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A GENERATION HAS PASSED SINCE THE NIXON ADMINISTRATION ESTABLISHED RACIAL QUOTAS IN HIRING, PROMOTION, COLLEGE ADMISSIONS, AND GOVERNMENT CONTRACTS. THESE AFFIRMATIVE ACTION POLICIES HAVE OPENED MANY ECONOMIC AND EDUCATIONAL OPPORTUNITIES FOR AFRICAN AMERICANS AND HAVE PLAYED AN IMPORTANT ROLE IN THE EMERGENCE OF A LARGE AND GROWING BLACK MIDDLE CLASS. HOWEVER, THERE ARE COMPELLING REASONS WHY GOVERNMENT-MANDATED RACIAL QUOTAS SHOULD NOW BE REPEALED. RACIAL PREFERENCES ARE DISCRIMINATORY, VIOLATE THE PRINCIPLES OF AMERICAN CITIZENSHIP, FOSTER DEPENDENCY ON GOVERNMENT, RESTRICT FREEDOM, AND FAIL TO ADDRESS THE CENTRAL CHALLENGE FACING BLACK AMERICAN TODAY -INTEGRATING POOR BLACK MALES INTO THE MAINSTREAM OF SOCIETY AND THE ECONOMY.

WILLIAM KRISTOL IS CHAIRMAN OF THE PROJECT FOR THE REPUBLICAN FUTURE, WHOSE GOALS ARE TO CHALLENGE THE PREMISES AND PURPOSES OF LIBERALISM AND TO SERVE AS "A STRATEGIC NERVE CENTER FOR A NETWORK OF THINKERS, ACTIVISTS, AND ORGANIZATIONS COMMITTED TO A COHERENT AGENDA OF CONSERVATIVE REFORM." IN THIS INTERVIEW, KRISTOL DISCUSSES THE 1992 MID-TERM ELECTIONS AND THE PRESIDENCY OF BILL CLINTON.

SOMETIME BEFORE THE END OF THIS CENTURY, A VERY SUBSTANTIAL MINORITY, IF NOT A MAJORITY, OF AFRICAN AMERICANS WILL BEGIN IDENTIFYING WITH POLITICAL CONSERVATISM RATHER THAN POLITICAL LIBERALISM. THIS CATACLYSM WILL NOT NECESSARILY BENEFIT THE REPUBLICAN PARTY BECAUSE MANY OF THE MOST ARTICULATE VOICES OF THE NEW BLACK CONSERVATISM WILL BE DEMOCRATS. NEVERTHELESS, THE EPICENTER OF AMERICAN POLITICS WILL MOVE SHARPLY TO THE RIGHT. HINTS OF THIS HAVE ALREADY BEEN SEEN IN THE CONFIRMATION OF CLARENCE THOMAS TO THE U.S. SUPREME COURT AND THE ELECTION OF BERT SCHUNDLER AS MAYOR OF JERSEY CITY, NEW JERSEY.

REPRESENTATIVE CHARLES W. STENHOLM OF TEXAS HEADS THE CONSERVATIVE DEMOCRATIC FORUM, WHICH CLAIMS 59 MEMBERS AND IS GROWING IN CONGRESSIONAL INFLUENCE. IN THIS INTERVIEW, STENHOLM DISCUSSES HOW FORUM MEMBERS DIFFER FROM REPUBLICANS AND OTHER DEMOCRATS, HOW THE FORUM HAS INFLUENCED PAST LEGISLATION, AND WHAT ITS ROLE WILL BE IN FUTURE CONGRESSIONAL VOTING.

THE AUTHOR ARGUES THAT THE GULF CRISIS WAS A GREAT MILITARY VICTORY FOR THE UNITED STATES AND A FOREIGN POLICY VICTORY FOR PRESIDENT GEORGE BUSH.

IN THIS INTERVIEW, HOUSE MINORITY WHIP NEWT GINGRICH DISCUSSES THE 1990 BUDGET NEGOTIATIONS BETWEEN CONGRESS AND THE WHITE HOUSE, HOW CONGRESSIONAL REPUBLICANS AND THE WHITE HOUSE CAN WORK TOGETHER, HOW THE GOP CAN IMPROVE ITS SHOWING IN THE NEXT CONGRESSIONAL ELECTIONS, AND WHY HE ALMOST LOST HIS OWN ELECTION IN 1990.

SENATOR PHIL GRAMM SURPRISED MANY OF HIS ADMIRERS WHEN HE ENDORSED THE 1990 BUDGET SUMMIT AGREEMENT, INCLUDING ITS TAX INCREASES, AND FAILED TO PUSH STRONGLY FOR THE ENFORCEMENT OF THE GRAMM-RUDMAN DEFICIT TARGETS. IN THIS INTERVIEW, HE DEFENDS HIS ROLE IN THE BUDGET NEGOTIATIONS AND DISCUSSES HIS POLITICAL PRIORITIES FOR 1991.

