Suchergebnisse

THE WELL-ENTRENCHED MINIMALIST NOTION OF PEACE HAS RECENTLY BEEN AUGMENTED BY A NOTION OF POSITIVE PEACE, DEFINED AS THE ABSENCE OF STRUCTURAL VIOLENCE. THIS PAPER OPENS WITH A CRITIQUE OF JOHAN GALTUNG'S USAGE, WHICH CONFLATES IDEAS BETTER APPROACHED SEPARATELY. IT THEN CRITICIZES THE NOTION OF HUMAN NEEDS USED BY CHRISTIAN BAY AS THE NORMATIVE FOUNDATION FOR HIS IDEA OF POSITIVE PEACE, AND BY COMPARING POSITIVE PEACE WITH BERLIN'S NOTION OF POSITIVE LIBERTY HIGHLIGHTS THE DANGER THAT POSITIVE PEACE MIGHT BE PURSUED WITH DIRECT VIOLENCE. DESPITE WHAT POPPER ARGUES, THE PEACEFUL UTOPIAS OF BAY AND GALTUNG NEED NOT BE PURSUED WITH DIRECT VIOLENCE. HOWEVER, AS THEY COULD JUSTIFY THE INSTRUMENTAL USE OF DIRECT VIOLENCE, THEY DEMAND STRONGER NORMATIVE FOUNDATIONS THAN GALTUNG AND BAY HAVE HITHERTO PROVIDED.

After decades of turmoil a new phase is opening up for Afghanistan, in which a new generation comes to the fore as many of the key players from earlier phases, including foreign interventionist powers, leave the scene. Although this new phase offers new possibilities and increased hope for Afghanistan's future, the huge problems created in earlier phases remain. This book presents a comprehensive overall assessment of the current state of politics and society in Afghanistan, outlining the difficulties and discussing the future possibilities. Many of the contributors are Afghans or Afghan insiders, who are able to put forward a much richer view of the situation than outside foreign observers.

On 1 September 2021, after the publicly indicated completion of current rescue efforts at Kabul Airport, the following matters be referred to the Foreign Affairs, Defence and Trade References Committee for inquiry and interim report by 29 November 2021, and a final report by the first parliamentary sitting week in February 2022: Australia's twenty-year military, diplomatic and development engagement in Afghanistan, with reference to: our success in achieving the Australian Governments' stated objectives, the collapse of the Afghan Government and Afghan National Army, and the Taliban's resurgence and takeover of Kabul, following the withdrawal of coalition troops from Afghanistan, the costs of Australia's engagement in Afghanistan; the adequacy of Australia's preparation for withdrawal from Afghanistan, including: closure of the embassy, the evacuation of Australian citizens, permanent residents and visa holders, and decisions relating to evacuation of at risk Afghan nationals and partners and family members of Australian citizens and permanent residents; how the Australian Government should respond to recent developments in Afghanistan in order to: protect Australia's national security, prevent or mitigate damage to Australia's international reputation, if necessary, extend immediate mental health support to Australian defence force personnel and veterans while the Royal Commission into Defence and Veteran Suicide remains ongoing, and protect Australian citizens, visa holders, and Afghan nationals who supported Australian forces, where they remain in Afghanistan; and any related matters.