Suchergebnisse

Based on hundreds of interviews conducted with under-thirty-year-olds across the globe, as well as executives' perspectives on changing dynamics in the workplace, Generation Why provides a thorough study of how the worldview of millennials and generation Z informs their ideas about truth, hierarchy, and leadership.

chapter 1 Modern Theory and Ancient Practice: Is Globalization New? -- chapter 2 The Temple-Palace Conglomerate: Trade and Enterprise 3500–2000 BCE -- chapter 3 The Golden Age of Temple Capitalism: Mesopotamia and India 2250–2000 BCE -- chapter 4 Assyria and Babylon: Previewing the Multinational in The Middle Bronze Age (2000–1500 BCE) -- chapter 5 Maritime Capitalism at High Tide: Trade and Investment under the Phoenicians 1500–500 BCE -- chapter 6 Entrepreneurs of the Aegean: The Greek Free-Market Revolution, 825–480 BCE -- chapter 7 Publicans and Patriarchs: The Triumph of Roman Family Enterprise: 146 BCE–14CE -- chapter 8 The Hellenistic Climax: India, China and Rome 331–100 BCE -- chapter 9 Beyond Globalization: Business and Culture.

In this article we discuss the characteristics of knowledge that lead to practical utility. We first review previous efforts at identifying the characteristics of useful knowledge. These contributions are grouped into three perspectives according to which representational mode they imply: propositional, narrative, or visual. We develop a framework for pragmatic validity that encompasses knowledge represented in all three modes. However, we also note an over-reliance on the propositional mode in academia, which contrasts with a preference for narrative and visual knowledge among practitioners. Explicit and propositional knowledge are key criteria for achieving scientific validity, but more ambiguous knowledge serves important functions in organizational life and may thus possess pragmatic validity. We highlight the role of conceptual models expressed in a visual format, a representational mode that has received little attention in the literature. We end with suggestions for further research that may extend the notion of pragmatic validity and lead to a more refined framework for the development of useful knowledge.