Suchergebnisse

Intro -- ARGENTINA -- ARGENTINA -- CONTENTS -- PREFACE -- LOESS OF CÓRDOBA (ARGENTINE) CENTRAL PLAIN, PRESENT STATE OF KNOWLEDGE AND NEW RESULTS OF RESEARCH -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- REVIEW ON LOESS KNOWLEDGE -- KNOWLEDGE ON EURASIAN LOESS -- LOESS STUDIES IN AMERICA -- LOESS IN ARGENTINA -- CHARACTERISTICS OF LOESS IN ARGENTINA -- RESEARCH ON LOESS FROM CORDOBA PROVINCE -- LOESS KNOWLEDGE AT THE STUDY AREA -- NEW RESULTS OF RESEARCH: LOCATION OF THE STUDY AREA -- GEOLOGICAL AND GEOMORPHOLOGICAL SETTING -- MATERIALS AND METHODS -- LOCATION AND FIELD DESCRIPTION OF THE PROFILES -- RESULTS AND DISCUSSION -- Grain Size Analysis -- Mineralogical Composition -- CONCLUSION -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES -- THE PLACE OF ARGENTINA IN INTERNATIONAL RUGBY: BETWEEN AND BEYOND CORE AND PERIPHERY -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- A BRIEF HISTORY OF RUGBY UNION -- Rugby Union in Argentina -- SPORT, PLACE, AND RUGBY -- APPROACH -- ARGRENTINA'S PLACE AMONG RUGBY NATIONS -- Identifying Core and Periphery in Rugby Union -- Argentina as a Regional Core Rugby Union Nation in Latin America -- Argentina and the Four-Nations -- Movement and Migration -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- NATIVE CULTURAL DIVERSITY IN ARGENTINE GRAN CHACO REGION -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- CULTURAL AND LINGUISTIC DIVERSITY IN THE ARGENTINE GRAN CHACO REGION -- MULTILINGUAL AND MULTICULTURAL EDUCATION FOR THE ARGENTINE GRAN CHACO NATIVE PEOPLE -- CONCLUSION -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES -- ARCHAEOLOGY OF THE HIGHLANDS OF ARGENTINA: CULTURAL CHANGE DURING THE HOLOCENE IN PASTOS GRANDES AND POCITOS, PUNA OF SALTA -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION: AIMS AND THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK -- REGION OF STUDY: ENVIRONMENT AND ARCHAEOLOGY -- ARCHAEOLOGICAL RESEARCH AT PASTOS GRANDES AND POCITOS -- PROCESSES OF CHANGE IN A REGIONAL PERSPECTIVE -- CONCLUSION -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES.

El artículo aborda la comprensión ontológica de la educación indígena aimara, de los hechos históricos y desafíos al sistema político, económico y social a inicios del siglo XX, en el Altiplano peruano, región Puno. Dichas escuelas se originaron en forma clandestina, a causa de la exclusión educativa de la población originaria aimara, generado por los gobiernos turno. Para los maestros indígenas la única forma de liberarse de la opresión, era con la creación de escuelas rurales y que se convirtieron en instrumentos de liberación del sistema de servidumbre y semifeudal, instaurado por los gamonales y los gobiernos oligárquicos. El objetivo de estudio es identificar el origen y desafíos de las escuelas aimaras en el sur andino peruano del siglo XX, y contribuir a la historia de la educación regional y nacional, la metodología de investigación aplicada fue el enfoque descriptivo historiográfico, que se revisaron las fuentes documentales primarias y secundarias para el análisis y validación de los datos, fundamentalmente. Se concluye que a comienzos del siglo XX se originaron escuelas aimaras a consecuencia de la opresión, explotación, usurpación de sus tierras de parte del gamonalismo y la oligarquía, la educación para los aimaras significó una vía de liberación hacia una sociedad justa. El resultado del estudio permitió identificar el origen de las escuelas rurales y al primer maestro indígena aimara Manuel Zúñiga Camacho del sur peruano - puneño de 1902, como pionero de las escuelas clandestinas en el Altiplano puneño, la población originaria empezó educarse para enfrentar al sistema gamonal.

