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In this article, from the perspective and by mean of Marxist historical materialism, analysis of the different concepts of "civil society" at different times and their evolution was made in sequence as follows, Aristotle's concept of "city-state" in Ancient Greek period, Cicero's concept of "state", divine theory of state and society in Middle Ages, Ferguson's concept of "civilized society" and Hegel's concept of "civil society" in capitalist period and Marx's concept of civil society.

Streetscape is an important factor that forms the image of a city. The visual value and preference in streetscape images need to be measured by examining the interaction between places and visitors in the real environment. The study applied a method to recognize and evaluate urban streetscape from the perspective of tour bus passengers, and proved its effectiveness in streetscape visual attraction research. In this study, a visitor-employed photography (VEP) survey was conducted along 32 blocks on the No. 1 urban tour bus (with an average speed of 28 km/h) in Suzhou, China; the visual attributes and significance of urban streetscapes were recognized through empirical research on tour bus visitors' on-site experience. The researcher cultivated the emotional motivations and block distribution captured by 30 respondents through analyzing the types of photos the respondents liked and disliked. The results of this study show that, in general, positive streetscape types tend to be of regional landscape, with cultural and readable emotional motivations. Negative streetscape types tend to be of modern architecture and construction sites, with unreadable and unattractive emotional motivations. The block cluster analysis, based on the average frequency/km of positive and negative streetscape photos, shows that the four block unit clusters were perceived by visitors with deviation between the land use image and the planned land use. The bus VEP method revealed that the visual attractiveness and preferences of streetscape were highly context-specific, rather than for performance.

The article analyzes the problems of recruiting and the professional titles evaluation of rural teachers in China, and also discusses ways to solves them.

This paper summarizes our recent advances in antenna designs for ultra wideband (UWB) applications. Two types of monopoles are studied and developed in our research group. The first type belongs to the electric monopole with a circular disc fed by three different feeding structures. The second type is the magnetic monopole with an elliptical slot. The performances of these two types of antennas are evaluated in both frequency and time domains. The important design parameters for achieving optimal operations are also analyzed. It is shown that both electric and magnetic monopoles can provide ultra wide bandwidth with nearly omni-directional radiation patterns over the entire frequency band. In addition, the impulse responses of the selected antennas are shown to correspond well to the frequency domain characteristics.