Suchergebnisse

The aim of this thesis is to explore the relationship between soundscape and underlying landscape in urban context, in order to improve the urban ecosystem service function of soundscapes through a landscape and urban planning approach. Soundscape-landscape relationship was studied on two scales, i.e. in a multi-functional urban area, and in typical functional areas—city parks, based on case studies in Germany and China, respectively.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to develop and validate a standardized client satisfaction scale for social work programs in China. Method: We generated items through a thorough literature review, confirmed by experts, and indigenized and revised by scholars, practitioners, and clients. The sample was from 15 government-sponsored social work programs' clients in Jiangsu Province, China. We conducted exploratory factor analyses to test reliability ( N = 299) and confirmatory factor analyses to examine validity ( N = 699). Predictive validity was also tested. Results: The client satisfaction scale, consisting of 4 dimensions with 15 items, demonstrates good internal consistency, satisfactory factorial validity, and positive correlation with clients' service participation frequency. Discussion: The 4-dimension client satisfaction scale is a reliable and valid instrument. It taps into client perceptions and feedback based on their service experiences. This study offers a feasible way to promote the standardization of social work programs in China.

AbstractAlthough several studies have highlighted a significant association between parent-adolescent attachment and well-being in normal adolescents, studies exploring this relationship among hearing-impaired adolescents are scarce. The current study examined the association of parent-adolescent attachment with well-being and the underlying mechanism of this relationship among Chinese hearing-impaired students. A total of 512 hearing-impaired students from eight special education centers and schools (female: n = 223; mean age = 17.28 years) were recruited for this study and completed self-report measures of parent-adolescent attachment, resilience, emotional and behavioral problems, and well-being. The results found that for Chinese hearing-impaired students: (1) There was a significant positive correlation between parent-adolescent attachment and well-being. (2) Even after controlling for the effect of gender, parent-adolescent attachment was a significant predictor of well-being. (3) Resilience mediated the relationship between parent-adolescent attachment and well-being. Furthermore, emotional and behavioral problems moderated this relationship. These findings had broad implications in the field of well-being in hearing-impaired adolescents. It suggested that developing secure parent-adolescent attachment, improving resilience, and reducing emotional and behavioral problems could help improve the hearing-impaired students' well-being.

An understanding of the doping and ion distributions in light-emitting electrochemical cells (LECs) is required to approach a realistic conduction model which can precisely explain the electrochemical reactions, p-n junction formation, and ion dynamics in the active layer and to provide relevant information about LECs for systematic improvement of function and manufacture. Here, Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) microscopy is used to monitor anion density profile and polymer structure in situ and for time-resolved mapping of electrochemical doping in an LEC under bias. The results are in very good agreement with the electrochemical doping model with respect to ion redistribution and formation of a dynamic p-n junction in the active layer. We also physically slow ions by decreasing the working temperature and study frozen-junction formation and immobilization of ions in a fixed-junction LEC device by FTIR imaging. The obtained results show irreversibility of the ion redistribution and polymer doping in a fixed-junction device. In addition, we demonstrate that infrared microscopy is a useful tool for in situ characterization of electroactive organic materials. ; Funding Agencies|Power Papers project from the Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation [2011-0050]; Swedish Government Strategic Research Area in Materials Science on Functional Materials at Linkoping University [SFO-Mat-LiU 2009-00971]