WITH THE BREATHTAKING LIBERALIZAITON IN EASTERN EUROPE AND THE SOVIET UNION (AND NICARAGUA AS WELL), LEFT AND RIGHT ALIKE ARE RUSHING TO TAKE CREDIT FOR CHANGES NEITHER REALLY PREDICTED, AND TO JUSTIFY THEIR EARLIER POSITIONS IN LIGHT OF WHAT HAS HAPPENED. THIS ARTICLE DISCUSSES TWO IMPORTANT CAVEATS THAT MUST ACCOMPANY ANY EFFORT TO GIVE CREDIT TO THE WEST FOR THE COLLAPSE OF THE SOVIET EMPIRE: THE FACT THAT THE TIMING AND PACE OF LIBERALIZATION HAVE TAKEN VIRTUALLY ALL VISITORS BY SURPRISE; AND THE FACT THAT GORBACHEV AND HIS NUMEROUS ALLIES, ESPECIALLY THE ARMY AND THE KGB, HAVE ALLOWED THE REFORMS TO TAKE PLACE.

THE ARTICLE EXAMINES ADAM SMITH'S THE WEALTH OF NATIONS WITH EMPHASIS ON SMITH'S VIEWS ON GOVERNMENT REGULATION. IT CONCLUDES THAT SMITH MAD A CASE FOR A NUMBER OF GOVERNMENT PROGRAMS INCLUDING PUBLIC EDUCATION, PUBLIC HEALTH MEASURES, SAFETY REGULATIONS, AND LABOR REGULATIONS PROTECTING WORKMEN AGAINST FRAUDULENT PAYMENT BY EMPLOYERS. SMITH SAW NOW CONTRADICTION BETWEEN HIS GENERAL OPPOSITION TO ECONOMIC REGULATION AND HIS SUPPORT FOR SAFETY REGULATION AS WELL AS PROGRAMS PROVIDING OPPORTUNITY FOR THE LESS FORTUNATE. IT CONCLUDES THAT SMITH OFFERS AN INTELLECTUAL FRAMEWORK FOR A GENEROUS AND COMPASSIONATE GOVERNMENT CONSISTENT WITH A COMPETITIVE MARKET ECONOMY.

MEYERSON REPORTS ON INTERVIEW WITH AMBASSADOR JEANE KIRKPATRICK IN WHICH SHE DISCUSSES HER VIEWS ON DOMESTIC ISSUES SUCH AS CHILD-CARE, ABORTION, ERA, WELFARE REFORM, AND EDUCATION.

THE AUTHOR CALLS FOR LIBERALS TO REASSESS THEIR BELIEF THAT REAGAN'S POLICY TOWARDS THE USSR WILL LEAD TO WAR. THE LIBERAL OBSTRUCTION OF REAGAN AID TO THE CONTRAS WAS BASED ON THIS MISCONCEPTION. THE LIBERAL ANALOGY BETWEEN THE US INVASION OF GRENADA AND THE SOVIET INVASION OF AFGHANISTAN IS DESCRIBED AS PREPOSTEROUS.

THE AUTHOR ARGUES THAT THE BATTLES FOR JAPAN IN 1945 WOULD HAVE BEEN JUST AS DESTRUCTIVE AS DROPPING THE BOMB ON HIROSHIMA AND NAGASAKI. TO THE ARGUMENT THAT A NAVAL BLOCKADE PLUS ENCOURAGEMENT OF THE "PEACE PARTY" IN JAPAN WOULD HAVE ENDED THE WAR WITHOUT THE BOMB OR AN INVASION, THE AUTHOR POINTS OUT THAT THE PEACE PARTY WAS DEFINITELY NOT IN CONTROL IN JAPAN IN 1945.

To what extent does domestic politics affect the agreement reached in an international trade negotiation? In order to address this question, Christopher C. Meyerson develops an approach to analyzing the relationship between domestic politics and international relations in trade policymaking. This approach is used to analyze both American and Japanese trade policymaking and US-Japan trade negotiations, especially during the GATT Uruguay Round agriculture negotiations that occurred between 1986 and 1994. Meyerson not only develops an innovative approach to the analysis of the relationship between domestic politics and international relations in trade policymaking, but also, using publicly available GATT documents and publications, US Congressional hearings and Japanese-language sources, provides a strong narrative description of the roles of the United States and Japan in the GATT Uruguay Round agriculture negotiations.

Machine generated contents note: 1. Logic (Healthy and Ill) -- 2. Majority Rules -- 3. The Positive Value of Consensus -- 4. The First Veto -- 5. What Does Equality Equal? -- 6. Game Theory and the Constitution -- 7. Multidimensional Thinking -- 8. Infinity and the Constitution -- 9. The Incomplete Constitution -- 10. Constitutional Chaos -- 11. The Mathematics of Limits -- 12. The Limits of Mathematics