Suchergebnisse

Migrations définitives vers la France et constitution de la famille.
Eva LELIEVRE
Cet article s'appuie sur une enquête démographique rétrospective dont on a extrait un sous-échantillon d'étrangers ou de naturalisés résidant en France et âgés de 45 à 69 ans en 1981.
L'objectif est d'éclairer les influences réciproques de la migration internationale et du cycle de vie familial (mariage, naissances). La méthode utilisée permet de dépasser la traditionnelle recherche de causalité et de quantifier de manière précise des comportements socio-démographiques liés à la migration. En particulier, l'article met en évidence un changement radical : le mariage qui est un frein à la migration pour les femmes nées avant 1915, la favorise au contraire dans les générations ultérieures. D'autre part, on montre que la fécondité des naturalisés (2,64 enfants par femme) se distingue sensiblement de celle des étrangères (3,67) et rejoint donc le niveau national de cette période (2,60 enfants par femme) en quelques années.

The joint analysis of two INED longitudinal surveys, one based on a national sample and the other on a sample of Parisians, presents a reconstruction of the residential history of a cohort born between 1926 and 1935 and an evaluation of the role of the Paris region in the migration patterns of these generations. The first part of the paper advocates the advantages offered by such longitudinal data which nevertheless presents the researcher with new challenges. For those French generations born between the two world wars, the beginnings in the post-war housing crisis were difficult. A comparison of the social as well as the residential histories of individuals confirms the close link between geographical and social mobility. The analysis of the social origin and the occupational characteristics of individuals in these categories exhibits the high social mobility in the Paris region which favours dynasties of professionals and provides better opportunities for the other occupations. The Paris region appears as the ideal location to improve one's chances of social advancement. Another characteristic of the post-1950s housing transformation is the diffusion of home-ownership. This affected provincials and Parisians in different ways, both of which are closely examined.

The relationship between women's education & employment in GB & the dramatic changes in British family formation in recent decades are examined based on data drawn from the British General Household Survey. Increased cohabitation, reduced marriage, & delay in childbearing are found. Education is contended to be a powerful influence on the transition to marriage & parenthood among women. It is concluded that the current directions of economic & social change in GB predict a movement toward later & more varied patterns of family formation. 9 Tables, 5 Figures, 22 References. M. Wagner