Suchergebnisse

S. Maksudov. Internal migrations in the USSR between 1926 and 1939. This article deals with the population migrations that took place between the Soviet European and Asian republics during the years 1926-1939. Our computations were based on materials from the 1926, 1937 and 1939 censuses of the ethnic composition of the population region by region. According to these estimations the migratory balance between Russia and Kazakhstan and Central Asia was negative: -1,490,000; the same is true concerning migrations between Russia and Transcaucasia: -531,000; the balance reached -217,000 for the Ukraine and -57,000 for Bielorussia. Kazakhstan took in 550,000 people, Central Asia, 1,155,000 and Transcaucasia, 590,000. These results seem to be somewhat underestimated because they do not take into account gaps in the 1937 census' population breakdown by nationality and the human losses which occurred after migration. During that time, 590,000 people moved to Russia from the Ukraine and 273,000 from Bielorussia.

Maksudov, The national composition of the Red Army according to the 1920 census.
The 1920 census, as it bears on the composition of the Red Army, contributes an answer to the following question: to whom are the Bolsheviks indebted for their victory in the Civil War? It seems that it is the peasants and the workers of the Central districts of Russia who constituted the bulk of the Red Army. On the other hand, the peoples of the borderlands of the Empire (Ukraine, Bielorussia, Poland, Baltic countries, Transcaucasia, and Central Asia), who constituted practically one half of the Russian population, represented only one tenth of the Red Army troops. Foreign war prisoners (Hungarians, Czechoslovakians, Serbs, Chinese, etc.), who amounted to about 3 million in Russia, in 1917, counted only a few thousand within the Red Army in 1920 and played an even smaller part in the operations.
Such a distribution of the forces of the Russian Empire during the years of the Civil War can be explained by the national interests of the peoples of the borderlands, by the help they received from Western countries, and by a greater receptivity of the Russian population with regard to the main Bolshevik slogans: peace and land.

Maksudov, Demographic losses of the population of USSR, 1918-1958.
On basis of statistics published in USSR and a critical study of sources, the author reckons the demographic losses of the Soviet population during the period of 1918-1958. He examines the circumstances which at different stages have altered the normal course of the evolution (civil war, collectivisation, repressions of 1926 to 1938, Second World War and the subsequent movements).