Suchergebnisse

Little is known about the volume of international recycling in Asia, the problems caused and the struggle to properly manage the trade. This pathbreaking book addresses this gap in the literature, and provides a comprehensive overview of the international trade flow of recyclable waste in Asia and related issues. The expert contributors discuss the various types of recyclable waste that Asian countries import, and illustrate that there are consequently higher numbers of cheaper informal recyclers with lower pollution control costs than formal recyclers with more expensive but environmentally sound technologies. They explore how governments across China, Vietnam, South Korea and Japan are therefore struggling to minimize the negative impact from informal recycling via trade regulation of recyclable and hazardous waste and comprehensive cooperation mechanisms to promote efficient use of resources. Preventive measures against illegal and/or improper transboundary movement of hazardous waste in Asia are also analysed. This unique and fascinating book aims to facilitate a common understanding of the issues caused by international recycling in Asia to encourage effective international and regional cooperation in order to establish a sound recycling system. As such, it will prove an invaluable resource to academics, researchers and students with an interest in Asian studies, economics, environmental studies, international economics and industrial economics.

Introduction to The diffusion of public and private sustainability regulations : the responses of follower countries /Etsuyo Michida, John Humphrey, and David Vogel --National palm oil standards in Asia : motivations and impacts on trade and rural development /John Humphrey and Etsuyo Michida --Factors explaining the adoption of green building rating systems at the country level : competition of LEED and other green building rating systems /Kenji Shiraishi and Hajime Iseda --Diffusion mechanisms for regulating fishery products : the cases of Tanzania, Madagascar, and Mauritius /Seeking the similarities while keeping the differences : the development of emissions trading schemes in northeast Asia /Fang-Ting Cheng --Diffusion of energy efficiency policies in Asian countries : country-specific drivers of policy followers /Michikazu Kojima.

Regulations and International Trade -- Contents -- List of Figures -- List of Tables -- 1 Introduction: New Sustainability Challenges for East Asia -- 1.1 The Changing Regulatory Environment -- 1.2 Impacts on Developing Countries -- 1.3 Policy Response to Export Market Regulation -- 1.4 Firm-Level Responses -- References -- Part I Regulatory Challenges Under Globalization -- 2 Regulation, Standards and Risk Management in the Context of Globalization -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Responding to the Challenges of Globalization -- 2.2.1 Global Impact Pathways -- 2.2.2 Choice of Regulatory Strategy -- 2.2.3 The Severity of Risk -- 2.3 Regulation in Food, Forestry and Chemicals -- 2.3.1 Forestry -- 2.3.2 Food Safety -- 2.3.3 Chemicals -- 2.4 Conclusions -- References -- 3 Regulatory Diffusion from Europe to Asia -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Innovative Policy and Diffusion in Developed Countries -- 3.3 Diffusion of the EU RoHS to Asia -- 3.3.1 IncreasingTrade Competitiveness -- 3.3.2 Market Failures and Diffusion -- 3.3.3 Harmonization of Requirements -- 3.3.4 Adopting Innovative Policy: Supply Chain Management -- 3.3.5 Preventing Environmental Degradation -- 3.4 Country Case Studies -- 3.4.1 China -- 3.4.2 India -- 3.4.3 Japan -- 3.4.4 Singapore -- 3.4.5 South Korea -- 3.4.6 Thailand -- 3.4.7 Turkey -- 3.4.8 Vietnam -- 3.4.9 California, United States -- 3.5 A Race-to-the-Top or Pollution Havens? -- 3.6 Policy Fragmentation -- 3.7 Conclusion -- References -- 4 Adapting to EU Chemical Regulations: The Experience of Thailand -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Adopting EU RoHS -- 4.2.1 ThaiRoHS Alliance -- 4.2.2 Supports from the European Delegation to Thailand -- 4.2.2.1 TREE-Green Project -- 4.2.2.2 Pro-TREE Project -- 4.2.3 RoHS V2 -- 4.3 Adopting EU REACH -- 4.4 Conclusion -- References -- 5 Diffusion of Private Food Standards from the European Union to Asia

AbstractVoluntary Sustainability Standards (VSS) are transnational governance instruments that can be leveraged to pursue sustainable development in global value chains. They have proliferated since the 1990s in terms of their number and the share of global production they govern. This paper shares some key insights arising from the considerable body of literature that has analysed the role of these instruments for sustainable production and trade. First, it introduces VSS, traces the evolution of their adoption and takes stock of the research on their sustainability impacts. Next, some major developments in the VSS realm are discussed, related to public policy and the emergence of national sustainability standards. The paper then zooms in on the challenges and limitations of VSS in transforming value chains towards sustainability, focusing on the shortcomings related to inclusiveness and the problems arising from their proliferation. The paper concludes by distilling recommendations on overcoming these challenges, especially in light of recent policy developments, and outlines what different stakeholders can do to make VSS more effective and inclusive instruments for sustainable value chains.