Suchergebnisse

This thesis examines absence from work due to sickness in Spain. The first chapter reviews the current state of knowledge related to theory, as well as empirical evidence relating to sickness absence in an economic context. The economic literature has stressed that labour supply factors such as gender and age are important in determining sickness absence, but, according to the empirical evidence, the effect of these two variables is uncertain. Chapters 2 and 3 aim to shed light on this debate by providing empirical evidence regarding the effect of gender and age, respectively, on sickness absence from work. Finally, Chapter 4 examines the contribution of government intervention in occupational health and safety (OSH) in giving rise to spatial differences in the incidence of workplace accidents.

Este artículo revisa los resultados del mercado de trabajo spañol en comparación con lo acontecido en otros países de la Unión Europea. Se realiza un análisis descriptivo de la posición relativa de España en esos resultados, incidiendo en los cambios acaecidos durante la última crisis. A continuación, se utiliza lo anterior para entender el problema de gran oscilación del empleo (y del desempleo) de la economía española y la persistencia de una elevada tasa de paro estructural, terminando con un análisis de los nuevos problemas de desigualdad que se perfilan para el futuro inmediato. Una sección final ofrece unas reflexiones de conjunto sobre las reformas estructurales y el Estado de Bienestar. ; In this article, we focus on the outcomes of the Spanish labour market from a comparative perspective respect to other countries of the European Union. A descriptive analysis presents the main consequences of the latest crisis. We use these elements to understand the two biggest problems of the Spanish labour market (the huge waves of employment and unemployment, and the high unemployment rate in the long-term), jointly with the concerns on wage and income inequality for the next future. A final section concludes discussing about the design of structural reforms and changes in the Welfare State.

This Chapter investigates the long‐term trends in the reallocation of employment across sectors, and assesses their implications for overall working conditions and employment arrangements. Results show that differences in working conditions are sizeable across sectors, so that employment shifts across sectors have the potential to change the quality of employment. However, improvements along this dimension hinge on the assumption that transitioning workers are able to find jobs with better working conditions, which is by no means guaranteed.