The article addresses the ontological understanding of Aymara indigenous education, historical facts and challenges to the political, economic and social system at the beginning of the 20th century, in the Peruvian Altiplano, Puno region. These schools originated clandestinely, due to the educational exclusion of the native Aymara population, generated by the governments of the day. For indigenous teachers, the only way to free themselves from oppression was with the creation of rural schools, which became instruments of liberation from the serfdom and semi-feudal system, established by the gamonales and oligarchic governments. The objective of the study is to identify the origin and challenges of Aymara schools in the Peruvian Andean south of the 20th century, and to contribute to the history of regional and national education, the applied research methodology was the descriptive historiographic approach, which were reviewed Primary and secondary documentary sources for the analysis and validation of the data, fundamentally. It is concluded that at the beginning of the 20th century Aymara schools originated as a result of the oppression, exploitation, usurpation of their lands by gamonalism and the oligarchy, education for the Aymara meant a way of liberation towards a just society. The result of the study made it possible to identify the origin of rural schools and the first Aymara indigenous teacher Manuel Zúñiga Camacho from southern Peru - Puno in 1902, as a pioneer of clandestine schools in the Puno Altiplano, the original population began to educate themselves to face the gamonal system. ; El artículo aborda la comprensión ontológica de la educación indígena aimara, de los hechos históricos y desafíos al sistema político, económico y social a inicios del siglo XX, en el Altiplano peruano, región Puno. Dichas escuelas se originaron en forma clandestina, a causa de la exclusión educativa de la población originaria aimara, generado por los gobiernos turno. Para los maestros indígenas la única forma de liberarse de la opresión, era con la creación de escuelas rurales y que se convirtieron en instrumentos de liberación del sistema de servidumbre y semifeudal, instaurado por los gamonales y los gobiernos oligárquicos. El objetivo de estudio es identificar el origen y desafíos de las escuelas aimaras en el sur andino peruano del siglo XX, y contribuir a la historia de la educación regional y nacional, la metodología de investigación aplicada fue el enfoque descriptivo historiográfico, que se revisaron las fuentes documentales primarias y secundarias para el análisis y validación de los datos, fundamentalmente. Se concluye que a comienzos del siglo XX se originaron escuelas aimaras a consecuencia de la opresión, explotación, usurpación de sus tierras de parte del gamonalismo y la oligarquía, la educación para los aimaras significó una vía de liberación hacia una sociedad justa. El resultado del estudio permitió identificar el origen de las escuelas rurales y al primer maestro indígena aimara Manuel Zúñiga Camacho del sur peruano - puneño de 1902, como pionero de las escuelas clandestinas en el Altiplano puneño, la población originaria empezó educarse para enfrentar al sistema gamonal.

It is often assumed that a journal bearing will operate more effectively with a twin groove arrangement than a single groove one, but little evidence has been presented in support of this. An experimental assessment of a journal bearing with either one or two axial grooves located perpendicularly to the load line was performed. It was found that under heavy loaded operation the twin groove configuration might actually deteriorate the bearing performance when compared with the single groove arrangement, namely due to uneven lubricant feed through each groove. It is concluded that the knowledge of the feed flow rates through each groove can be used to improve bearing performance under specific regimes by implementing groove deactivation or flow balancing strategies. ; The present work was supported by the PhD grant SFRH/BD/22278/2005 (financed by FCT POPH – QREN, the European Social Fund and MCTES) and by the project POCTI/39202/EME/2001 funded by FCT - Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Portugal) and the European Union fund FEDER. The work has been carried out at the Tribology Laboratory of Minho University. The authors greatly acknowledge the support of these ...

Functionally graded aluminium matrix composites reinforced with SiC particles are attractive materials for a broad range of engineering applications in the automotive, aircraft, sports, military and aerospace industries, whenever a superior combination of surface and bulk mechanical properties are required. In general, these materials are developed for the production of high wear resistant components. Also, often this kind of mechanical part operates in the presence of aggressive environments, such as marine atmospheres. In this work, aluminium composites with functionally graded properties, obtained by centrifugal cast, are characterised by reciprocating pin-on-plate sliding wear tests against nodular cast iron. Three different volume fractions of SiC reinforcing particles in each functionally graded material were considered. Sliding experiments were performed with and without the presence of a lubricant (3% NaCl aqueous solution). All tests were carried out at room temperature, under a normal load of 10N and constant frequency (1 Hz) and stroke (6 mm). In the case of the lubricated tests, electrochemical parameters (corrosion potential) were monitored during sliding. The worn surfaces as well as the wear debris were characterised by SEM/EDS. Friction values were in the order of 0.42 for unlubricated conditions, but varied between 0.22 and 0.37 when the aqueous solution was present. Relatively high wear rates (over 110-6 gm-1) were obtained in both unlubricated and lubricated sliding. The volume fraction of SiC particles exerted a net effect on the tribological response of the composites, although conditioned by the presence or absence of the aqueous solution. A deleterious effect of the chloride aqueous solution on the degradation of the matrix, leading to the pull-out of SiC particles induced by the dissolution of the matrix/particle interface was evidenced. Observation of the worn surface morphology indicated that the presence of the lubricant modifies the protective action promoted by the combined effect ...

