Suchergebnisse

This edited volume examines the social networks of older people in nine countries from a range of perspectives in order to determine the potential of informal support structures to deliver the bulk of care in today's society. Researchers from the United States, Canada, England and Wales, France, Spain, the Netherlands, Sweden, Finland, and Israel present up-to-date analyses of support networks in each of their countries. The social policy implications of the comparative data are critically reviewed. The findings clearly suggest that social network availability is diminishing for a significant

This article examines the emerging structure of neighborhood self-management in Jerusalem, a project based on the merger of various community decision organizations into a single neighborhood authority. Results from a field study of community opinion leaders and key informants revealed that the venture is seen to portend several potential benefits, such as encouraging uniform neighborhood participation, preventing community conflict and limiting the intrusion of national party politics into the neighborhood arena. However, short-comings are also expected, particularly the limiting of the development of uniquely neighborhood-relevant solutions and restricting the conditions for developing efficacious neighborhood self-management in the long run.

This article delineates the development of a methodology for evaluating social programs for the elderly in 60 community centers in Israel. Two theories of aging were applied to the results of a smallest space analysis, and eight potential program types were identified. Centers were found to function primarily in an activity perspective on aging. Expansion of service to include a disengagement view was positively correlated with ease of access to the facility and program longevity.

This analysis examined mortality among late-life Soviet Jewish immigrants in Israel, and the contribution of post-migration work status to their survival. The study linked 1997 survey data to mortality records, seven years hence. The results revealed that mortality was associated with older age, male gender, morbidity, and having less resourceful social networks. More importantly, after controlling for these background variables work status remained a significant correlate. Late-life immigrants who had never worked in the host country had a significantly greater risk of death than their immigrant counterparts who had ever worked (or were still working).

83% des Israéliens âgés de 60 ans et plus sont nés dans un autre pays et ont immigré en Israël à un moment de leur vie. La population âgée d'Israël rassemble une vaste palette de catégories socioculturelles qui n'ont pas toutes les mêmes normes et traditions, niveaux d'instruction et structures démographiques. La présente étude s'appuie sur les résultats d'une enquête nationale israélienne pour examiner les différences de statut migratoire et d'appartenance ethnique permettant d'expliquer le recours des personnes âgées au circuit d'aide formel ou informel. Le lien entre la catégorie de population et l'aide formelle ou informelle reçue par la population âgée d'Israël a été peu examiné à ce jour. Or, une analyse multidimensionnelle permet de combiner divers éléments significatifs, tant sur un plan spatial (pays d'origine) que temporel (date d'immigration) : cette analyse montre que les nouveaux immigrants, qui ont tous quitté l'ex-Union soviétique à un âge avancé, et les anciens immigrants venus d'Asie et d'Afrique reçoivent davantage d'aide informelle que les anciens immigrants originaires d'Europe. Ces derniers reçoivent moins d'aide informelle que les Israéliens arabes nés dans le pays, mais davantage que les Israéliens juifs nés dans le pays. Ceux-ci utilisent les dispositifs formels de manière analogue aux anciens immigrants. Toutefois, les nouveaux immigrants ont moins recours aux services de santé, mais davantage aux services sociaux. Malgré leur moindre capacité à effectuer les activités de la vie quotidienne et leur comorbidité supérieure, les Israéliens arabes font moins appel aux services de santé, notamment aux soins personnels formels fournis par une aide à domicile.