Suchergebnisse

Policy action is driven, shaped and regulated by the ways in which cognitive frames and interests shape and define issues and analyses - and the involvement of particular authorities, experts, problem-definitions and solutions. To understand these processes is particularly important in the realm of democratic policymaking, where agents driven by divergent interests and alternative principles struggle to preserve or reform policy, law, and institutions. This book analyzes continuity and change in EU policy and provides a systematic understanding of the interactions between ideas, organized actors, and institutions in political, administrative and related social processes. The EU policy studies make up a rich empirical territory, ranging from food security and chemicals to energy, climate change, and gender

This dissertation takes up developments in European Union policymaking that indicate important shifts from an emphasis on prioritizing markets and economic arrangements to a greater recognition and competing prioritization of what can be broadly characterized as "social" concerns. Potentially sweeping changes are taking place in EU policy in the areas of food safety, chemicals, and gender equality. Each is being substantially guided, even driven by concerns for public health, sustainability, and basic rights defined in terms of their social consequences. Such a socially defined agenda is increasingly important in European Union policymaking. This dissertation investigates these developments through case studies - based on interviews and original documents, as well as secondary literature - in three otherwise quite different policy sectors: the transformation of EU food policy from its focus on food as primarily a market commodity to taking into consideration and prioritizing public health and consumer safety concerns; EU chemicals policy and the banning of asbestos in Europe; the development of gender equality as an EU goal and the emergence of domestic violence as an EU policy concern. The concepts of public policy paradigm - and paradigm shifts - are employed as theoretical tools to specify, analyze and understand: 1) the priority ordering of guiding principles and institutional arrangements for defining and creating public policy, 2) public problem definitions and attributed causes, 3) the classes of social actors who are deemed authoritative, credible, and responsible for the amelioration of such problems, 4) the choice and formation of institutional strategies and definitions of appropriate means for problem solving, and more broadly, 5) the ways in which competing compelxes of leading ideas influence the choice and formation of institutional strategies. A paradigm shift in this perspective entails changes in one or more of the core dimensions of a paradigm. Such shifts also typically result in pressures to restructure institutional arrangements to make them consistent with a new paradigm. The cases examined here illustrate varying stages in an ongoing interplay between policy paradigms, actors, and institutional arrangements. The dissertation concludes that paradigmatic shifts have taken place in the three policy sectors examined, and that institutionalization is in varying phases of development.

Comrad Don Quixote / Nina Witoszek -- Explaining action and explaining social phenomena / Andreas Balog -- Socio-economics and a new scientific paradign / Roger hollingsworth, Karl H. Müller, Ellen Jane Hollingsworth, David M. Bear -- Rule system theory : an overview / Tom R. Burns -- Negotiation int the context of generalized game theory / Ewa Roszkowska -- Rough rule-following by social agents / Anna Gomolińska -- On the art of being usefully wrong : lessons from voting paradoxes / Hannu Nurmi -- The stabliization of social order : social cognitive dissonance theory applied to hospitals and clinics / Nora Machado -- Dare we dream of a future without AIDS? : challenges and opportunities for responsive social science research / Beth Maina Ahlberg -- Of mind and matter : policy paradigms and institutional design / Marcus Carson -- Corporate (social) responsibility as an arena for partnered governance : from the business to the public policy case / Atlte Midttun -- The institutionalization of a meta-order : negotiating the energy charter theory / Svein S. Anderson -- Opinion polling on international political accords / Hans L. Zetterburg -- The political systems of the United States and the European Union / Alberto Martinelli -- Germany and migration : a European case / Helena Flam -- Social rule systems theory and the disintegration of Yugoslavia / Dusko Sekulic -- Could Home oeconomicus become a revolutionary? : probing the irrevelance of standard economics / Christian Arnsperger, Philippe VeVillé

Siden 2009 har Brasilien, Sydafrika, Indien og Kina – de såkaldte BASIC-lande – samarbejdet i de internationale klimaforhandlinger. Dette afspejler deres stræben efter en større indflydelse på den globale politik. Men der er nogle der hævder at gruppens fremgangsmåde har blokeret for fremskridt i forhandlingerne. Dette er dog en overfladisk betragtning. Hvis man ønsker en reel indsigt i BASIC-gruppens fremgangsmåde, er det nødvendigt at forstå udviklingsproblemerne i hvert enkelt land og den geopolitiske værdi som de ser i et samarbejde. Der er tale om fire forskellige lande, og derfor er det de indenrigspolitiske prioriteringer som definerer grænserne for deres samarbejde, og hvad de kan bidrage med i klimadiskussionerne. Denne rapport, som Nordisk Ministerråd har bestilt fra Stockholm Environment Institute, giver en mere nuanceret forståelse for BASIC-samarbejdet. En sådan forståelse er af afgørende betydning hvis de internationale klimaforhandlinger skal lykkes.

Reducing global emissions will require a global cosmopolitan culture built from detailed attention to conflicting national climate change frames (interpretations) in media discourse. The authors analyze the global field of media climate change discourse using 17 diverse cases and 131 frames. They find four main conflicting dimensions of difference: validity of climate science, scale of ecological risk, scale of climate politics, and support for mitigation policy. These dimensions yield four clusters of cases producing a fractured global field. Positive values on the dimensions show modest association with emissions reductions. Data-mining media research is needed to determine trends in this global field. ; U.S. National Science Foundation (BCS 0827006) ; Canada Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council (430-2011-0093) ; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (Standard Research Grant) (22243036) ; China National Planning Office of Philosophy and Social Science (Young Scholar Research Grant for Social Science) (11CSH026) ; PRTLI 5 Higher Education Authority Ireland ; Korea Research Foundation Global Research Network Grant (MEST) (KRF-2008-220-B00013) ; Swedish Research Council (2007-2363) ; Swiss National Science Foundation, and National Science Council of ...

The rapidly changing Arctic marine ecosystems face new challenges and opportunities that are increasing and shifting governance needs in the region. A group of economists, ecologists, biologists, political scientists and resource managers met in Stockholm, SE, Sept 4–6, 2014 to discuss the governance of Arctic marine resources in a spatial context. We report on the findings here. ; The rapidly changing Arctic marine ecosystems face new challenges and opportunities that are increasing and shifting governance needs in the region. A group of economists, ecologists, biologists, political scientists and resource managers met in Stockholm, SE, Sept 4–6, 2014 to discuss the governance of Arctic marine resources in a spatial context. We report on the findings here.