Nowadays, tissue engineering is described as an interdisciplinary field that combines engineering principles and life sciences to generate implantable devices to repair, restore and/or improve functions of injured tissues. Such devices are designed to induce the interaction and integration of tissue and cells within the implantable matrices and are manufactured to meet the appropriate physical, mechanical and physiological local demands. Biodegradable constructs based on polymeric fibers are desirable for tissue engineering due to their large surface area, interconnectivity, open pore structure, and controlled mechanical strength. Additionally, biodegradable constructs are also very sought-out for biomolecule delivery systems with a target-directed action. In the present review, we explore the properties of some of the most common biodegradable polymers used in tissue engineering applications and biomolecule delivery systems and highlight their most important uses. ; Authors acknowledge the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT), FEDER funds by means of Portugal 2020 Competitive Factors Operational Program (POCI) and the Portuguese Government (OE) for funding the project PEPTEX with reference PTDC/CTM-TEX/28074/2017 (POCI-01-0145- FEDER-028074). Authors also acknowledge project UID/CTM/00264/2020 of Centre for Textile Science and Technology (2C2T), funded by national funds through ...

Problems associated with microbial resistance to antibiotics are growing due to their overuse. In this scenario, plant extracts such as the propolis extract (PE) have been considered as potential alternatives to antibiotics in the treatment of infected wounds, due to its antimicrobial properties and ability to induce tissue regeneration. To improve the long-term effectiveness of PE in wound healing, polymeric films composed of biodegradable and biocompatible polymers are being engineered as delivery vehicles. Here, sodium alginate/gelatin (SA/GN) films containing PE were prepared via a simple, green process of solvent casting/phase inversion technique, followed by crosslinking with calcium chloride (CaCl2) solutions. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of PE was established as 0.338 mg/mL for Staphylococcus aureus and 1.353 mg/mL for Pseudomonas aeruginosa, the most prevalent bacteria in infected wounds. The PE was incorporated within the polymeric films before (blended with the polymeric solution) and after (immobilization via physisorption) their production. Flexible, highly hydrated SA/GN/PE films were obtained, and their antibacterial activity was assessed via agar diffusion and killing time kinetics examinations. Data confirmed the modified films effectiveness to fight bacterial infections caused by S. aureus and P. aeruginosa and their ability to be applied in the treatment of infected wounds. ; Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technol-ogy (FCT), FEDER funds by means of Portugal 2020 Competitive Factors Operational Program (POCI), and the Portuguese Government (OE) for funding the project PEPTEX with reference PTDC/CTM-TEX/28074/2017 (POCI-01-0145-FEDER-028074). The authors also acknowledge project UID/CTM/00264/2020 of Centre for Textile Science and Technology (2C2T), funded by national funds through ...

Electrospinning and wet-spinning have been recognized as two of the most efficient and promising techniques for producing polymeric fibrous constructs for a wide range of applications, including optics, electronics, food industry and biomedical applications. They have gained considerable attention in the past few decades because of their unique features and tunable architectures that can mimic desirable biological features, responding more effectively to local demands. In this review, various fiber architectures and configurations, varying from monolayer and core-shell fibers to tri-axial, porous, multilayer, side-by-side and helical fibers, are discussed, highlighting the influence of processing parameters in the final constructs. Additionally, the envisaged biomedical purposes for the examined fiber architectures, mainly focused on drug delivery and tissue engineering applications, are explored at great length. ; Authors acknowledge the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technol ogy (FCT), FEDER funds by means of Portugal 2020 Competitive Factors Operational Program (POCI) and the Portuguese Government (OE) for funding the project PEPTEX with reference PTDC/CTMTEX/28074/2017 (POCI-01-0145-FEDER-028074). Authors also acknowledge project UID/CTM/00264/2020 of 2C2T and UID/QUI/00686/2020 of CQ, funded by national funds through FCT/MCTES. C.S.M. acknowledges FCT for PhD funding via scholarship ...

Between the harsh seasons and inclement weather, forgotten and devoid of teachers, transportation, modern infrastructure and educational materials, reaching the field-schools of the mountains can take hours of steep walking for primary school children and small infants, in which the difficulties of rural areas and the hardness of the height may not be the greatest challenge of all. Well, without any privilege, crossing hills and mountains, they are boys and girls who come out of nowhere to conquer everything. From this premise, the study proposes to enlarge the relationship between School-Mountain (MS) in order to forge not only a renewed notion or real line that allows responding to the current dilemmas and challenges of the time, but also allows finding some action engines cast and forged from the heart of the mountain, one that has the ability and spirit to slay the killer. In this way, in line with studies that propose beheading the emperor or provoking an atypical telluric event in the regions of power, this study deposits its soul and spirit within works parameterized by documentary research within the framework of the norms pre-established by the PRISMA methodology. From the results it can be stated that, in that place of glaciers and snow-capped mountains destined to disappear over the years, the high-altitude inhabitants not only lack multiple attentions, but in addition to being out in the open, their cumbersome and brutal onslaught has the impact of strong misadventures, where the school, like never before governs its own challenges.