Suchergebnisse

[Abstract] In 2014, Basuki Cahaya Purnama was inaugurated as the Governor of Jakarta after Joko Widodo became the president of Republic of Indonesia. The Tionghoans in Indonesia again paved their way to the domestic politics area actively with a view to retaining the rights and development of the Tionghoan society. Nonetheless, parties founded by the Tionghoans had stagnation with no progress in politics while the main mode for the Tionghoans' political participation in the future is depicted. The first half part of this article will focus the change of the Tionghoans' political participation in the Post-Soeharto Era so as to depict the main political participation mode. As the result, the article suggests that political participation gives Tionghoans an opportunity to acquire identity from the local society. After more Tionghoans' join the political field, the interaction between them and the local people will pave the way to further the identity to another level. Keywords: Indonesian-Tionghoa, political participation, identity, Post-Soeharto Era [中文摘要] 2014年印尼出現歷史上首位民選華人省長-鍾萬學,不僅象徵印尼華人之參政邁向新里程碑,激勵更多華人投入當地政治事務,亦有助於提昇當地華人地位並維繫其發展與權利。然而回顧後蘇哈托時期印尼華人的參政過程,華人政黨已漸式微,取而代之的是華人代表主流政黨參與議會或地方選舉;而透過民主體制之參政途徑,華人社會除了得以凝聚族群自我認同,亦有爭取當地社會認同之契機,進而實現多元主義國家之遠程目標。 是故,本文將透過國內外針對後蘇哈托時期印尼華人參政之研究與文獻,以及當前華人參政之事實,分析其主要參政模式,進而說明印尼華人參政之重要性,不單只為維繫華人社會之生存與發展;相對地,本文認為,參政是為爭取當地社會對於華人之認同的契機與途徑。儘管目前印尼華人仍須積極耕耘當地政治領域,然而以參政為切入點,不僅得以探察當地社會對於華人之認同,當華人參政之勢漸盛,亦能向內凝聚自我認同,向外達到雙方其他層面之認同,最後推展至與印尼社會團結共處之互動模式。 關鍵字:印尼華人、華人參政、族群認同、後蘇哈托時期

[Abstract] In 2014, Basuki Cahaya Purnama (popularly known as Ahok) was inaugurated as the first governor with Tionghoa ethnicity in the post-Soeharto era. His case not only marks the milestone of Tionghoa's political participation in Indonesia, but also inspires more Tionghoa to engage in the local politics, with the aim of maintaining their social status and rights. Nevertheless, while Tionghoa enthusiastically participate in the local politics by means of establishing political parties, being upheld by mainstream parties for representative elections, or running for local elections, there are still some people in the public who do not recognize Tionghoa's identity and their political participation. Therefore, with companion of recent advocacy to strive for self-identity, the Indonesian-Tionghoa can leap at the chance, through the approach of political participation in the democratic electoral system, to gain the preliminary identity from local society, and gradually achieve identity in other aspects. By analyzing the facts of Indonesian-Tionghoa's political participation after the fall of Soeharto, this research firstly shows that running for elections of local chief executives has steadily become the trend for Tionghoa's political participation. Moreover, with netnography as the method of data collecting for further analysis, the ideology of Bhinneka Tunggal Ika (Unity in Diversity) has been rooted in the public's mind since several significant cases, discriminating Basuki's Tionghoa identity, are denounced by most people in their comments. Accordingly, more people in Indonesia can also accept Tionghoa, as national citizens, to engage in local politics. Therefore, it is shown in these case analyses that Tionghoa's political participation is not only the way to sustain their development, but also the entry point to obtain identity from the local public. Although Tionghoa still need to be more active in political participation with facing internal and external hampers, they may be benefited from interaction ...

[Abstract] Following the resignation of Suharto, the Tionghoans in Indonesia again paved their way to the domestic politics area actively with a view to retaining the rights and development of the Tionghoan society. Nonetheless, parties founded by the Tionghoans had stagnation with no progress in politics. In contrast, in recent years there are a few Tionghoans participating in elections of local governor and winning as glad tidings, especially Basuki Cahaya Purnama's triumph in 2012 Jakarta gubernatorial election with Joko Widodo, which makes the Tionghoan society regard political participation as a significant approach to the mainstream in Indonesia. Therefore, the 2012 Jakarta gubernatorial election, which Basuki has won as a Lieutenant Governor of DKI Jakarta for the next-five-year term, will be focused in the first half part of this article so as to figure out the main mode in the near future for the Tionghoans' political participation. Afterwards, a framework of linking the political participation of the Tionghoans to the external identity from Indonesian society will be introduced with theories of political science and social psychology for interpreting the possibility of upgrading interaction in the phase of cultural or ethnic identity while some advices to the framework and the political participation of Tionghoans will be given as reference. Keywords: Tionghoans, political participation, election of local governor, external identity [中文摘要] 印尼華人隨著蘇哈托政府之倒臺,為修復並維繫華人社會之發展而再度踏上參政之路。儘管印尼已邁入民主體制多年,然受到歷史社會因素與選舉制度之影響,華人儘管積極組織政黨與政治社團,亦努力從事政治活動,卻無法獲得更進一步之發展。不過近年華人積極尋求印尼主流政黨支持參與地方首長選舉,尤以2012年印尼華人鍾萬學與省長候選人佐科威當選印尼雅加達副省長與省長,不僅令當地華人社會視為印尼華人參政歷史之新頁,並再度審視參政之重要性,更重要的似為印尼華人參政奠定新模式與道路。 是故,本文以2012年印尼華人鍾萬學當選印尼雅加達副省長之事實,探究現階段華人投身地方首長選舉之參政模式將有助於尋求並獲得當地社會之支持;另亦將透過參政與認同之理論與概念,試探現今印尼華人參政與當地社會之於華人社會的外部認同兩者之連結架構,以及民主體制下之公民政治活動對於族群初級表層認同之影響力與關聯性,進而推展至當地社會對於華人族群較高層次與角度之文化認同與族群認同。 關鍵詞:印尼華人、政治參與、地方首長選舉、外部認同

Review of: Unmarked Graves: Death and Survival in the Anti-Communist Violence in East Java, Indonesia, Vannessa Hearman (2018)
Singapore: NUS Press, xiii + 288 pp.,
ISBN 978-9-81472-294-0, p/bk, SGD 38.00

Abstract
During the early twentieth century, strong nationalistic ideas sprang up in Indonesia. Some Chinese elites in professional positions under the Dutch colonial government tended to side with the Dutch with the pro-Dutch attitude; some working for Chinese newspapers or agencies developed the pro-China stance; some supported and cooperated with the indigenous people with the pro-independence tendency; and others had their inclinations transformed over the course of time. After examining the life history of a few prominent Chinese figures, this article shows that three levels of factors—international politics in East Asia, local politics in the Dutch East Indies, and their life histories under Dutch rule (together with travel experience to China)—were critical for each Chinese person in establishing or transforming their often hybrid political orientations. The Chinese preference was neither monolithic nor settled, so the general assumption that "Chinese people are loyal to China" in Indonesian politics of the colonial era should be revised.