Suchergebnisse

"An intimate portrait of a small Southern town living through tumultuous times, this propulsive piece of forgotten civil rights history-about the first school to attempt court-ordered desegregation in the wake of Brown v. Board-will forever change how you think of the end of racial segregation in America. In graduate school, Rachel Martin volunteered with a Southern oral history project. One day, she was sent to a small town in Tennessee, in the foothills of the Appalachians, where locals wanted to build a museum to commemorate the events of August 1956, when Clinton High School became the first school in the former Confederacy to undergo court-mandated desegregation. After recording a dozen interviews, Rachel asked the museum's curator why everyone she'd been told to gather stories from was white. Weren't there any Black residents of Clinton who remembered this history? A few hours later, she got a call from the head of the oral history project: the town of Clinton didn't want her help anymore. For years, Rachel Martin wondered what it was the white residents of Clinton didn't want remembered. So she went back, eventually interviewing sixty residents-including the surviving Black students who'd desegregated Clinton High-to piece together what happened back in 1956: the death threats and beatings, picket lines and cross burnings, neighbors turned on neighbors and preachers for the first time at a loss for words. The national guard had rushed to town, followed by national journalists like Edward Murrow and even evangelist Billy Graham. And still tensions continued to rise... until white supremacists bombed the school. In A Most Tolerant Little Town, Rachel Martin weaves together a dozen disparate perspectives in an intimate and yet kaleidoscopic portrait of a small town living through a tumultuous turning point for America. The result is a propulsive piece of forgotten civil rights history that reads like a ticking time bomb... and illuminates the devastating costs of being on the frontlines of social change. You may have never before heard of Clinton-but you won't be forgetting the town anytime soon"--

This article addresses the phenomenon of abandoned or failed commercial or residential developments, sometimes referred to as "zombie subdivisions" in America, and "ghost developments" in Europe. Both arose as a result of the real estate market disintegration after 2008. Around the world, but particularly in America and in certain European countries, developers ran out of funds and were unable to finish their projects, resulting in non-completed or largely vacant "zombie" or ghost properties. Such abandoned properties can be found throughout America and Europe, but they are more common in particular Intermountain states in the United States, and in Ireland, Spain and Portugal. These once-promising projects present significant challenges to local governments, which often do not have the appropriate resources, planning tools, or local ordinances in place to address these unsightly, economically depressing, unsafe areas. This article examines both the causes and effects of these abandoned, non-completed developments, and compares how America and Europe have had similar, but also distinct experiences. The article suggests that a bottom up, local approach is preferable to one relying on state or national solutions. It also offers lessons to be learned by local governments in America and Europe so as to enable both the removal of these eyesores, and the advancement of policies that avoid the specter of future reappearing zombie or ghost properties.

AbstractBackgroundWe used a qualitative approach to explore the experiences of social care staff regarding the provision of positive behavioural support (PBS) to people with an intellectual disability at the height of the Covid‐19 restrictions.MethodWe conducted semi‐structured interviews with 19 staff who had recently completed a PBS workforce development programme. Data were analysed using thematic analysis.ResultsThree themes were identified in the context of the restrictions: The challenges to maintaining quality of life and PBS of the people being supported and staff attempts to overcome these; the ways in which PBS and behaviour support plans were implemented and the impact on behaviours that challenge; the ways in which PBS principles were applied at organisational levels to help to understand and address staff stress and distress.ConclusionsOverall, the staff identified many unexpected benefits of the restrictions. The results are discussed in the context of the study limitations.

AbstractBackgroundOne contributor to the health inequalities that people with an intellectual disability face is failure to identify their intellectual disability. The Learning Disability Screening Questionnaire (LDSQ) can identify adults who are likely to have an intellectual disability, but little is known about its impact.MethodsA modified Delphi approach (literature search, interviews with staff and those using services [n = 28], and completion of an online survey by professionals [n = 29]) was used to develop a framework to evaluate the impact of the LDSQ.ResultsItems endorsed by 60% or more of respondents (9/18) were included in the final framework. These all related to benefits of the LDSQ, including identifying people not previously known to have an intellectual disability; helping prioritize diagnostic assessment; informing support needs; and helping increase wellbeing and life chances.ConclusionThe LDSQ may offer one way of helping address the health inequalities that people with an intellectual disability face.

