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The National Security Strategy of October 2022 is based on integration into the national security of the U.S. economy, including foreign economic and trade policy, export control, control over the transfer of advanced technologies and the consolidation of friendly and allied U.S. countries in order to collectively use the entire arsenal of these tools in the interests of ensuring the national security of the United States and ensuring the preservation of its leading position in the modern world. .This approach includes such main components as domestic investment in the United States in the promotion of innovative technologies and state support for technologically advanced industries of the American economy, strengthening economic government, monitoring not only incoming, but also outgoing investments. The Strategy justifies the thesis about the destruction of the borders between U.S. domestic and foreign policy while upholding the interests of the country's national security, the need to give priority to the internal technological security of its economy, maintaining American technological advantages, and actively countering the growth of economic, diplomatic, China's military and technological power as the main and sole centre of power, actually able to get ahead of the United States in the total volume of advanced technologies already this decade, depriving the United States of the status of the leading economic force of the modern world. The essence of the approach to U.S. economic security reflected in the White House Strategy is the desire to surpass China as the most strategically significant threat to U.S. national security and the joint efforts of a coalition of friendly and allied U.S. states to contain the breakthrough technological development of China, reflected in the concept of "Made in China 2025."

The article deals with the problem of diagnostics and development of professional competences of future designers based on an individually differentiated approach. The author examines the specifics of the professional and creative competences of a modern designer, the prerequisites and conditions for their formation in the process of professional education. Professional creative competences are considered as a cluster of competencies that reflect the willingness of a future designer to perform productive professional activities, as an ability for personal and professional self-development by increasing creative potential and expanding the scope of its professional application. The author reveals the principles of development of cognitive and activity competences of a designer, which reflect the ability of an individual to independently creatively comprehend professional tasks, process information, apply its knowledge, skills and abilities to find effective ways to solve a design problem. The author believes that for the development of such competences it is necessary to apply special techniques, means and methods in the process of vocational education. The author clarifies the essence and content of the cognitive and activity competences of the future designer, suggests ways and conditions for the effective application of the proposed approaches in the system of professional design education. The approach proposed by the author has theoretical and practical significance, since it contains a description of a set of psychological and pedagogic conditions that allow diagnosing and purposefully developing the professional, creative, cognitive and activity competences of future designers.

The article is dedicated to the comparative content-analysis of the two excerpts, considering foreign political leadership theories for the Russian readers and researches and related to the different stages of Soviet and Russian political science development. There are also quotative and quotative analyses of the theories provided by the author.

The collapse of the bipolar system caused significant transformations in world's political and strategic balance of powers, particularly had an impact on the Asia- Pacific nations and created "political vacuum" in the region. In Asia-Pacific crash of the bipolar confrontation stimulated internal processes. Mostly «vacuum» was filled by ASEANcentered new regional architecture.

The article focuses on the issues of transformation of labour relations between employers and employees of Russian and Italian enterprises due to the processes of digitization which determine the possibility of introducing new technologies in the organization of labour. One of the objectives of the research presented in the article is to analyse the advantages and shortcomings of the new management philosophy, to assess the impact of its introduction into the organization of work on the employee well-being and the level of social pollution in the sphere of labour relations. The case study method was used in the framework of an integrated approach, and was supplemented with an analysis of the narratives of Italian and Russian employees of enterprises operating in the information services industry. A comparative analysis of the empirical data obtained by the authors revealed the similarities and differences in the conditions and processes related to the introduction of the smart working technology into the organization of labour. The authors identified the attitude of the smart personnel in both countries to the new managerial philosophy, as well as the factors adversely affecting the quality of their working life. The scientific contribution of the research is the study and evaluation of one of the emerging phenomena of the new labour economy, which is developing in 4.0 industry and leads to the emergence of new forms of labour relations. © 2020 IOP Publishing Ltd. All rights reserved. ; Russian Foundation for Basic Research, RFBR: 19-010-00705 ; This work was supported by Act 211 Government of the Russian Federation, contract № 02.A03.21.0006; Russian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR) under Grant № 19-010-00705. Development of tools for assessing the impact of social pollution of labour relations on the employees' well-being in a digital economy'.