Suchergebnisse

Context: Primary health care (PHC) researchers increasingly need to share their data. This requires adherence to privacy laws, approval by ethics committees and comprehensive data management plans. IMPACT is a 6-site Canadian-Australian collaborative research program designed to improve access to primary health care for vulnerable individuals. Each site used a common protocol to design and evaluate its own intervention, with the aim of pooling data across the sites. Ethics applications were submitted in each site. Sharing data across the sites proved a challenge. Objective: This paper describes the data-sharing issues managed by IMPACT. Design: Consultations were conducted with key informants and documents were reviewed to develop a data sharing plan. Key informants had expertise in data governance, IT and/or research ethics in medical research. Documents included universities policies and submissions to ethics committees. The authors reflected upon the process and identified lessons for PHC researchers. Setting: IMPACT study sites in 3 Australian jurisdictions (New South Wales, Victoria, South Australia) and 3 Canadian jurisdictions (Alberta, Quebec, Ontario). Results: Data sharing for a multi-site multi-country study was complex. Privacy legislation and university policies were protective of patient privacy, particularly in Australia. The site-specific ethics applications had not specified that the data was part of a larger study. Consequently, the other sites were deemed as external. Multiple consultations with ethics, IT, and data governance units were required to clarify the data classification (patient data is inherently sensitive), who needed access, and how access could be enabled. Bringing support units together assisted a common understanding – this had not been usual practice. Conclusions: Early consultations with university ethics and data governance units is recommended for planning data sharing – particularly for patient data and complex projects.

Background: People 65 years or older are at greater risk of serious complications from the seasonal influenza compared with young. To promote elderly people's behavioral compliance toward influenza prevention, the aim of the current project is to develop, implement, and evaluate a theory-based low-administration-cost intervention building on a leading psychological theory, the Health Action Process Approach (HAPA). Methods: The target group is Hong Kong Chinese elderly people aged 65 or older who rarely or never adopt any preventive actions. This project will be conducted in three phases over 24 months. In phase 1, intervention program will be developed building on the HAPA theoretical framework which comprises both the initiation and maintenance of influenza prevention behaviors. In phase 2, intervention will be implemented and evaluated using a randomized controlled trial, including: (a) behavior initiation only, (b) behavior initiation + behavior maintenance, and (c) control group. Both the initiation and maintenance components will comprise weekly-delivered telephone-based individual intervention sessions in 3 months. In phase 3, outcome evaluation of behavioral and psychological variables and process evaluation will be conducted. The effectiveness of the intervention will be analyzed using a series of linear mixed models on each behavioral and psychological outcome variable. Structural equation modelling will be used to test the hypothesized theoretical sequence in the HAPA model. Discussion: The proposed project is expected to design theory-based intervention materials to promote the influenza prevention behaviors in Hong Kong elderly people and provide information on its effectiveness and the potential changing mechanism of behavior initiation and maintenance. Trial registration: This randomized controlled trial was funded by the Health and Medical Research Fund (HMRF), Food and Health Bureau of the Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (Ref: 16151222) and was registered on 13/10/2017 at CCRB Clinical Trials Registry of the Chinese University of Hong Kong, a Partner Registry of a WHO Primary Registry (Ref: CUHK-CCRB00567).

A search for dark matter linelike signals iss performed in the vicinity of the Galactic Center by the H.E.S.S. experiment on observational data taken in 2014. An unbinned likelihood analysis iss developed to improve the sensitivity to linelike signals. The upgraded analysis along with newer data extend the energy coverage of the previous measurement down to 100 GeV. The 18 h of data collected with the H.E.S.S. array allow one to rule out at 95% C.L. the presence of a 130 GeV line (at l=-1.5°, b=0° and for a dark matter profile centered at this location) previously reported in Fermi-LAT data. This new analysis overlaps significantly in energy with previous Fermi-LAT and H.E.S.S. RESULTS: No significant excess associated with dark matter annihilations was found in the energy range of 100 GeV to 2 TeV and upper limits on the gamma-ray flux and the velocity weighted annihilation cross section are derived adopting an Einasto dark matter halo profile. Expected limits for present and future large statistics H.E.S.S. observations are also given. ; The support of the Namibian authorities and of the University of Namibia in facilitating the construction and operation of H.E.S.S. is gratefully acknowledged, as is the support by the German Ministry for Education and Research (BMBF), the Max Planck Society, the German Research Foundation (DFG), the French Ministry for Research, the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules and the Astroparticle Interdisciplinary Programme of the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, the United Kingdom Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC), the Institute of Particle and Nuclear Physics of the Charles University, the Czech Science Foundation, the Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education, the South African Department of Science and Technology and National Research Foundation, and the University of Namibia. We appreciate the excellent work of the technical support staff in Berlin, Durham, Hamburg, Heidelberg, Palaiseau, Paris, Saclay, and Namibia in the construction and operation of the equipment. R. C. G. Chaves Funded by European Union Seventh Framework Programme Marie Curie, Grant Agreement No. PIEF-GA-2012-332350. ; Peer-reviewed ; Publisher Version