Determination of the Variance of Rough Water Surface Slopes from Blurred Snell's Circle Boundary
In: Известия Российской академии наук. Физика атмосферы и океана, Band 49, Heft 5, S. 615-626
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In: Известия Российской академии наук. Физика атмосферы и океана, Band 49, Heft 5, S. 615-626
In: Die Welt der Slaven: internationale Halbjahresschrift für Slavistik, Band 61, Heft 2, S. 230-253
ISSN: 2193-5475
In: Gênero & Direito, Band 8, Heft 5
ISSN: 2179-7137
Hankenstein Code (Vienna Octoix) is the collection of liturgical texts dating by the XII-XIII centuries or by the beginning of the XIIIth century. Since 1804, the general descriptions of the collection appear in the works by I.A. Ganke von Gankenstein, J. Dobrovsky, S. Smal-Stotsky, A. Sobolevsky, Yu. Shevelev, G. Birkfellner. Nowadays, there is no satisfactory analysis of the Code text at all levels, including graphic one. In order to study the spelling and the paleographic features of the manuscript, the main text, the inscriptions and the drawings on the fields, ornaments, the material for writing, the present state of the manuscript and its parts were described. We found that the text was written by two scribes, characterized the manner of writing each of them, determined the differences in the graphics and spelling (different use of the letters я, 1, 8 and o). A large number of external letters was noted and 7 basic traits of the title were described, 3 types of superscripts and 6 types of inline signs were fixed, their graphic and functional features were described. For the first time corrections and the entries were described on the margins of the manuscript. The examples found in the text of the letters э, е and и, в and оу proved the hypothesis of the southwestern origin of the monument.
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted routine hospital services globally. This study estimated the total number of adult elective operations that would be cancelled worldwide during the 12 weeks of peak disruption due to COVID-19. Methods: A global expert response study was conducted to elicit projections for the proportion of elective surgery that would be cancelled or postponed during the 12 weeks of peak disruption. A Bayesian β-regression model was used to estimate 12-week cancellation rates for 190 countries. Elective surgical case-mix data, stratified by specialty and indication (surgery for cancer versus benign disease), were determined. This case mix was applied to country-level surgical volumes. The 12-week cancellation rates were then applied to these figures to calculate the total number of cancelled operations. Results: The best estimate was that 28 404 603 operations would be cancelled or postponed during the peak 12 weeks of disruption due to COVID-19 (2 367 050 operations per week). Most would be operations for benign disease (90·2 per cent, 25 638 922 of 28 404 603). The overall 12-week cancellation rate would be 72·3 per cent. Globally, 81·7 per cent of operations for benign conditions (25 638 922 of 31 378 062), 37·7 per cent of cancer operations (2 324 070 of 6 162 311) and 25·4 per cent of elective caesarean sections (441 611 of 1 735 483) would be cancelled or postponed. If countries increased their normal surgical volume by 20 per cent after the pandemic, it would take a median of 45 weeks to clear the backlog of operations resulting from COVID-19 disruption. Conclusion: A very large number of operations will be cancelled or postponed owing to disruption caused by COVID-19. Governments should mitigate against this major burden on patients by developing recovery plans and implementing strategies to restore surgical activity safely.
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