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Based on colonial records, ethnographic studies, & fieldwork conducted in 1978-1988, an overview of the economic status & societal relationships of peasant tribal communities in rural northeastern India is presented. The geography of the region, traditional customs of the villagers, & the agrarian system are described, & impacts of state-sponsored development programs, the increasing presence of market forces, & the rapidly increasing tribal population explored. It is concluded that a transition from shifting agriculture, common property, & collectivity to permanent property & the accumulation of personal income & wealth is occurring, & will ultimately cause the disappearance of the traditional tribal community. 3 Photographs, 25 References. Modified AA

The tribal peasant communities of India's north-east region, whose traditional economy of shifting agriculture rested on the principles of common, community property in land, reciprocity, sharing, labour co-operation and kinship and was largely self-sufficient, has been giving way to an economy of permanent, settled agriculture based on private property in land, personal income and wealth. (SJK)

SUMMARYThe object of this paper is two‐fold. First, an attempt has been made to show that under certain specific circumstances a livestock production system can be raised to a higher level of output by slaughtering some of the animals. Second, it has been then shown that given a free say to exchange and clearly defined preference scales of the consuming coalitions, this policy is strongly Pareto‐wise optimal. Finally the attention is drawn to the relevance of the policy to the problem of scarcity of food in India. It is suggested that India could do well by slaughtering of its animal population.