"Race and Cultural Practice in Popular Culture is an innovative work in which contributors freshly approach the concept of race as a social factor made concrete in popular forms, such as film, television, and music. They collectively push past the reaffirmation of static conceptions of identity, authenticity, or conventional interpretations of stereotypes and bridge the intertextual gap between theories of community enactment and cultural representation. The book also draws together and melds otherwise isolated academic theories and methodologies (case studies, critical readings, and ethnographies, for example) in order to focus on race as an ideological reality and a process that continues to impact lives despite allegations that we live in a post-racial America. The collection is separated into three parts: Visualizing Race (Representational Media), Sounding Race (Soundscape), and Racialization in Place (Theory), each of which takes into account visual, audio, and geographic sites of racial representations respectively. Popular culture forms examined include TV shows such as Orange is the New Black and Breaking Bad, artists such as Shakira and Nicki Minaj, and more"--

Background:In 2019, Public Health England commissioned the authors of this paper to conduct research examining healthcare professionals' conversations about work with their patients to inform policy aimed at reducing work loss due to ill health.
Aims and objectives:The purpose of this paper is to show how the commission provided a unique opportunity for the authors to collaborate with the funders to address obstacles to policy progress.
Methods:A steering group was established to revise the original remit of research. In outlining that process here, qualitative data collected from a wide range of healthcare professionals as part of the commission are presented for the first time. We are able to further illuminate and expand on the previously published report findings and policy recommendations, revealing novel insights on researcher-policy engagement.
Findings:Robust implementation of 'work-focused healthcare' policy has been limited, resulting in an overwhelming lack of empirical data and misguided directives. However, the existing evidence did provide important information about obstacles to policy progress and how to overcome them. The qualitative data were instrumental in this respect, with healthcare professionals revealing various interpretations of, and discourse on the policy.
Discussion and conclusions:This paper adds to the expanding literature which suggests that long term, mutualistic, collaborative working is central to addressing barriers to improving evidence use and mobilising health policy into practice. It was shown that tacit, generous, open, empathic and ongoing knowledge exchange, advocacy, and alliances are needed.

AbstractBackgroundResearch suggests that providing staff with input in relation to Positive Behavioural Support (PBS) can have beneficial outcomes. Much of this research, however, fails to take account of systemic issues and does not include a control group.MethodWe used a non‐randomised, controlled group design to evaluate accredited PBS programmes, delivered as part of a systemic, regional and workforce development approach. We compared outcomes of those attending the programmes (n = 240) with a control group (n = 54), pre‐ and post‐intervention and at 3‐months follow‐up.ResultsThe programme and its wider impact were rated positively. Significant intervention effects were found for staff practice and retention, but not for staff knowledge and attributions, or behaviours that challenge and quality of life of those being supported.ConclusionsThe results are discussed in the context of the study limitations and restrictions resulting from the Covid‐19 pandemic.

Abstract. Background: Suicide prevention efforts have focused on risk factors that help identify people with an increased risk for suicide. One risk factor related to suicide risk is anxiety sensitivity cognitive concerns (ASCC), which is the "fear of going crazy." The association between ASCC and suicidal ideation is hypothesized to result from the depression–distress amplification model, which postulates that ASCC exacerbates feelings of depression and concurrent distress. Furthermore, there is evidence for associations between ASCC/dysregulated anger and dysregulated anger/suicidal ideation. We hypothesized that aggression may provide pathways from ASCC to suicidality. The current study examined how facets of aggression (described as elevated agitation) meditated the association between ASCC and suicidality. Aims: The current study aimed to extend prior research by examining how different facets of aggression mediate the association between ASCC and suicidality. Method: Participants were 440 adults recruited online, 32.7% of whom endorsed experiencing lifetime suicidal ideation. Results: Our hypotheses were partially supported with two significant indirect effects. Results indicated that physical aggression and hostility provided significant indirect effects; however, verbal aggression and anger did not. Limitations: The study was cross-sectional in nature, limiting causal interpretations about the indirect effects. The sample included primarily White participants. Conclusion: Specific facets of aggression provide pathways through which ASCC is associated with suicidality. Aggression may be a catalyst for individuals to progress to suicidality. The current study provides foundational research for continued examination of physical aggression as a catalyst for suicide attempts.

AbstractBackgroundPositive behavioural support (PBS) has been identified as a means of improving the quality of life and support of people with an intellectual disability. This qualitative study explored the views of service providers about a regional PBS programme, that was underpinned by a workforce development approach.MethodSemi‐structured interviews were conducted with senior staff (n = 42), from organizations which provided services to people with an intellectual disability, about their views about, and perceived impact of, the PBS programme, Data were analysed using thematic analysis.ResultsTwo themes were identified: "It's what PBS is about, isn't it?" emphasized the importance of the programme being systemic‐ and evidence‐based; "Macro to micro" highlighted the different points in the systems of care at which the programme was seen to impact.ConclusionsWe discuss the results in the context of the study limitations.