Suchergebnisse

Internally, China is celebrating its successes while having to overcome its dilemmas and complications caused by those accomplishments; externally the nature of its rise is being questioned by some and emulated by others. Under the condition, one must have a more clear-eyed view of China's achievements thus far along with its challenges and opportunities for future success. The books reviewed in this article include William H. Overholt's China's Crisis of Success, Graham Allison's Destined for War and a collection edited by Jennifer Rudolph and Michael Szonyi, The China Questions. Each of these volumes presents timely and authoritative analyses, covering a range of issues to generate a much-needed conversation to recognize China as it is without resorting to excessive alarmism or senseless optimism. (J Contemp China/GIGA)

The East Asian security order has been affected by the increasing rivalry between China and Japan in recent years against the backdrop of the evolving Sino-Japan balance of power and the renewed nationalism in both countries. These developments have emerged as powerful wild cards, reinforcing the security dilemma and undermining the prospect for building a lasting peace between these two major powers in the region. This research is designed to examine Sino-Japan relations as well as the overall security order in East Asia. In particular, it looks into how the politics of nationalism intertwined with the changing regional power dynamics could affect the East China Sea dispute by creating an environment more conducive to bilateral tensions rather than mutual trust and cooperation.

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to examine the associations among uncertainty, depression, social support, and self-care compliance in patients undergoing hemodialysis, and to identify the factors influencing self-care compliance. METHODS: A convenience sample of 152 patients receiving hemodialysis was selected. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlations, and hierarchical regression analysis with the SPSS 23.0 program. RESULTS: Participants performed a moderate level of self-care consisting of factors such as knowledge of hemodialysis, dietary knowledge of hemodialysis, dietary compliance with hemodialysis, and compliance with hemodialysis order. The self-care compliance of participants undergoing hemodialysis showed a significant relationship with depression, uncertainty, and social support. The factors significantly influencing self-care compliance were social support and occupation. These variables explained 24.9% of the variance in self-care compliance. CONCLUSION: Findings from this study confirmed that uncertainty, depression, and social support are major factors affecting self-care compliance, and that the higher the patients' uncertainty, the lower their self-care compliance. Thus, interventions should be performed to reduce uncertainty and to improve self-care through accurate information and education on disease progression and self-care.

This study employed a new theoretical frame, holism, to distinguish cultural differences in conflict management strategy preference. Results indicated that S. Koreans showed more holistic tendencies than U.S. employees, and higher scores on a holism measure were positively related to ratings of the collaborative style (S. Korean preferred style) and negatively related to ratings of the avoidant style (U.S. preferred style). In comparisons across the two cultures, S. Koreans preferred collaborating, compromising, and accommodating styles, whereas U.S. participants preferred the avoiding style. Although additional investigation is needed to further explore how holism can be used to explain cultural differences, these results point to the richness of this new cultural value as a theoretical framework and suggest its potential for future investigations.

We sought to determine whether fathers' play participation exerted an indirect effect on young children's social-emotional development by supporting mothers' psychological parenting environments of depression, parenting stress, and parenting efficacy. We also identified differences
by family income. Mothers responded to all measures. We sampled 72 low-income and 201 higher income Korean mothers with 3- to 5-year-old children. The results showed that fathers in higher income families indirectly contributed to young children's social-emotional development through their
effect on mothers' depression and parenting stress, and fathers in low-income families indirectly contributed through their effect on mothers' depression, parenting stress, and parenting efficacy. Practical implications for improving young children's social-emotional development in each family
income group are discussed.

Following Land and McCann's first proposal of the Retinex theory, numerous Retinex algorithms that differ considerably both algorithmically and functionally have been developed. We clarify the relationships among various Retinex families by associating their spatial processing structures to the neural organizations in the retina and the primary visual cortex in the brain. Some of the Retinex algorithms have a retina-like processing structure (Land's designator idea and NASA Retinex), and some show a close connection with the cortical structures in the primary visual area of the brain (two-dimensional L&M Retinex). A third group of Retinexes (the variational Retinex) manifests an explicit algorithmic relation to Wilson–Cowan's physiological model. We intend to overview these three groups of Retinexes with the frame of reference in the biological visual mechanisms. ; This work was supported by the European Research Council, Starting Grant Ref. 306337, by the Spanish government and FEDER Fund, grant Ref. TIN2015-71537-P(MINECO/FEDER,UE), and by the Icrea Academia Award. The authors declare that no conflicting interests exist.

This study measured current and required levels of educational capacities of adult civic educators in South Korea. The pairwise comparisons provided implications for more urgent and important professional development areas.