Sydney, Australia) completed seventeen focus group discussions on their SRHRs experiences. The focus groups were co-facilitated by youth project liaisons to ensure their authenticity and validity. The data were analysed thematically and interpreted using socioecological theory. (3) Results: The findings identified socioecological barriers, a lack of awareness about and access to services, and sociocultural dissonance as leading to the under-implementation of SRHRs services. These barriers included cultural disconnects, language barriers, remote service locations, intergenerational cultural conflicts, and ineffective SRHRs services. The key themes identified included traditional and institutional stigma, lack of SRH education, reliance on social media for SRH information, and privacy concerns. (4) Conclusions: There is a limited consideration of MRY's SRHRs and the impact of intergenerational discordance and stigma on MRY's rights. The findings suggest the necessity for a collaborative SRHRs strategy and policy design that empowers MRY's agency across multicultural contexts.

AbstractYoung adulthood is a crucial life stage, during which major sexual and reproductive health (SRH) development occurs, and gender norms are often entrenched. Australian migrant and refugee youth (MRY) have particular SRH experiences and vulnerabilities such as under-use of services, higher rates of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), unplanned pregnancy, and experiences of community and family stigma. There is limited research on how gender intersects with ethnicity, migrant status and age to inform understandings and realisation of sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR). Explorations of how gender shapes SRHR have typically been unilateral, focusing on one gender: there is a significant gap in scholarship investigating gender differences among MRY experiences of SRHR. This study will fill this gap, contributing to conceptual knowledge about the experience of SRHR among migrant and refugee youth. This cross-sectional study collected data from 107 MRY aged 15–27 years, living in Western Sydney, Australia. An online survey – including multiple-choice, Likert-scale, and open-text questions – examining behaviour, knowledge, attitudes, service utilisation and rights awareness was used. Key measures included knowledge of various contraceptives and STIs; vaccination rates; attitudes towards SRH taboos; and service use. Participants were recruited using snowball and purposive sampling, incorporating recruitment via social media, community and social service organisations, and word of mouth. Univariate descriptive analysis and bivariate gender analysis were conducted using IBM SPSS. Most participants were female (69%). Non-consensual experiences were gendered: there was a significant association between gender and being pressured into sex (p = < 0.001), with 45% of females experiencing pressure compared with 9% of males, and males significantly more comfortable discussing consent with partners than females (p = .011). Knowledge outcomes were, however, poorer among males, who had significantly lower contraceptive awareness (p = .023), and lower STI awareness. Service access was conspicuously low, with three quarters of participants unaware of local SRH services. Male participants were significantly more likely to select not applicable when asked which services they had used, indicating non-use. In attitudes towards key SRH taboos, females were consistently more liberal than males. Male and female MRY have gender-specific SRHR vulnerabilities. Issues of consent disproportionately impact young women, while males have lower service access and SRH knowledge. Future policy development must consider shared experiences – engaging youth with services – and gender-specific needs – targeting young men in SRH education, addressing continued consent issues.