Suchergebnisse

AbstractFriendships are prevalent in human societies. However, it is unclear whether people rely on the same strategy to derive support from friends and relatives. In the present study, I conducted a survey to elicit the egocentric support networks of 40 village residents in a Tibetan village in Qinghai province in China. The study showed that the participants reported equal amounts of support from friends and from relatives, and they preferred a shallow strategy over a deep strategy to derive support from friends; they equally preferred the two strategies to derive support from relatives. My study suggests that even if friends compensate for the variation of kin support in quantity, friendship should not be considered as one‐for‐one substitute for kinship.

Using social exchange theory, we proposed a moderated mediation model to explore the relationship between unemployment risk perception and employee knowledge hiding under the disruption of artificial intelligence transformation. We conducted an empirical analysis of data from 274 respondents
who completed a two-stage survey with an interval of about 2 weeks. The results were as follows: First, unemployment risk perception was positively related to employee knowledge hiding. Second, psychological contract breach mediated the relationship between unemployment risk perception and
employee knowledge hiding. Third, mindfulness negatively moderated the relationship between psychological contract breach and employee knowledge hiding. Fourth, mindfulness negatively moderated the strength of the mediated relationship between unemployment risk perception and employee knowledge
hiding via psychological contract breach. The research conclusions can help companies formulate policies to guide employees to actively share knowledge in artificial intelligence transformation contexts.

The topics of climate change and ecosystem disruption are at the forefront of global discussion. Accordingly, there is a sense of urgency among citizens, environmental experts, and political leaders for action and policy change. While the effect of a changing climate on the environment is well recognized, its impact on the human body has not been sufficiently described. In our review, we will attempt to outline some of these effects. We will discuss how the recent surge of immunologic disease may be related to the changing profile of microorganisms and antigens in our every-day environment. We will explore how the introduction of antibiotics may result in an altered gut microbiome, and subsequently abnormal neurodevelopment. Finally, we will discuss a possible link between chemical preservatives and neoplastic disease.

In China people have recently taken part in protests against building of paraxylene (PX) plants. Therefore, we investigated factors associated with residents' opposition to building of PX plants in their neighborhood, district, or city. Survey data were collected from 222 people, and
structural equation modeling was performed to verify relationships between residents' oppositional intentions and the factors of self-identity, group identity, trust in government, and perceived risk. Results showed perceived risk and self-identity were significant predictors of oppositional
intentions, whereas group identity had no significant effect on oppositional intentions. Trust in government had an indirect effect on oppositional intentions through perceived risk. Negative emotions significantly influenced trust in government and perceived risk, and through them indirectly
affected oppositional intentions; perceived information quality indirectly affected oppositional intentions through perceived risk and trust in government. The findings illuminated that promoting public trust in the government by enhancing information disclosure and alleviating negative emotions
are effective ways to decrease risk perception and opposition to PX plants.

Purpose
Using protest event analysis, this study aims to investigate which risk factors influence the severity of environmental protests in China, thus filling a gap in China-related environmental protest literature.


Design/methodology/approach
Using a database derived from media coverage of 129 environmental protests in China from 2009 to 2015, this empirical study identifies underlying risk factors influencing environmental protest severity, quantifies these protest cases and verifies the associations between risk factors and severity using ordered logistic regression.


Findings
The results show that higher environmental health threat, economic loss, distrust of local government, lack of local governmental response, improper local government action and higher population density are likely to increase environmental protest severity; however, contrary to expectations, environmental information disclosure has no significant effect. These findings illuminate the vital and variational role of local government throughout all stages of the evolutionary process in environmental protests. Moreover, public distrust of local government is the principal cause of these protests.


Originality/value
This study enhances the understanding of how Chinese environmental protests arise from the identified risk factors and contributes to quantitative multi-case research in this area. Furthermore, the findings may help local governments in China, as well as in other countries, to enact positive measures to prevent serious environmental protests and improve their ability to address the environmental problems that cause protests. More effective governance can decrease the number and severity of environmental protests and thus promote social stability.

Using the theory of planned behavior, we investigated the factors motivating residents' intention to take collective action by participating in not-in-my-backyard protests. We conducted a survey with 286 Chinese residents living near a waste-to-energy incineration plant. Results of
structural equation modeling show that the personal factors of attitude, subjective norm, and self-efficacy positively affected intention to protest. Perceived group size (in-group factor) indirectly and directly affected intention, and social trust (out-group factor) indirectly affected intention
through perceived environmental health risk. The effect of situation factors on intention was positive for perceived environmental health risk and negative for perceived action risk. Collective efficacy and perceived economic risk had no significant effect on intention. It is, therefore, important
to promote social trust to decrease risk perception and to prevent protest when locating not-inmy-backyard facilities.

Abstract Background Trilateral South‒South cooperation is envisioned as an equal and empowering partnership model but still faces certain challenges. This study addresses whether and how trilateral South‒South cooperation can transform traditional development assistance for health (DAH) and explores the opportunities and challenges of trilateral South‒South cooperation for transforming future DAH, in the theme of "the emerging development partner's DAH transformation facilitated by a multilateral organization". Methods We evaluate a maternal, newborn, and child health (MNCH) project involving the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), and China (hereinafter referred to as the "DRC–UNICEF–China project"). We analyze data from project documents and seventeen semi-structured interviews using a pragmatic analytical framework based on the DAH program logic model and the OECD's trilateral cooperation framework. Results Evidence from the DRC–UNICEF–China MNCH project suggests that trilateral South‒South cooperation facilitated by a multilateral organization can provide transformative opportunities for emerging development partners' DAH to generate and deliver context-based, demand-oriented solutions, harmonize rules and procedures, institutionalize mutual learning and knowledge sharing, and increase the visibility of emerging development partners as sources for South‒South development experience transfer. However, the project revealed some challenges, including the neglect of key stakeholders in the complex governance structure, the high transaction costs needed to ensure transparency, and the harm local absence of the emerging development partner poses to long-term DAH engagement. Conclusions This study echoes some of the findings in trilateral SSC literature that claim power structures and philanthropic, normative justification for health equity are often juxtaposed in trilateral SSC partnerships. The opportunities offered by the DRC–UNICEF–China project align with China's cognitive learning process for strengthening international engagement and global image building. However, challenges may arise as a result of complex governance structures and the entrustment of facilitating partners, which can threaten the effectiveness of trilateral cooperation. We call for strengthening the beneficiary partner's ownership at all levels, engaging the emerging development partner to better understand the beneficiary partner's local context(s) and needs, and ensuring available resources to support programmatic activities and long-term partnerships for the health and well-being of the beneficiaries.