Suchergebnisse

After its emergence in the sphere of international aid, it is still difficult to light upon a consensus about what exactly good governance is. Discussions on the concept have thrown up a succession of proposals regarding organizational and procedural structures, constraining theoretical-political debate. A genealogical deconstruction of the history of the word shows that its different discursive traditions only relate to technical issues and ideas, while the ideological background and political imperatives remain the same. Good Governance itself has a strong dose of vigilante underpinnings that restricts the intellectual and political debate to a narrow frame of general ideas: the recognition of the liberal/capitalist democracies focussing on economic goals as the be-all and end-all of good governance. It is necessary to determine if good governance acts as an ideological concept or as a theoretical political tool. This article suggests the need for rethinking good governance to bring it into line with good judgement and thus making it into a useful theoretical tool instead of an ideological straightjacket. Adapted from the source document.

Debido a las características del nuevo mercado global de apuestas deportivas online, una práctica histórica del deporte, como la manipulación de competiciones, sufrió una reconfiguración radical. El amaño de partido se transformó en un fenómeno relacionado con la infiltración del crimen organizado transnacional en el deporte. La sucesión de escándalos a nivel internacional llevó a que el tema sea introducido en las agendas políticas de organismos internacionales, gobiernos y fuerzas de seguridad. Este contexto propició la emergencia de una nueva área de estudios sociales con diversas líneas de financiamiento y con impacto internacional debido al interés político, económico y social por el problema. Sudamérica no está exenta del problema. Pero a pesar de que los casos de amaño relacionados con apuestas comienzan a multiplicarse, el interés de la academia por el tema continúa a ser escueto. Este artículo defiende la importancia de estudiar el tema y presenta una agenda de investigación y acción para la región.

Abstract
Corruption has been perceived as one of the main problems in Portuguese politics and society. However, the phenomenon is not new for the country. Therefore, this article tries to identify the ways in which tolerance to corruption is disseminated among various social classes. In order for a source of unrest to persist for a length of time, it requires a high degree of social tolerance. Using data from a 2006 survey (corruption and ethics in democracy project), this article presents a portrait of how different social classes correspond to different types of tolerance to parochial corruption. These groups have different views regarding the phenomenon as well as certain forms of non-transactive corruption that reproduce tolerance to corruption.

Abstract
To overcome the global crisis, Portugal sought to internationalize its economy. Latin America, a region that grew steadily for a decade, has become a region of interest for the Iberian country. This article analyses the changes to the diplomatic and commercial schemes between both regions and explains how, when, by whom and through which strategies these relations have been modified. While Brazil continues to be the privileged partner, Portugal is strengthening its relationship with new strategic countries, primarily the components of the Pacific Alliance. As a result, the historical negative balance of trade became positive in 2012. The data show greater dynamism in commercial exchanges and political relations in recent years and the incorporation of new political actors designed to stimulate and deepen bilateral relations. Although several authors point to Portugal as a state that promotes economic diplomacy, this article suggests that what has prevailed in strengthening relations with Latin America is a commercial and business diplomacy, leaning heavily on key political actors and 'anchor' companies installed in the new markets. The ideological affinity of governments appears to be a determining factor in extending political and commercial ties. As other works have shown, this case study proves a positive correlation between trade/investment state agencies and diplomatic activities and the increase in bilateral trade flows.

Corruption is deviant behaviour from legal and social norms, observable in both dictatorships and democracies, and salient in different periods of the history of mankind. Studying corruption in dictatorships is particularly challenging due to the fact that freedom of expression is censored and there is little (if any) reliable information about the enforcement of legal provisions. This article provides a contribution to the growing literature on the role of legislatures in dictatorships by focusing on parliamentary debates on corruption as a discourse control mechanism. The case of the Portuguese legislature during theEstado Novois paradigmatic in that regard. The National Assembly, as it will be demonstrated in this article, was able to shift the debate on corruption from the legal to the moral dimension and, thus, deprive citizens, and in particular the opposition, of objective standards to hold regime elites accountable for their misconduct.