Suchergebnisse

Ausgehend davon, daß England zu den am stärksten zentralisierten Industriestaaten zählt, wird die Entwicklung regionaler Autonomie (Übertragung von legislativer und exekutiver Gewalt auf regionale Gebietskörperschaften, Devolution) seit Beginn der 60er Jahre untersucht. Widerstände gegen die von schottischen und walisischen Nationalisten propagierte Devolution seitens der höheren zentralen Bürokratie und lokaler Gebietskörperschaften sowie das Desinteresse von Politikern und Öffentlichkeit werden analysiert. Eine Änderung des Wahlsystems in Richtung Verhältniswahlrecht - so das Ergebnis - würde die an Devolution interessierten Kräfte stärken und institutionelle Reformen des zentralisierten Systems ermöglichen. (AuD-Hng)

Extensive research has demonstrated that neighbourhood ethnic diversity is negatively associated with intra-neighbourhood social capital. This study explores the role of segregation and integration in this relationship. To do so it applies three-level hierarchical linear models to two sets of data from across Great Britain and within London, and examines how segregation across the wider-community in which a neighbourhood is nested impacts trust amongst neighbours. This study replicates the increasingly ubiquitous finding that neighbourhood diversity is negatively associated with neighbour-trust. However, we demonstrate that this relationship is highly dependent on the level of segregation across the wider-community in which a neighbourhood is nested. Increasing neighbourhood diversity only negatively impacts neighbour-trust when nested in more segregated wider-communities. Individuals living in diverse neighbourhoods nested within integrated wider-communities experience no trust-penalty. These findings show that segregation plays a critical role in the neighbourhood diversity/trust relationship, and that its absence from the literature biases our understanding of how ethnic diversity affects social cohesion.

A number of studies have found a negative relationship between ethnic diversity and social capital and assumed from this a harmful effect of diversity on social cohesion. This article suggests that social cohesion must be treated as a multifaceted concept and any analysis into the relationship between diversity and social capital needs to be complemented by an analysis of diversity's effect on 'relations between ethnic groups'. Our results show that while increasing diversity does have a negative impact on social capital, it simultaneously improves perceptions of, and relations between, ethnic groups. Furthermore, we find that forming 'bridging' ties in diverse environments plays a significant role in the positive relationship between diversity and tolerance, and that the presence of 'bridging' ties can also reduce the negative impact of diversity on social capital. However, while our results show that diversity has both positive and negative effects on social cohesion, we find that it is disadvantage which has the most detrimental impact, undermining both social capital and interethnic relations. We also find evidence that using a more sensitive measure of diversity (creating an area typology based on the proportional size, number, and type of ethnic groups in an area) reveals that living in different structures of diversity may lead to different social cohesion outcomes. © 2009 The Author. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved.

Includes index. ; "A teacher's library: p. [xxii]-xxiv. ; Mode of access: Internet.

A theory of prices. Gold and prices after 1873.--Changes in prices since 1896.--The increased cost of living.--The European war and inflation.--Agricultural unrest.--Socialism in the price question.--A monetary system for Santo Domingo.--The refunding bill of 1881.--Government vs. bank issues.--The monetary commission of 1897. ; Mode of access: Internet.

Includes index. ; Bibliography: p. xxi-xxx. ; Mode of access: Internet.

The hope for labor unions.--Socialism a philosophy of failure.--The abolition of poverty.--Social settlements.--Political economy and Christianity.--Large fortunes.--The valuation of railways.--Guaranty of bank deposits.--The depositor and the bank.--Government vs. bank issues.--Index. ; Mode of access: Internet.

Includes index. ; "A teacher's library": p. xxi-xxiv. ; Mode of access: Internet.

Includes bibliographical references. ; Part I: The United States, 1792-1873 -- Arguments of the Bimetallists and Monometallists -- The Silver Period, 1792-1834 -- Cause of the Change in the Relative Values of Gold and Silver, 1780-1820 -- Change of the Legal Ratio by the Act of 1834 -- The Gold Discoveries and the Act of 1853 -- The Gold Standard, 1853-1873 -- The Demonetization of Silver -- Part II: The Late Fall in the Value of Silver -- The Production of Gold since 1850 -- India and the East -- Germany Displaces Silver with Gold -- France and the Latin Union -- Cause of the Late Fall in the Value of Silver -- Continued Fall in the Value of Silver Since 1885 -- Part III: The United States Since 1873 -- Silver Legislation in 1878 -- Operation of the Act of 1878 -- Act of 1890 -- Cessation of Silver Purchases, 1893 ; Mode of access: Internet.