Suchergebnisse

Small modular reactor (SMR) has drawn wide attention in the past decades, and Lead cooled fast reactor (LFR) is one of the most promising advanced reactors which are able to meet the safety economic goals of Gen-IV nuclear energy systems. A small modular natural circulation lead cooled fast reactor-100 MWth (SNRLFR-100) is being developed by University of Science and Technology of China (USTC). In the present work, a 3D CFD model, primary heat exchanger model, fuel pin model, and point kinetic model were established based on some reasonable simplifications and assumptions, the steady-state natural circulation characteristics of SNCLFR-100 primary cooling system were discussed and illustrated, and some reasonable suggestions were proposed for the reactor's thermal-hydraulic and structural design. Moreover, in order to have a first evaluation of the system behavior in accident conditions, an unprotected loss of heat sink (ULOHS) transient simulation at beginning of the reactor cycle (BOC) has been analyzed and discussed based on the steady-state simulation results. The key temperatures of the reactor core are all under the safety limits at transient state; the reactor has excellent thermal-hydraulic performance.

The description of surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) as a molecular optomechanical process has provided new insights into the vibrational dynamics and nonlinearities of this inelastic scattering process. In earlier studies, molecular vibrations have typically been assumed to couple with a single plasmonic mode of a metallic nanostructure, ignoring the complexity of the plasmonic response in many configurations of practical interest such as in metallic nanojunctions. By describing the plasmonic fields as a continuum, we demonstrate here the importance of considering the full plasmonic response to properly address the molecule-cavity optomechanical interaction. We apply the continuum-field model to calculate the Raman signal from a single molecule in a plasmonic nanocavity formed by a nanoparticle-on-a-mirror configuration, and compare the results of optomechanical parameters, vibrational populations, and Stokes and anti-Stokes signals of the continuum-field model with those obtained from the single-mode model. Our results reveal that high-order non-radiative plasmonic modes significantly modify the optomechanical behavior under strong laser illumination. Moreover, Raman linewidths, lineshifts, vibrational populations, and parametric instabilities are found to be sensitive to the energy of the molecular vibrational modes. The implications of adopting the continuum-field model to describe the plasmonic cavity response in molecular optomechanics are relevant in many other nanoantenna and nanocavity configurations commonly used to enhance SERS. ; We acknowledge project Nr. 12004344 from the National Science Foundation of China, joint project Nr. 21961132023 from the NSFC-DPG, project PID2019-107432GB-I00 from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation, project KK-2019/00101 from Eusko Jaurlaritza, project H2020-FET Open "THOR" Nr. 829067 from the European Commission, UK EPSRC EP/L027151/1, and grant IT1164-19 for consolidated groups of the Basque University, through the Department of Education, Research and Universities of the Basque Government. ; Peer reviewed