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[EN] This paper deals with the minimization of a building¿s external wall thermal transmittance, with theaim of improving the energy efficiency of the building. The wall¿s thermal transmittance must abide bythe current legislation, but also suit the limitations of other construction parameters, mainly budget andthickness, but also time limit, workforce, number and thickness of the layers and availability of materialsdepending on the approach.The optimization is achieved formulating an Integer Linear Programming (ILP) problem involving theparameters mentioned above. Therefore, any available ILP solver can be run to obtain the best combinationof the different materials and thicknesses for the layers, in order to minimize the thermal transmittance.This paper presents a case study of a common but representative external wall consisting of 6 layers,with more than 670,000 possible combinations of materials and their thicknesses. The study concludeswith a comparison of the lowest thermal transmittance obtained for a selection of budget and thicknesscombinations for the mentioned wall. ; This work was partially supported by the "Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad, Programa Estatal de Investigacion, Desarrollo e Innovacion 582 Orientada a los Retos de la Sociedad, Proyectos I+D+I 2014", Spain, under Grant TEC2014-52690-R. ; Soler Fernández, D.; Salandin, A.; Micó, JC. (2018). Lowest thermal transmittance of an external wall under budget,material and thickness restrictions: An integer linear programming approach. Energy and Buildings. 158:222-233. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2017.09.078 ; S ; 222 ; 233 ; 158

222 233 158 ; S ; [EN] This paper deals with the minimization of a building¿s external wall thermal transmittance, with theaim of improving the energy efficiency of the building. The wall¿s thermal transmittance must abide bythe current legislation, but also suit the limitations of other construction parameters, mainly budget andthickness, but also time limit, workforce, number and thickness of the layers and availability of materialsdepending on the approach.The optimization is achieved formulating an Integer Linear Programming (ILP) problem involving theparameters mentioned above. Therefore, any available ILP solver can be run to obtain the best combinationof the different materials and thicknesses for the layers, in order to minimize the thermal transmittance.This paper presents a case study of a common but representative external wall consisting of 6 layers,with more than 670,000 possible combinations of materials and their thicknesses. The study concludeswith a comparison of the lowest thermal transmittance obtained for a selection of budget and thicknesscombinations for the mentioned wall. This work was partially supported by the "Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad, Programa Estatal de Investigacion, Desarrollo e Innovacion 582 Orientada a los Retos de la Sociedad, Proyectos I+D+I 2014", Spain, under Grant TEC2014-52690-R. Soler Fernández, D.; Salandin, A.; Micó, JC. (2018). Lowest thermal transmittance of an external wall under budget,material and thickness restrictions: An integer linear programming approach. Energy and Buildings. 158:222-233. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2017.09.078

The dynamics of both the General Factor of Personality and the personality biological indicators, as a consequence of a stimulus, can be described with a short‐term dynamic model (the response model). The invariance of the response model at both levels of description (psychological and biological) leads to deduce the bridge model with which psychological and biological levels of description can be related. The bridge model is the key tool to deal with the body–mind problem. An application case is presented setting up an experimental design with two subjects. The General Factor of Personality, c‐fos and glutamate dynamics are evaluated as a consequence of a methylphenidate dose intake. The response and bridge models are validated with the outcomes of the application case. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.