Suchergebnisse

The purpose of the article – development of a rating assessment of the level of self-sufficiency of economic entities in the agricultural sector as a toolkit for strategic monitoring of sectors of the national economy. Research methods. It is based on the concept of an active policy for the implementation of entrepreneurial potential in the countryside, the components of which are measures for the development of farms and family farms, in particular, from the transformation mechanisms of formalizing personal peasant farms into a market economy environment. The following scientific methods were used: dialectical method of scientific knowledge of processes and phenomena; monographic (analysis of scientific achievements of Ukrainian and foreign scientists, analysis of the stages of business development); graphic (to obtain a synthesized representation of the object of research, identify its components, establish cause-and-effect relationships); empirical (based on a comprehensive assessment of the current state of the research object); abstract-logical (theoretical generalizations and formulation of conclusions). Research results. Assessment of the level of self-sufficiency of economic entities in the agricultural sector made it possible to establish that, first of all, it is necessary to increase competitive advantages in resource potential, namely, to increase the number of cattle, pigs, sheep and goats, to expand the sown area for vegetables, potatoes, grain and fodder crops. All this can be realized by injecting additional financial resources and appropriate state support for the agrarian sector of the economy. Scientific novelty. The methodological presentation and identification of the category of small agribusiness as structured and defined by law, institutional and economic criteria of the form of organization of farming in the countryside were further developed, with the appropriate definition of priority contours of possible organizational and economic performance of functioning due to employment in agricultural entrepreneurship. Practical significance. Analysis of the current economic situation and rating assessment of the level of self-sufficiency of economic entities in the agricultural sector made it possible to assess the prospects for the development of economic entities in the agricultural sector, as well as to carry out predictive calculations of their formation and development. Tabl.: 6. Figs.: 5. Refs.: 19.

The agricultural sector of Ukraine requires fundamental changes to improve efficiency, rural development and sustainability, which is possible through the implementation of an innovative development model. The study aimed to assess the effectiveness of the introduction of one of the types of technical innovations - agricultural drones - in the agricultural production of Ukraine. The study uses the dialectical method of scientific cognition, analysis and synthesis, systematic generalisation, comparative analysis, rating method, and the mathematical method of calculation "solution optimisation" using Excel. The study analyses modern approaches to assessing the efficiency of individual processes, which helped to formulate its algorithm for calculating the efficiency of land cultivation using agricultural drones. At the first stage of the study, the technical advantages of agricultural drones were identified, which are manifested in increased labour productivity. The second stage of the study calculated the increase in the main crops (corn, wheat, sunflower, barley, soybeans, rapeseed, peas, buckwheat, and millet) that can be obtained as a result of the use of agricultural drones on a national scale. The third stage of the study yielded an indicator of the economic efficiency of introducing agricultural drones into agricultural production, as well as a forecast of the social and environmental effects. It is emphasised that state support for the Ukrainian production of agricultural drones in various forms (subsidies, preferential lending, leasing, etc.) will contribute to the development of innovative Ukrainian industry, which will positively affect the change in the sectoral structure of the national economy and significantly increase the country's gross domestic product. The following conclusions, suggestions and practical recommendations may be useful in developing relevant programmes and measures aimed at developing the agricultural sector of Ukraine.

The purpose of the article is to assess the current state of motivational factors, in particular labor relations in the agrarian entrepreneurship development based on the system of factors of its formation. Research methods. In the process of the research, the dialectical method of cognition was used to analyze scientific works on the problem of the development of social and labor relations, the method of empirical research to assess and describe the current state and development of the research object. Research results. The main trends in the formation of motivational factors in the development of agricultural entrepreneurship, the influence of transformation processes on the development of social and labor relations, the level of economic activity, wages, and unemployment have been established. Institutional factors, labor legislation, the nature of labor relations, qualifications of workers, labor motivation are considered. It has been substantiated that the organizational factor in the formation of labor relations is collective agreements and contracts, their improvement in areas, their coordination and harmonization of the interests of employees and employers, the state as a society representative. Scientific novelty. Based on a comprehensive study of the motivational factors that stimulate the development of agricultural entrepreneurship, the directions of their solution are determined, practical measures are proposed to realize the scientific and market potential at the level of the industry and enterprises. Practical significance. The proposed measures make it possible to realize the potential for the formation and development of social and labor relations in the agricultural sector, in particular, agricultural entrepreneurship. Tabl.: 3. Figs.: 4. Refs.: 18.

