Suchergebnisse

Theoretischer Hintergrund ist einmal die Auffassung von G. Myrdal, der den ökonomischen und sozialen Verfall peripherer Gebiete durch antizyklische Förderungspolitik für umkehrbar hält, andererseits die strukturelle Imperialismustheorie (Galtung, Senghaas), die die Unausweichlichkeit der abhängigen Produktion postuliert: jede Form der Interaktion zwischen Zentrum und Peripherie wirkt sich zum Nachteil der Peripherie aus, auch staatliche Intervention. Praktische Folgerung aus diesen dependenztheoretischen Entwürfen ist das Konzept der autozentrierten Entwicklung. Konzepte autonomer Regionalentwicklung sind Varianten dieser Theorie. Der Autor versucht nun mit Hilfe dreier Bestimmungsmerkmale die Regionalbewegungen zu kennzeichnen: (1) Unterdrückung einer ethisch-linguistischen Minderheit, (2) ökonomische Abhängigkeit einer Peripherie zum Zentrum und (3) politisch-administrativer Abhängigkeit einer Region. Zum Schluß werden strukturelle, sozialpsychologische und praktischpolitische Probleme erörtert. Wie weit geht die Kooperation zwischen ländlichen Bürgerinitiativen und der Alternativbewegung? Wie organisieren sich die Regionalbewegungen in Österreich? Wie groß sind die Aussichten für Selbstorganisation auf dem Lande? (PF)

In this paper, we explore the idea of social innovation as both a conceptual and practical means of delivering positive social, economic and environmental outcomes in marginal rural areas. Definitions are critically appraised, and the dual contemporary origins of the term social innovation (in management sciences and critical social science) are explored. There has been much conceptual confusion, in particular about the extent to which civil society agency is central or desirable in social innovation. Social innovation can be seen to be closely connected to a range of theories that inform both innovation and rural development, but it lacks a singular theoretical "home". Social innovation can also have a dark side, which merits scrutiny. Three case studies illustrate social innovation processes and outcomes in different parts of Europe. Where committed actors, local enabling agency and overarching policies align, the outcomes of social innovations can be considerable. If rarely transformational, social innovation has shown itself capable of delivering positive socioeconomic and environmental outcomes in more bounded spatial settings. It seems questionable whether social innovation will survive as an organising and capacity-building concept alongside more established principles, such as community-led local development, which, although not exactly social innovation, is very similar and already firmly embedded in policy guidance or whether it will be replaced by new equally fuzzy ideas, such as the smart village approach.

AbstractSocial innovation is perceived as a collaborative response from civic society actors to societal challenges and as such is increasingly being recognised as a driver for sustainable development. Social innovation promotes civic values, particularly in marginalised rural areas that are often struggling with biophysical and market limits, as well as shortages of public funding. In order to identify diverging development paths (DDPs) for social innovation, in this article, we use two large sets of empirical material from the SIMRA research project. First, for meta‐analyses of social innovation in diverse situations and contexts, we use 211 validated social innovation examples. Second, we rely on 11 in‐depth cases to reflect on the contexts and dimensions of social innovation. The elaboration of conceptualisation and deductive analyses result in the creation of a typology of social innovation DDPs, with four DDPs identified and explained. The article provides an improved understanding of how social innovation emerges and develops and how to capture processes and resulting changes in marginalised rural areas in order to turn such areas' diversity into strengths. An important conclusion is that social innovation involves both local and external actors, yet cannot develop without specific internal local activity and local knowledge.

Das Modell- und Demonstrationsvorhaben "Regionen Aktiv - Land gestaltet Zukunft" wurde im Jahr 2001 durch das Bundesministerium für Verbraucherschutz, Ernährung und Landwirtschaft als bundesweiter Wettbewerb initiiert. Gesucht wurden Regionen, die die Ziele "Verbraucherorientierung", "natur- und umweltverträgliche Landbewirtschaftung", "Stärkung ländlicher Räume und Schaffung zusätzlicher Einkommensquellen" sowie "Stärkung der Stadt-Land Beziehungen" modellhaft in ihrer Region umsetzen. Begleitet wurde das Modellvorhaben von einem interdisziplinären Forschungsteam. Aufgeteilt in mehreren Modulen wurde das Modellvorhaben aus verschiedenen Blickwinkeln und mit unterschiedlichen Methoden analysiert und bewertet. Der vorliegende Synthesebericht fügt die Ergebnisse dieser einzelnen Module zusammen und präsentiert die zentralen Ergebnisse und Handlungsempfehlungen der Begleitforschung.

The "Final Report on Cross-Case Studies Assessment of Social Innovation" provides a transversal and systematic analysis of the Case Studies of Social innovation (SI) identified in the H2020 SIMRA project (http://www.simra-h2020.eu/) using aggregated qualitative and quantitative empirical information. The cross-case analysis identifies commonalities and differences across the cases in relation to the principal issues and characteristics of social innovation processes in Marginalised Rural Areas and examines complex and situated relationships and interactions. The cross-case assessment of the main social innovation issues and characteristics was based on the investigation of important trends identified within five cross-cutting themes of enquiry: The factors that influence the emergence and development of social innovation in terms of both the context and characteristics of actors. The process of reconfiguration and the changes of social practices (e.g. new networks, new government arrangements). The model of social innovation development and the identification of trajectory of divergence. The impacts of the social innovation on dimensions of territorial capital (economy, society, environment, governance). The analysis of policy impacts on social innovation and social innovation policy implications. In addition to the analysis undertaken for each theme of enquiry, composite indicators were calculated which were based upon the methodology developed in Secco et al. (2019) to better understand Social Innovation in Marginalised Rural Areas on a large scale. Outputs associated with the report are recommendations on factors linked to the success and failure of social innovation initiatives in relation to impacts of policies or on policies. ; Suggested citation: Ravazzoli, E., Dalla Torre, C., Streifeneder, T., Pisani, E., Da Re, R., Vicentini, K., Secco, L., Górriz-Mifsud, E., Marini Govigli, V., Melnykovych, M., Valero, D., Bryce, R., Weiß, G., Ludvig, A., Zivojinovic, I. and Lukesch, R. 2020. Final Report on ...