Suchergebnisse

Lee Clarke surveys the full range of possible catastrophes that animate and dominate the popular imagination, from toxic spills and terrorism to plane crashes and pandemics. He explores how the ubiquity of worst cases in everyday life has rendered them ordinary and mundane

The terror attacks of 9.11 signalled that people are increasingly put at risk of not only terrorism but natural and technological disasters as well. Since 9.11 scholars have been asking new questions about catastrophe and made important and interesting innovations in methods, concepts, and theories regarding disaster and terror. This volume brings together a creative set of papers, most of which are about the 9.11 attacks. They draw from several disciplines to address key questions: what lessons does the response to the collapse of the World Trade Center have for disaster planning? what has 9.11 meant for civil liberties in the US? how will survivors react over the long run? and how do we conceptualize panic and mass response?

In digital cartography, Google Maps and Google Street View (GSV) are often used side-by-side at the computer interface. This study consists of an analysis of recordings of Geoguessr, an online game that presents players with GSV imagery and challenges them to guess the location of the images on a digital map. Gameplay requires semiotic moves that put the diagrammatic signs of the GSV images and the map into a dynamic interplay. By specifying these practices, the present analysis offers a processual, practice-oriented perspective on theoretical debates in the study of digital mapping. Rather than existing a priori, the constructed or transparent nature of the map, as well as the kind of cartographical subject involved in manipulations of the map both emerge and change through the practical use of the two representations. Furthermore, the abductive inferences that characterize particular moments of gameplay constitute an intersection of reasoning and play.

Abstract
Neurons called place cells are selectively activated in correspondence with the location or place field that a rodent occupies. In a phenomenon that neuroscientists call replay, place cell activation sequences rapidly repeat during subsequent periods of rest and grooming. Replay has been theorized as a mechanism for reinforcement learning of the spatial trajectories represented by place cell coactivation. Preplay is a competing theory that suggests that these sequences also occur before a novel run and that sequences are not recordings of position made in real time, but rather pre-made repertoires that an organism selects from as it makes a trajectory through space. The preplay theory maintains the language of representation while breaking from the entailment of the conceptual metaphor "MEMORIES ARE RECORDINGS" that recordings are produced simultaneously to the experiences that they represent. It does so through a conceptual blend that affords preplay researchers flexibility in their theorizing about memory without requiring a break from representationalism. Broadly, these findings demonstrate how the blending of conceptual metaphors is a viable approach for the implicit development and contestation of theories of representation in the neural and cognitive sciences.

Purpose
Although the interest in firm media sentiment has been increasing, the impact of news media sentiments on consumers' perception of firms' offerings and, subsequently, their sales remain unknown. This study aims to address this research question in this study. Furthermore, the authors consider the role of two boundary conditions, i.e., offerings' similarity and offerings' service ratio, that moderate the main relationship.

Design/methodology/approach
Using a comprehensive and novel data set of over 900 firms between 2009 and 2019 from multiple sources, this study addresses the research questions. The authors use a fixed effects panel regression model to estimate the model.

Findings
A firm's news media sentiments can influence consumers' perception of the corporate brand, thereby driving sales growth. This study finds that when a firm's offerings are not differentiated from its competitors, news media sentiments become more important and so does when a firm offers more services than a product.

Research limitations/implications
To the best of the authors' knowledge, this study is the first to assess customers' responses as manifested in the sales growth of a firm's offerings, using both primary and secondary data and analysis.

Practical implications
The findings provide actionable insights to managers by identifying specific offerings-related attributes – similarity and service ratio – where media sentiments play a critical role in influencing sales growth.

Originality/value
While existing studies in marketing have primarily considered user-generated social media sentiments, this study departs from this literature by investigating earned media sentiments through traditional media outlets such as newspapers and business magazines, which have rarely been studied in marketing.

Anthocyanin supplements are receiving attention due to purported benefits to physiological, metabolic, and exercise responses in trained individuals. However, the efficacy of anthocyanin intake over multiple testing days is not known. We compared a placebo and two doses of anthocyanin-rich New Zealand blackcurrant (NZBC) extract (300 and 600 mg·day−1) on plasma lactate, substrate oxidation, and 16.1 km time trial (TT) performance on three occasions over 7-days in a fed state (day 1 (D1), D4, and D7). Thirteen male cyclists participated in a randomized, crossover, placebo-controlled double-blind design. There was no difference in plasma lactate and substrate oxidation between conditions and between days. A time difference was observed between D1 (1701 ± 163 s) and D4 (1682 ± 162 s) for 600 mg (p = 0.05), with an increment in average speed (D1 = 34.3 ± 3.4 vs. D4 = 34.8 ± 3.4 km·h−1, p = 0.04). However, there was no difference between the other days and between conditions. Overall, one week of intake of NZBC extract did not affect physiological and metabolic responses. Intake of 600 mg of NZBC extract showed inconsistent benefits in improving 16.1 km time trial performance over a week period in trained fed cyclists.

AbstractSea levels are rising in many areas around the world, posing risks to coastal communities and infrastructures. Strategies for managing these flood risks present decision challenges that require a combination of geophysical, economic, and infrastructure models. Previous studies have broken important new ground on the considerable tensions between the costs of upgrading infrastructure and the damages that could result from extreme flood events. However, many risk‐based adaptation strategies remain silent on certain potentially important uncertainties, as well as the tradeoffs between competing objectives. Here, we implement and improve on a classic decision‐analytical model (Van Dantzig 1956) to: (i) capture tradeoffs across conflicting stakeholder objectives, (ii) demonstrate the consequences of structural uncertainties in the sea‐level rise and storm surge models, and (iii) identify the parametric uncertainties that most strongly influence each objective using global sensitivity analysis. We find that the flood adaptation model produces potentially myopic solutions when formulated using traditional mean‐centric decision theory. Moving from a single‐objective problem formulation to one with multiobjective tradeoffs dramatically expands the decision space, and highlights the need for compromise solutions to address stakeholder preferences. We find deep structural uncertainties that have large effects on the model outcome, with the storm surge parameters accounting for the greatest impacts. Global sensitivity analysis effectively identifies important parameter interactions that local methods overlook, and that could have critical implications for flood adaptation strategies.