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ABSTRACTIn most models dealing with the cost‐volume‐profit analysis, the costs and price are usually assumed to be deterministic variables. In this paper, we build such models by explicitly assuming that they are stochastic variables. We then evaluate a number of statistical properties of these models and, in turn, consider the usefulness of the models for a short term financial analysis.

ABSTRACTWhile Dantzig and Wolfe have formulated the decomposition algorithm as a computational device, it was subsequently recognized that the principle underlying the algorithm may also be utilized by a planning system to achieve a centralized planning within the framework of a decentralized organizational structure. This paper illustrates the workings of such a planning system and, at the same time, explores some of the problems connected with its actual implementation. The planning system under the study is called the decomposed planning system in order to distinguish it from either the centralized planning or the decentralized planning.