The purpose of the article is to deepen the theoretical and methodological foundations of the creation and functioning of family farms in entrepreneurial activity and reveal their socio-economic orientation. Research methods. It is based on the concept of an active policy for the implementation of entrepreneurial potential in the countryside, the components of which are measures for the development of farms and family farms, including through the transformation mechanism of formalizing personal peasant farms into a market economy environment. In the process of research, the following scientific methods were used: dialectical scientific knowledge of processes and phenomena; monographic (analysis of scientific achievements of Ukrainian and foreign scientists, analysis of the stages of business development); graphic (to obtain a synthesized representation of the object of research, identify its components, establish causal relationships); empirical (based on a comprehensive assessment of the current state of the research object); comparative analysis (identified the problems and directions of the formation and development of farming; taking into account the specific conditions of agricultural activity and comparing the processes of farming development at the national level); prognostic (forming the conceptual framework for regulating and improving the entrepreneurship development strategy); abstract-logical (theoretical generalizations and formulation of conclusions). Research results. On the basis of generalization, measures were introduced, in particular, to compensate part of the single social payment (SSP) to family farms, according to the calculations, they can provide in the near future up to 200 thousand such farms (in the total potential of domestic family farming is about a million farms), which is possible both through a change in organizational and the legal form of already existing small farms, and through formalization of personal peasant farms into the market environment, acquiring the official status of physical person entrepreneur - SPE. Analyzing the role of the potential of family farming, it should be noted that its formation affects the development of Ukraine, since agriculture directly or indirectly ensures the achievement of many sustainable development goals provided for by the Sustainable Development Goals of Ukraine for the period up to 2030. The study made it possible to determine the socio-economic orientation and socio-economic efficiency of the development of family farming both for the Ukrainian economy and communities, taking into account the institutional, legal and financial and economic prerequisites for their functioning. Scientific novelty. The methodological representation and identification of the category of family farming have received further development, which is considered here as an organization of agricultural production, forestry, fisheries, livestock, aquaculture, which is managed by the family and can be organized both in the form of an individual and a legal entity. Practical significance. It was revealed that the peculiarity of the functioning of family farms lies in the fact that they simultaneously represent production and consumer unit, and therefore combine two goals - production (maximizing income) and consumer (increasing the well-being of all members of the household). The following models of development of subjects of the rural family economy have been systematized: a model of labor farming; the farm model based on the use of hired labor; family corporation model. It was found that on the basis of the family organization of labor, a small local economy "family farm" is formed, the features of which include: the duality of development goals, that is, the implementation of the entrepreneurial ability of its members to manage the land and maximize income; the reproductive process depends on the existing system of informal institutions; the defining norms of behavior of its members include: loyalty to traditions and cultural heritage, social orientation, innovation, sustainability, trust and predictability of actions of household members; a combination of multi-vector, contradictory processes; a combination of technological, economic and cultural conditions for the functioning of a family farm, which determine the synergistic effect.

The purpose of the article is to evaluate measures to support the activities of farms and family farms in the conditions of David-19 and make a forecast assessment of their development and formation. Research methods. It is based on the active policy concept of entrepreneurial potential realization in the countryside, which includes measures for the farms and family farms development, in particular through the transformational mechanism of household formalization into a market environment. The following scientific methods were used in the research process: dialectical scientific knowledge of processes and phenomena; monographic (analysis of scientific achievements of Ukrainian and foreign scientists, as well as stages of business development); graphic (to obtain a synthesized idea of the object of study, to identify its components, to establish causal relationships); empirical (regarding a comprehensive assessment of the current state of the object of study); comparative analysis (identification of problems and directions of formation and development of farming); comparative analysis (taking into account the specific conditions of agricultural activity and comparing the processes of farming development at the national level); prognostic (formation of conceptual bases of regulation and improvement of the strategy of development of business); abstract-logical (theoretical generalizations and formulation of conclusions). Research results. The situation on minimizing the impact of quarantine measures under the conditions of Covid-19 and their consequences and interaction in the development of farms and family farms in rural areas is analyzed. On the basis of generalization in the development of mechanisms to ensure the efficiency of the agricultural sector of the economy, it is necessary to take into account the features and vulnerabilities of the organizational and legal management form. It was found that the most vulnerable to the introduction of quarantine restrictions are small and medium-sized farms, mostly those engaged in vegetable production, in particular the production of early vegetables and berries. This can directly lead to a reduction in their number. Thus, by 2025, the number of farms may be reduced by 450 units - up to 32639 against 33089 in 2019. However, the introduced measures, including compensation the part of SST for family farms, are able to provide in the near future approximately 200 thousand such farms both through a change in the organizational and legal form of existing small farms and through household formalization into the market environment with the acquisition of the official status of business entities. Scientific novelty. The methodological representation and identification of the category of self-employment as structured and defined by law, institutional and economic criteria, forms of organization of rural management with the appropriate definition of priority contours of possible organizational and economic effectiveness of functioning through employment in non-agricultural enterprises. Practical significance. The basic principles for counteracting the impact of restrictive measures in the context of Covid-19 were revealed, which allowed to assess the prospects for the development of farms, including family farms, as well as to make predictive calculations of the impact of proposed measures on their formation and development. Tabl.: 3. Figs.: 1. Refs.: 24.

The purpose of the article is to deepen the theoretical and substantiation of methodological provisions for defining the concept of "rural areas". Research methods. It has been used general and unique methods, including theoretical generalization and dialectical methods of cognition of processes and phenomena (specifying the categorical-conceptual apparatus), monographic (analysis of the evolution of scientific achievements to define and interpret the category of "rural areas"), abstract-logical formulation of conclusions), comparative analysis (identified basic approaches to the interpretation of economic concepts from the administrative, resource, systemic, territorial point of view), empirical (for a comprehensive assessment of definitions). Research results. The relevance of theoretical research of rural areas is substantiated. The approaches of different authors to the interpretation of the economic category "rural areas", transformations in economic research, identification of patterns and socio-economic nature of the origin of approaches to their performance, and summarize the research results to determine this definition. Based on the analysis, several scientific and methodological approaches are singled out, particularly territorial, spatial, structural, systemic and multicriteria. Based on these definitions, we formulated the author's definition. Scientific novelty. Theoretical provisions on the definition of "rural area" have been further developed. The author's view of the essence of this concept is formulated, and its components are singled out, according to which their spatial and economic definition can be given. Practical significance. Proposals have been made to interpret the category "rural area". The results of the study can be taken into account in determining the priority areas and prospects for the development of individual regions and will contribute to the development of new effective strategies and programs to ensure the economic potential of the rural regions to develop their infrastructure and create appropriate conditions for rural self-realization.