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AbstractStunting is an important risk factor for early growth and health implications throughout the life course, yet until recently, studies have rarely focused on populations exposed to high levels of particulate matter pollution or on developing countries most vulnerable to stunting and its associated health and developmental impacts. We systematically searched for epidemiologic studies published up to 15 August 2020 that examined the association between ambient and household particulate exposure and postnatal stunting (height-for-age z-score) and prenatal determinants (small for gestational age or SGA, or equivalent) of stunting. We conducted the literature search in PUBMED, MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases in August 2020, using keywords including, but not limited to, "particulate matter," "indoor/household air pollution," and "adverse birth outcomes," to identify relevant articles. Forty-five studies conducted in 29 countries met our inclusion criteria for meta-analysis. We found significant positive associations between SGA and a 10 μg/m3 increase in fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure over the entire pregnancy [OR = 1.08; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.03–1.13], with similar SGA impact during the second and third trimesters, and from high exposure quartile of PM2.5 exposure during the entire pregnancy. A 19% increased risk of postnatal stunting (95% CI: 1.10, 1.29) was also associated with postnatal exposure to household air pollution. Our analysis shows consistent, significant, and noteworthy evidence of elevated risk of stunting-related health outcomes with ambient PM2.5 and household air pollution exposure. This evidence reinforces the importance of promoting clean air as part of an integrated approach to preventing stunting.

Summary: Clean cooking has emerged as a major concern for global health and development because of the enormous burden of disease caused by traditional cookstoves and fires. The World Health Organization has developed new indoor air quality guidelines that few homes will be able to achieve without replacing traditional methods with modern clean cooking technologies, including fuels and stoves. However, decades of experience with improved stove programs indicate that the challenge of modernizing cooking in impoverished communities includes a complex, multi-sectoral set of problems that require implementation research. The National Institutes of Health, in partnership with several government agencies and the Global Alliance for Clean Cookstoves, has launched the Clean Cooking Implementation Science Network that aims to address this issue. In this article, our focus is on building a knowledge base to accelerate scale-up and sustained use of the cleanest technologies in low- and middle-income countries. Implementation science provides a variety of analytical and planning tools to enhance effectiveness of clinical and public health interventions. These tools are being integrated with a growing body of knowledge and new research projects to yield new methods, consensus tools, and an evidence base to accelerate improvements in health promised by the renewed agenda of clean cooking.

Clean cooking has emerged as a major concern for global health and development because of the enormous burden of disease caused by traditional cookstoves and fires. The World Health Organization has developed new indoor air quality guidelines that few homes will be able to achieve without replacing traditional methods with modern clean cooking technologies, including fuels and stoves. However, decades of experience with improved stove programs indicate that the challenge of modernizing cooking in impoverished communities includes a complex, multi-sectoral set of problems that require implementation research. The National Institutes of Health, in partnership with several government agencies and the Global Alliance for Clean Cookstoves, has launched the Clean Cooking Implementation Science Network that aims to address this issue. In this article, our focus is on building a knowledge base to accelerate scale-up and sustained use of the cleanest technologies in low- and middle-income countries. Implementation science provides a variety of analytical and planning tools to enhance effectiveness of clinical and public health interventions. These tools are being integrated with a growing body of knowledge and new research projects to yield new methods, consensus tools, and an evidence base to accelerate improvements in health promised by the renewed agenda of clean cooking.

© 2017, Public Health Services, US Dept of Health and Human Services. All rights reserved. Summary: Clean cooking has emerged as a major concern for global health and development because of the enormous burden of disease caused by traditional cookstoves and fires. The World Health Organization has developed new indoor air quality guidelines that few homes will be able to achieve without replacing traditional methods with modern clean cooking technologies, including fuels and stoves. However, decades of experience with improved stove programs indicate that the challenge of modernizing cooking in impoverished communities includes a complex, multi-sectoral set of problems that require implementation research. The National Institutes of Health, in partnership with several government agencies and the Global Alliance for Clean Cookstoves, has launched the Clean Cooking Implementation Science Network that aims to address this issue. In this article, our focus is on building a knowledge base to accelerate scale-up and sustained use of the cleanest technologies in low- and middle-income countries. Implementation science provides a variety of analytical and planning tools to enhance effectiveness of clinical and public health interventions. These tools are being integrated with a growing body of knowledge and new research projects to yield new methods, consensus tools, and an evidence base to accelerate improvements in health promised by the renewed agenda of clean cooking.

Clean cooking has emerged as a major concern for global health and development because of the enormous burden of disease caused by traditional cookstoves and fires. The World Health Organization has developed new indoor air quality guidelines that few homes will be able to achieve without replacing traditional methods with modern clean cooking technologies, including fuels and stoves. However, decades of experience with improved stove programs indicate that the challenge of modernizing cooking in impoverished communities includes a complex, multi-sectoral set of problems that require implementation research. The National Institutes of Health, in partnership with several government agencies and the Global Alliance for Clean Cookstoves, has launched the Clean Cooking Implementation Science Network that aims to address this issue. In this article, our focus is on building a knowledge base to accelerate scale-up and sustained use of the cleanest technologies in low- and middle-income countries. Implementation science provides a variety of analytical and planning tools to enhance effectiveness of clinical and public health interventions. These tools are being integrated with a growing body of knowledge and new research projects to yield new methods, consensus tools, and an evidence base to accelerate improvements in health promised by the renewed agenda of clean cooking. ; Fil: Rosenthal, Joshua. National Institutes Of Health. Fogarty International Center; Estados Unidos ; Fil: Balakrishnan, Kalpana. Sri Ramachandra University; India ; Fil: Bruce, Nigel. University of Liverpool; Reino Unido ; Fil: Chambers, David. National Institutes of Health. National Cancer Institute; Estados Unidos ; Fil: Graham, Jay. The George Washington University; Estados Unidos ; Fil: Jack, Darby. Columbia University; Estados Unidos ; Fil: Kline, Lydia. National Institutes Of Health. Fogarty International Center; Estados Unidos ; Fil: Masera, Omar Raul. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; México ; Fil: Mehta, Sumi. Global Alliance for Clean Cookstoves; Estados Unidos ; Fil: Mercado, Ilse Ruiz. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; México ; Fil: Neta, Gila. National Institutes of Health. National Cancer Institute; Estados Unidos ; Fil: Pattanayak, Subhrendu. University of Duke; Estados Unidos ; Fil: Puzzolo, Elisa. Global LPG Partnership; Estados Unidos ; Fil: Petach, Helen. U.S. Agency for International Development; Estados Unidos ; Fil: Punturieri, Antonello. National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; Estados Unidos ; Fil: Rubinstein, Adolfo Luis. Instituto de Efectividad Clínica y Sanitaria; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina ; Fil: Sage, Michael. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Estados Unidos ; Fil: Sturke, Rachel. National Institutes Of Health. Fogarty International Center; Estados Unidos ; Fil: Shankar, Anita. University Johns Hopkins; Estados Unidos ; Fil: Sherr, Kenny. University of Washington; Estados Unidos ; Fil: Smith, Kirk. University of California at Berkeley; Estados Unidos ; Fil: Yadama, Gautam. Washington University in St. Louis; Estados Unidos