Suchergebnisse

This study aimed to evaluate the performance and economic viability of including the aerial parts of cassava (PAM) in the feed of semi-confined lambs for partial reduction of food concentrates. Fifty-six sheep, including males and females of the Pantaneira genetic group weighing 18.84 ± 2.02 kg on an average were used. The experiment was conducted in a factorial randomized complete block design with four treatments, each with seven females and seven males. Each group of 14 animals received one of four treatments: control, 10% of food concentrate in diet replaced with PAM, 20% replaced with PAM, and 30% replaced with PAM. The average total gain in weight (GWT) of the male lambs was 26.89% higher than the gains observed in females. Based on the cost analysis, we observed a linear effect (P < 0.01), i.e., a decrease in the feed cost for male and female groups with increase in PAM content. For the study period, the expenditure for the control male group was the highest at $ 17.60 per animal. Expenditure for the PAM 30 male group was the lowest at $ 12.74 per animal. These figures reflect the actual operating costs (COE), i.e., the power is 75.78% and 74.77%, for male and female groups respectively. The total cost, decreased linearly (P < 0.05) with PAM 30 treatment costing the least at $ 47.90, which was $ 7.02 lower than the control. When assessing the net margin per kilogram among the female groups, we observed a quadratic effect (P < 0.01) with a maximum gain of 23.98% when adding PAM and $ 0.50 kg-1. Our results show that the raising of lambs in semi-confinement was economically viable, and the addition of the aerial part of processed cassava in the feed presented a higher economic return. Further, the addition of aerial parts of cassava did not affect the performance of the lambs.

A utilização de glicerina bruta na alimentação de ruminantes tem atraído a atenção dos pesquisadores principalmente quanto aos aspectos ambientais. Considerando que a legislação em vigor não estabelece como tratar deste produto. Esta é uma alternativa de baixo custo e grande quantidade sendo este um resíduo da produção de biodiesel. Neste estudo foram avaliados diferentes níveis de glicerina bruta sobre o comportamento ingestivo em dietas de vacas leiteiras alimentadas com cana de açúcar. Os níveis de glicerina foram de 0, 4, 8 e 12 % de matéria seca. A dieta foi equilibrada para conter nutrientes suficientes para a mantença e produção de leite de 15 kg.dia-1. Dezesseis (16) vacas mestiças Holandês x Zebu foram distribuídos em quatro quadrados latinos 4x4. Os animais foram submetidos à observação de 24 horas a cada cinco minutos para avaliar o comportamento ingestivo. O comportamento animal foi determinado visualmente com cinco minutos de intervalos para determinação do tempo despendido em ócio, alimentação e ruminação, e foram calculados os padrões de alimentação e ruminação. A adição de glicerina na dieta não afetou os parâmetros de comportamento ingestivo das vacas em lactação alimentadas com cana de açúcar, pode ser explicado pela semelhança no teor de FDN das dietas, e até 12% pode ser adicionado de matéria seca da dieta. ; The crude glycerin used as feed for ruminants has drawn attention of the researchers for dealing with environmental aspects. Considering current legislation did not establish how to treat this product, this is a low cost alternative of great amount of a residue of the biodiesel production. In this study we evaluated different crude glycerin levels on ingestive behavior which were studied as the diet of lactating cows fed with sugarcane. The glycerin levels were 0, 4, 8 and 12% of the dry matter; the diet was balanced to contain enough nutrients for the maintenance and milk production of 15 kg.dia-1. Sixteen (16) crossbred Holstein x Zebu cows were distributed into four 4x4 Latin Squares. The animals were submitted to observation of 24 hours every five minutes to evaluate ingestive behavior. The observation of the activities was recorded. The animal´s behavior was visually determined with five minutes of intervals to determine the times spent in idle, feeding, rumination, and were calculated patterns of feeding and rumination. The addition of glycerin to the diet did not affect the ingestive behavior parameter in lactating cows fed sugarcane, might be explained by the similarity in NDF content of diets, and up to 12% may be added of the diet's dry matter.